This paper identifies the impossibility of establishing clear criteria for over-diagnosis and under-diagnosis of developmental disorders and notes that the number of adults with developmental disorders who are currently receiving public services is smaller than expected based on epidemiological studies. In clinical settings, it is important to obtain a developmental history during the consultation in order to be aware of the difficulties experienced by the patient and thus to arrive at an individualized treatment plan. Similarly, diagnoses in clinical settings should not rely solely on the general diagnostic criteria provided by DSM-5; the case histories described by authors such as Kanner, Asperger and Wing also provide useful guidance for making appropriate individual diagnoses.

In this article, the outline of support for developmental disorders in childhood is first described and then the goal of developmental supports is mentioned. Developmental disorders cannot be completed within the support of specialized agencies, so it is necessary to promote regional shift and fostering of self-support ability. Self-support ability means the competence to live with minimal support even if there are uneven developmental characteristics. It is important to accumulate successful experiences in everyday life even with the help of supporters, to deepen self-understanding including developmental characteristics, and to set appropriate environments for their own characteristics.

Treatment of neurodevelopmental disorder (ASD) evaluates family functions when it is unable to attain the effects assumed at first from children's treatment, and when there is a problem with family function, it is effective for counseling by father / mother and couple If you can not get popular family therapy. Families with similar familial functions were collected from fathers' listening to their mothers and gathered their fathers who seemed to have the same qualities as their children and were "a father's association with children with puberty ASD". At the Center for Child Health and Development and the Donguri Psychiatric and Developmental Clinic, lectures and subjects such as social development, developmental disorders concept, communication, family / marital relationship, etc., about 30 minutes through discussion and assignment set through the opponent with the same qualities as discussion It is an attempt to notice self. The mother shows outcomes and guidelines for family members at outpatient clinic and is trying to restore family function. Since the influence of my mother's behavior to my father can not be ignored, I have started similar attempts to my mother. For family therapy in ASD, priority should be given to group therapy for fathers who are key members of their families, as mutual communication between families and care are not being done.

Often it is difficult to collect sufficient information about developmental history when adults with neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed. Therefore, it is sometimes difficult to discriminate between neurodevelopmental disorders and schizophrenia with a cross-sectional evaluation. Each autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder may coexist with schizophrenia. Thus, in clinical practice, first, attempts to discriminate between neurodevelopmental disorders and schizophrenia should be made, and secondly there should be diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorder comorbid with schizophrenia. Assessments by the Japanese Adult Reading Test and the Rorschach test likely be useful methods for helping to discriminate between autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We likely evaluate the attention function of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia objectively by event-related potentials. Diagnose with objective assessment tools is required for good treatment and support. Moreover, it is necessary to accumulate more evidence in various research areas and evaluate each patient carefully in clinical practice.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with significant in attention or/and hyperactivity-impulsivity in more than two areas within school, family, or workplace. Although this disorder frequently lasts into adulthood, recent cohort studies suggest that ADHD in childhood mostly attain remission until adulthood, and that some non-ADHD patients show significant ADHD symptoms in adulthood. The following study examined what kind of factors predict the continuity from childhood to adulthood. These results suggest the importance of severity of ADHD symptoms, and comorbid disorders (depression, conduct disorder) in prediction of continuity. For the proper diagnosis, history taking about childhood life events is critically important, however, it is sometimes difficult because of recall bias. In addition, some ADHD symptoms are quite similar to other psychiatric disorders. ADHD are often comorbid with mood or anxiety disorders. In these cases, outstanding symptoms should be treated first and the other disorder should be assessed and treated after remission of the first outstanding symptoms.

An increase in the number of outpatients visiting psychiatrists for neurodevelopmental disorders in recent years suggests the need for the fields of medicine, industry, and law to consider ways to competently understand and manage such patients. In the field of medicine, it is important to visualize and clarify what types of rules should be applied for admitting individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders to a seclusion room as well as what kind of state individuals must be in for them to be released from the seclusion room. In the field of industry, when signs of a neurodevelopmental disorder are observed in a patient granted leave of absence due to depression, considerations that take into account the characteristics of the disorder should be made to prevent the return-to-work program from becoming a source of distress to the patient. In the field of law, it should be recognized that individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders may be victims or perpetrators, and it should be considered that in either case, social communication impairments may lead to difficulties in describing circumstances and emotions at the time of the incident in question. This study discusses the points raised above through examples of fictional cases.

Integrating mental health into primary care is necessary to provide effective mental health services to those who need them. We report herein a three-month rotation in the department of psychiatry by a general physician. As a result, the resident reported becoming more aware of the inextricable link between physical and mental health, feeling more accustomed to social work and multi-disciplinary cooperation, and learning methods for managing delirium and applying them in community healthcare. The rotation also helped psychiatric care providers recognize both the general and specialized aspects of psychiatric care, improve physical care in the psychiatric ward, and share their knowledge about pitfalls with doctors not specializing in psychiatry. This experience led us to form the following hypotheses: 1) long-term rotation in a department of psychiatry during a general physician residency requires the presence of an attending psychiatrist who is competent to understand the limits of the residents’ psychiatric knowledge and to anticipate their needs; 2) although the residents’ experience with outpatients and diseases and their ability to generalize their experiences are limited, the duration of three months is adequate; 3) the curriculum setting requires individualization, and this process itself has intrinsic educational value.