[Purpose] Depression of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) under loading conditions has been reported for some time, but there is no clarity on whether this behavior of the arch differs between people with flatfoot and healthy subjects and how to analyze this behavior without radiation exposure and accurately. Hence, we aimed to clarify how arch behavior under loading conditions differs between high and low MLAs using ultrasound. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 20 university students (total, 40 feet). The ultrasound apparatus was used to calculate the height of navicular and medial cuneiform bone and the angle of the medial cuneiform bone. A specially made instrument was used, which made a probe move horizontally when the ultrasound was used. Based on the height of the arch in the standing position, the sample was divided into low arch group(LAG) and high arch group (HAG). [Results] In both groups, arch height reduced under the load. In LAG, there was a significant correlation between changes in heights of the medial cuneiform and navicular bones and in the medial wedge angle from sitting to standing (r = −0.74, P < .001; r = −0.50, P = .027); however, no significant correlation was observed in HAG. [Conclusion] This paper suggested that the result of this research will be the basic data necessary for understanding the windlass mechanism.

抄録全体を表示

[Objective]The purpose of this study was to clarify the trends of studies conducted in Japan on the standing movements of able-bodied subjects.[Methods] The Igaku Chuo Zasshi was searched for articles related to sit-to-stand, over a 10-year period from 2012 to 2021.The research trends of 60 selected articles were analyzed. [Results] The most common measurement methods were motion analysis, floor reaction force, and electromyography, in that order. Three-dimensional analysis was the most common method of motion analysis, followed by two-dimensional. Floor reaction force was most frequently measured with force plates, followed by center of gravity sway meters. Electromyography measurements were mostly conducted for the quadriceps muscles, followed by the tibialis anterior muscle. The knee joint was the most common site for measuring angles, followed by the hip joint. Center of pressure and center of gravity were frequently found in the analyses. Angles were most commonly studied regarding joints, followed by moments.

抄録全体を表示

[Objective] This study aimed to develop a scale (BDS) that assessed occupational therapy students' sense of difficulty with each item of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and examine its reliability and validity. [Methods] A questionnaire survey was administered to 232 subjects from two schools. The scale’s reliability was assessed via internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient). Retest reliability (agreement of scores and kappa coefficient) was calculated for each question item, and the schools were compared. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to interpret and name the factors for construct validity. [Results] Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 14 items was 0.845. The agreement rate for each item ranged from 66.7% to 80.3%, and the kappa coefficient ranged from 0.685 to 0.764. There were no significant differences between the schools for all items. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, three factors were extracted. [Conclusion] Occupational therapy students were suggested to divide their difficulties by the extent of interpersonal annoyance, rather than by the characteristics of the BPSD behaviors themselves. The results suggest that the scale used in this study has reasonable reliability and construct validity.

抄録全体を表示

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in research methods, including measurement methods and instruments, among previous studies that measured trunk rotation range of motion. [Methods] Using the Japanese Medical Journal Web Database, a search was conducted using the keywords “range of motion” and “trunk rotation.” Among the literature published between 2001 and 2021, 57 studies were identified and selected for analysis. [Results] It was found that in research regarding trunk rotation range of motion, various measurement devices, exercises, positions, and methods were used. [Conclusion] They were not using based on standards for the joint range of motion indications and measurement methods by “The Japanese Orthopedic Association” or “The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine”, and measurement devices and methods were specified based on the objectives of each study. It is necessary to develop and consider that make measurements methods of trunk rotation simpler and more reproducible.

抄録全体を表示

[Objective] In this study, we aimed to clarify the general situation of studies using heart rate variability as a physiological index for the reason of examining the physical condition of students in clinical practice. [Methods] Using the Web of Medical Journal, we read 57 original papers in the past 10 years until June 2021 using the keywords < heart rate variability, students < and the indices used in the papers. [Results] In terms of objective indices, heart rate variability and other indices were used together in most cases to assess autonomic nervous system activity. As subjective indices, original questionnaires utilizing the VAS and SD methods were most frequently used, depending on the purpose. [Conclusion] The method of evaluating autonomic nervous system activity using heart rate variability as an index is used in various fields, and heart rate variability, which is affected by many factors, is considered to be useful in verifying stress conditions and the like by evaluating multiple objective and subjective indices in combination.

抄録全体を表示

[Objective] In this study, we investigated the usefulness of providing “Valuable Occupations” to patients during the early stage of acute cerebrovascular disease as a component of client-centered occupational therapy. [Methods] A single woman in her 70s with left temporal/parietal lobe infarction was investigated in this study.“Eating, “cooking, and “handicrafts” were identified as “Valuable Occupations” per the Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice (ADOC) assessment; therefore, these activities were included in the occupational therapy program. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function tools were used for assessment of physical function, and ADOC-documented satisfaction to evaluate satisfaction with “Valuable Occupations.” [Results] In addition to improved upper extremity function, we observed improved patient satisfaction with “Valuable Occupations” In addition to improvement in upper extremity function, we observed improved patient satisfaction with “Valuable Occupations” and an increased likelihood of early discharge from the hospital. [Conclusion] We recommend introduction of client-centered occupational therapy that includes “Valuable Occupations” during the acute stage of the illness to enhance a patient’s sense of self-efficacy and predict his/her future to enable improved physical function, satisfaction with the operations, and facilitate early discharge from the hospital.

抄録全体を表示

In recent years, Asian countries have witnessed a rapid increase in the aging of society. Thailand, in particular, is aging rapidly, although the power of its social security system has been insufficient to keep up with this rapid aging trend. Under such circumstances, community-based care, rooted in the local community, is being implemented to care for the elderly. The author stayed in Thailand for approximately 20 days in March 2022 as a staff member of Nogezaka-Glocal, an international cooperation NGO in the field of community-based elderly care, to observe and conduct their training. Based on this experience, this report presents the possibilities of community-based elderly care activities that can develop in Thailand, which can help the elderly enjoy a higher quality of life, as well as suggestions for shaping the future of international cooperation.

抄録全体を表示