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Article type: Cover
1977 Volume 51 Pages
Cover1-
Published: March 20, 1977
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Article type: Cover
1977 Volume 51 Pages
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Published: March 20, 1977
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Torao MOZAI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
1-8
Published: March 20, 1977
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As Japan had continued the national isolation for 215 years from 1639, like a shut shell, there was little development in the art of navigation during those periods, and even a relapse was found in some respects. In 1854, Japan opened the country at last, as a result of an active inducement by U.S.A. So the most part of arts of navigation in Japan developed after this year. To say the truth, even in the age of her isolation, Japan had contact with Holland and China through the limited port of Nagasaki, all the time but on a small scale. Through this narrow gate, Japan learned the western art of navigation from Holland till the opening the country. The result of this learning was proved representatively by the voyage across the Pacific Ocean by KANRIN-MARU in 1860. After the opening the country in 1854, Japan learned most of the navigation arts from England. This is seen in the fact that so many technical terms for marine use in Japan are still in English. As for the nautical instruments used in Japan, too, most of them came from England in the first stage. But soon after, other countries joined, and the echo-sounder came from France, the pressure-log from Sweden and the gyro-compass from Germany and U.S.A. After this stage, Japan developed gradually her own ability of making the nautical instruments. On the other hand, the ship building industry also became prosperrous as time went on. Thus, Japan became able to develop most of her own science of navigation from around 1920. After the Second World War, the art of navigation showed admirable development in the whole world. The feature of this development was the technic of electronics. In this respect, the contribution of Japan was not so small. We can conceive three stages of development: (1) Adoption of electronic navigation. (2) Adoption of ship automation. (3) Adoption of computer for marine use. (The author reported about "Recent Achievement of ship automation in Japan" at Paris in 1967, but this time wants to take a bird's-eye view of the past and present development of the nautical instruments in Japan.)
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Shigeru ENZAWA
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
9-15
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yahei FUJII
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
16-20
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yukito IIJIMA
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
21-22
Published: March 20, 1977
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Hiroshi SUZUKI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
23-25
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yumio YONEZAWA, Uichi MIYOSHI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
26-31
Published: March 20, 1977
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Akira IWAI, Kuniharu OKUDA
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
32-38
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yukio TARUMI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
39-43
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yoshiro IIDA
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
44-51
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yutaka TANABE
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
52-61
Published: March 20, 1977
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Akio M. SUGISAKI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
62-63
Published: March 20, 1977
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Keizo SHIMIZU
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
64-69
Published: March 20, 1977
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Yahei FUJII
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
70-76
Published: March 20, 1977
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Taigi MOTOHASHI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
77-82
Published: March 20, 1977
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Goro KONDO
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
83-88
Published: March 20, 1977
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Article type: Bibliography
1977 Volume 51 Pages
89-130
Published: March 20, 1977
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H. OHNISHI
Article type: Article
1977 Volume 51 Pages
131-132
Published: March 20, 1977
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Article type: Appendix
1977 Volume 51 Pages
133-135
Published: March 20, 1977
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Article type: Cover
1977 Volume 51 Pages
Cover4-
Published: March 20, 1977
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