The purpose of this study was to compare acquired and congenital blind players in order to provide case studies and multifaceted suggestions regarding image production in blind soccer play, using a combination of PAC analysis and questionnaire methods. The participants were one acquired blind player and one congenital blind player who shared the same gender, The results indicated that the acquired blind players used too much information from visual memory to generate images using the visual clues they had before their blindness, and that they needed to be taught to reconstruct the way they generated images using the information they had acquired after their blindness. In contrast, the congenitally blind athletes generated images using strategies based on self-concept frames that used echoes and kinesthesia. The congenital blind athletes’ difficulty in generating visual images recommended instruction that encourages the conceptualization of visual tasks. Thus, it was suggested that the information sources, strategies, and instruction for image production differed between the acquired and congenital blind players who were the subjects of this study.

Synesthesia is a phenomenon in which an individual, when processing information（e.g., letters）in their mind, not only processes that information in a general way（e.g., letters are recognized as letters）, but also experiences types of sensations and cognitive processing that are generally considered unrelated to that information（e.g., getting an impression of colors when looking at letters）. It is experienced by a small percentage of the general population. Many researchers have pointed out that synesthetic experiences and mental imagery are similar in that they are induced without any sensory stimulation. This paper reviews recent advances in synesthesia research, focusing on the empirical findings and theoretical considerations of the relationship between synesthesia and mental imagery.