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Volume 15 (1959)
- Issue 4 Pages 217-
- Issue 3 Pages 147-
- Issue 2 Pages 79-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 15, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Masao Ueda, Motomu IizukaArticle type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 79-84
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ultrasonic interferometer using a transmitting and a receiving quartz plate was constructed. The ultrasonic velocities in liquids were obtained by measuring the periodic changes of voltage induced in the receiving quartz which was set up instead of a reflecting plate in this apparatus. This method enables the observation of pure acoustical quantities. The output was fed to the transmitting quartz through the matching network loosely coupled to the plate circuit of a Pierce oscillator circuit with a control quartz. Moving the transmitting quartz against the receiving quartz, the acoustic load on the transmitting quartz varies; this results in the variation of its equivalent mechanical impedance. In this case, the variations of the acoustic output form the transmitting quartz are known by the readings of voltages induced in the receiving quartz. The voltage is read on a galvanometer through a silicon-tungsten rectifier. From intervals of some maximum deflections of the galvanometer, the wavelength is obtained. The frequency is 2. 3920 m. c. in the case of no load, and the deviations from that frequency caused by connecting the acoustic loads are always smaller than 100 cycles/sec. During above stated measurements, the frequency fluctuations caused by variations of distance between transmitting and receiving quartz plates are hardly recognized. The experimental values of ultrasonic velocities in distilled water obtained in this research are as follows: 1481 m/sec. at 19. 2℃, 1490 m/sec. at 23. 0℃.View full abstractDownload PDF (531K) -
Yahei FujiiArticle type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 85-90
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy means of the λ/4 resonance method, the velocity (√<E/ρ_s>) and the absorption coefficient (α) of longitudinal waves in soil are measured as functions of water content (W) and frequency (n) in the range of 0. 1-2. 0 kc/s. For the comparison of different soils, the parameter gamma γ = (volume of air / vol. of air + vol. of water. ) is chosen in place of water content. Typical soils subject to comparison are Kanto Loam (natural state), Mitaka Sand Silt (obtained as sediments at well-boring) and White Clay (semi-moulded). Results of measurements made by this method show that: (1) √<E/ρ_s> is not so closely related to n, but log α is proportional to log n in the mentioned frequency range. (2) Both √<E/ρ_s> and α are affected deeply by W. √<E/ρ_s> is an increasing function of γ and α is decreasing function of γ. (3) Kanto Loam, a thick stratum of fine volcano ash, contracts little as W decreases. Its √<E/ρ_s> varies between 180 m/s and 400 m/s. α_<500> varies from 10^<-2> cm^<-1> to 10^<-3> cm^<-1>. (4) White Clay, sampled at Mt. Hakone (volcano), contracts greatly as W decreases. Its √<E/ρ_s> varies from 40 m/s to 1000 m/s and also α_<500> varies from 10^<-1. 5> cm^<-1> to 10^<-4. 5> cm^<-1> as γ increases. (5) Mitaka Sand Silt is very soft when it is saturated with water out becomes very hard when it is dried. Its √<E/ρ_s> varies from 30 m/s to 800 m/s and α_<500> varies from 10^<-0. 5> cm^<-1> to 10^<-3> cm^<-1>.View full abstractDownload PDF (493K) -
Otohiko NomotoArticle type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 91-102
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntermolecular force in liquid mixtures has been computed for 100 mixtures employing the existing ultrasonic data and applying Altenburg's formula (Kolloid-Z. 117 (1950) 153) for the sound velocity in liquids derived on the assumption of a solid-lattice model. Result of the calculation indicates that the constant of the intermolecular attractive force ε_<AB> between two liquids A and B is independent of the concentration for about 30 liquid mixtures (Group A mixtures) for which the ratio between the force constants of the two component liquids is less than 4 (ε_<A>/ε_<B>≦4, or ε_<B>/ε_<A>≦4), or the ratio between the molar volumes of the component liquids is less than 1. 6. This indicates that the molecular arrangement (assumed as face-centered cubic) of the liquid does not charge by mixing of these mixtures. For about 40 mixtures (Group B mixtures) the force constant ε_<AB> obtained in this method shows a linear dependency on concentration, which, however, is presumably only apparent. This indicates that rather the molecular arrangement changes gradually with concentration for these liquid mixtures, due to the difference in force constants or the molar volumes of the component liquids. For about 30 other mixtures (Group C), the force constant ε_<AB> exhibits an apparently non-linear dependency on concentration, some of them indicating the structure change due to association or other effects.View full abstractDownload PDF (987K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 103-111
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 112-115
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 115-117
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 117-125
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]Article type: Article
1959 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 125-128
Published: June 30, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 02, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (401K)
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