The paper is devoted to the problem of disaster mitigation. It develops an emergent mechanism of resource redistribution aimed at recovering of a socio-technological system affected by a large scale disaster. The basic requirements to the short-term recovery are taken into account in constructing this mechanism. The system at hand consists of many individual units (cities) and the mechanism is based on their cooperative interaction, which makes the resource redistribution efficient regardless of the particular position of affected region. Previously we studied the dynamics of supply process governed by this mechanism when all the information about the system is available and actual from the beginning of the process (V. Lubashevskiy, T. Kanno, K. Furuta, arXiv:1310.0648). In the present paper we analyze the effects of lack of information on the resource delivery rate. Two scenarios of the lack of information are allowed for. The first one is the delay of the information about the city states. The second one is its incompleteness. As a result of simulation, it is demonstrated that the duration of the resource redistribution governed by the developed mechanism is weakly affected by the lack of information.

Monte Carlo simulations were performed for magnetization process of torus ring clusters with different radii. Simulation results show characteristic reversal curves which have plateau region in halfway. To investigate the factor that these two curves arise, the change of magnetic spin arrangements in the reversal process were calculated, moreover, closure domain parameters and total energy were analyzed. As a result, it is clear that the two curves are distinguished by a state which is either closure domain state or head-to-head state in halfway of the reversal process. Some clusters with different radii take only one path through closure domain state and the reversal process slightly change. In this paper, the magnetic propertied and relations between reversal process and the radii of clusters are discussed.

Galvanic coupling intra-body communication involves the formation of a network between small terminals applied to the surface of the human body and bio-signal sensors embedded within the body. To enable the design of a communication device, it is important to fully understand the signal transmission loss characteristics of the human body, while developing a method that optimizes the transmission efficiency. This study analyzed the signal path loss during galvanic-coupling intra-body communication of a human arm through the application of a four-terminal circuit and a finite-element method (FEM) model, with special attention given to the return path. The effect of the interface circuit of an LC series–parallel circuit that injected the signal into the human body was also examined. Without the LC series–parallel circuit, the attenuation of the transmitted signal was minimized within a range of 2–5 MHz in the circuit model and 3–7 MHz in the FEM model. The addition of the LC series–parallel circuit improved the attenuation by 1.9–5.8 dB at the resonant frequency (2 MHz).

This paper reports a toe speed control approach to achieving complex gaits with the Jansen linkage mechanism. In order to achieve complex gaits, delicate control of the toe is required. Since, the Jansen linkage mechanism is a closed loop linkage mechanism, the trajectory of the toe is defined uniquely by the set of link lengths. Hence, by controlling the toe speed, the locomotion of the toe can be controlled arbitrarily in response to intended purposes of its gait pattern. In this paper, we proved that the norm of the toe speed bears a proportionate relationship to the angular velocity of the driving link in a Jansen mechanism based robot platform. Using this relationship as basis, we derived the angular trajectory that results in a constant toe speed in the robot platform. Numerical simulations were performed to demonstrate the efficacy and validity of the proposed approach.

This paper introduces a method for the automatic conversion of the 3D mesh models into a set of the 2D patterns for producing physical copy-models. We consider the models that can be segmented into the near-developable parts. Each part is regenerated into the 2D patterns by decomposing it into a set of triangle strips and mapping them onto the 2D print plane. Mapping strips are done in two steps: 1) mapping onto the fixed plane in 3D; 2) mapping the flattened strips onto a print plane. The resulting strips are assembling in the flattened patches, or patterns, located in a common plane. A paper copy-model is produced by cutting and gluing the printed patterns. The paper presents a set of the developed algorithms which allow us to achieve the desired goal. To demonstrate the practicality of the proposed method we show the 2D patterns of several mesh models and their copy-models. Our research is connecting to producing the paper prototypes based on unfolding the given 3D computer models. The art of origami is the type of paper modeling. For this reason, we call our system “Origami 3D printer”.

Many people have got injured and died by sudden disasters such as fires and terrorisms. We have proposed an Emergency Rescue Support System (ERESS) for reducing victims at the time of disaster. ERESS operates under mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) composed of handheld terminals such as smartphones and tablets. ERESS terminals have disaster detection algorithm and plural sensors such as acceleration, angular velocity, and geomagnetism. ERESS detects the disaster from the behavior analysis of people by the sensors. In this paper, we propose a new disaster detection method by performing the machine learning in the group using a support vector domain description (SVDD). We are able to detect the abnormal behavior of people by using this method. The results of disaster simulation experiments show the validity of the proposed method.

Information floating (IF) is an invisible infrastructure in which mobile nodes can receive information that seems to be floating in a designated area. IF is realized by successively transferring information from a mobile node to other nodes in an epidemic manner with wireless direct communication in designated areas. IF has many potential applications, such as advertisements for local communities, specific communication for disasters, alert systems for pedestrians and vehicles, and so on. To design alert systems on a road, some articles theoretically analyze the mean lifetime of the floating in a one-dimensional street. In past researches, however, identical traffic volume and velocity were assumed in all the lanes. The difference in traffic volume between lanes and the correlation between traffic volume and velocity were omitted for simplicity. In this paper, we recognize the importance of these two factors and reveal their effects on the mean lifetime of IF with a new theoretical method. In it, we consider not only the effects of the above two factors but also the complicated features of IF that were ignored in previous methods.

During large-scale disasters, some regions can become isolated from critical information exchanges due to problems with communication infrastructures. In this paper, we consider information exchange among isolated shelters in such cases using epidemic transmission, which distributes information without infrastructure by direct communication between nodes and their movements. As mobile nodes for epidemic transmission, we consider transport vehicles that are leaving a distribution center to deliver relief goods to shelters. These transport vehicles receive information from the shelters and distribute it to other shelters together with the relief goods. As a result, information is shared by the shelter. Suppose that transport vehicles move along different traveling paths and exchange information at the distribution center. Transport vehicles can also get new information from other transport vehicles while they wait for new relief goods to arrive at the distribution center. Transport vehicles might be able to receive more new information by waiting for a longer time, although such additional waiting time causes a greater delay of the delivery of relief goods. In this paper, we consider the relation between relief goods delivery and information sharing by transport vehicles with epidemic transmission and analyze how the additional waiting time affects the delay of relief goods and the time needed for information sharing by computer simulation.

Galvanic coupling intrabody communication (IBC) is a novel technique that uses the human body as a transmission medium, and it is suitable for connecting wearable and implantable sensors and devices. If galvanic coupling IBC transmitters can be used on an insulating layer such as cloth, not only does it become easy to use but also its application range is dramatically increased. In order to examine its communicability, this study analyzed the signal path loss in partially noncontact galvanic coupling IBC using a four-terminal circuit and a finite element model. In addition, the effect of an LC series-parallel interface circuit, which effectively injects the signal into the human body, was examined. The attenuation of the transmitted signal was approximately 20 dB higher than that of contact galvanic coupling IBC at 2 MHz. The addition of the interface circuit improved the attenuation by approximately 20 dB at a resonant frequency of 2 MHz and could compensate its increment of the attenuation.