Emotion regulation plays an important role in the maintenance of physical and mental health. However, the frequency of its use has not been examined in Japan. There- fore, the present study focused on the emotion regulation strategies of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression and examined:(1)the difference in the frequency of emotion regulation strategies between Japanese people with autism spectrum dis- order(ASD)and typical development(TD); (2)the relationship between emotion regulation and mental health; and(3)the relationship between emotion regulation and cognitive function. The participants were 34 people with ASD(mean age 28.8 years)and 36 people with TD(mean age 28.0 years). The results showed that people with ASD used cognitive reappraisal less frequently than people with TD. Furthermore, there was no difference in expressive suppression between the two groups. There was no association between emotion regulation and mental health in individuals with ASD. In addition, there was also no association between emotion regulation and cognitive functioning in either group. These results suggest that people with ASD have problems in executive function or identifying and communicating their own emotions. Therefore, they use adaptive emotional regulation strategies, not associated with mental health, less frequently.

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This study explored a specific feature of the inclusive education system in upper secondary education in Denmark. The main results through an analysis of the literature and interviews indicated that 1)there were two kinds of upper secondary schools(GYM, EUD). Furthermore, there were also preparatory basic education courses(FGU)for transition from lower to upper secondary school. Regarding pupils with special needs, the municipalities made an education plan (individuel uddannelsesplan)individually as per the STU(særlig tilrettelagt ungdom suddannelse)law. 2)Since the government took responsibility for upper secondary education, relevant documents should be taken from the municipalities. Although education services in the upper secondary phases were provided by the STU law for pupils with severe special needs, there was also special support for pupils with mild special needs as per the SPS(specielpaedagogisk støtte). Therefore,3)theuppersecondaryeducation for pupils with severe educational needs was intended for social inclusion. Conversely, there was a higher likelihood of inclusive education for mild educational needs with the SPS services. 4)The right for three years of upper secondary education for pu- pils with special needs until the age of 25 was guaranteed by the STU law.

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A video-based intervention, which consisted of video feedback and prompts, was conducted with three children with autism spectrum disorders to reduce their maladaptive behaviors when they lost games and help them acquire the ability to “cope with losses,” a social skill. Furthermore, the differences in the efficacy of video-based interventions based on the types of maladaptive behaviors were examined. The results indicated that maladaptive behaviors when they lost games decreased, and the ability to cope with losses was facilitated. However, the effects of the intervention differed based on the type of maladaptive behavior. Finally, the effects and problems of video-based interventions, the present study's limitations, and the remaining concerns for future studies are discussed.

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This study aimed to provide an overview of the previous studies that examined the relationship between partnership and family quality of life(FQOL), to understand the current situation, and clarify future research issues regarding their relationship. The analysis was conducted from the following three perspectives:(1)number of FQOL respondents,(2)the presence or absence of the measurement of changes over time in FQOL, and(3)the main purpose and results, and the role of the experts who contributed to FQOL. The researchers con- ducted an electronic search(2000-2019) for papers that analyzed the relationship between experts and family partnerships. As a result, 22 relevant papers were found, which included 14 questionnaire surveys and eight experimental studies. The characteristics of the questionnaire survey were as follows:(1)N=13(92.9%)1 person ratio, (2)N=0,(3)correlation between partner- ship and FQOL(N=9), the role of the experts(N=4), and the number of experts that affected FQOL,(N=1), respectively. Conversely, the characteristics of the experimental research were(1)N=6(75%),(2) N=4(50%), and(3)studies that clarified the roles of all the experts(N=8:collaborative approach, HCBS, BPT), respectively. The future issues pointed out from the results are as follows. It is necessary to accumulate research on FQOL measurement by multiple respondents over time. Furthermore, it is necessary to analyze the involvement of specialists in the family, a predictor of FQOL.

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