An analysis of dynamic behavior is carried out in the case when dynamic load with central symmetry is applied on the inner surface of the cavity with central symmetry of a thick-walled elastic-work hardening plastic sphere. The static stress-strain curve for the material in simple tension is assumed to be a smooth curve, concave toward the strain axis. Formulas are derived of the propagation speeds of spherical waves in an isotropic elastic-work hardening plastic body. Ordinary differential equations are derived among physical quantities along characteristic curves. Formulas of propagation speeds of the spherical waves in approximate bodies such as the elastic-linear hardening plastic, the elastic-perfectly plastic, the rigid-work hardening plastic, the rigid-linear hardening and the rigid-perfect plastic bodies are derived from one in the elastic-work hardening plastic body. Calculated results are also presented on the basis of the propagation theory of the spherical waves in the elastic-work hardening plastic body.

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There are several factors that affect the strength of high-strength steel SCM435 as a sharp notched specimen in a hydrogen gas environment. In this paper, tensile tests were carried out in several hydrogen and helium gas environments. The examined factors were the gas pressure, the gas temperature, the cross-head speed and the notch root radius. The results of the tensile tests in the hydrogen gas environments showed a decrease in the tensile strengths for any given environmental factor. This was not observed in the helium gas environments. Additionally, by investigating the area of intergranular fracture, it was found that the tensile strength had a reciprocal relationship with the area of the intergranular fracture regardless of several environmental factors.

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In establishing a system to evaluate residual stress, it is important to design the system so that it can also evaluate the stress anisotropy, since this is introduced into metallic materials by surface processes such as grinding and polishing. The shearing stress is also an important parameter when the shear strength has to be considered, since tensile stress can cause stress corrosion cracking. Thus, a method to nondestructively evaluate the stress anisotropy and shearing stress in a short time is required. In this paper, a nondestructive eddy current method using a tangential-rectangular coil was used to accomplish this. The material under test was stainless steel, Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) SUS316L, ground or polished by an angle grinder. The stress anisotropy caused by the grinding and polishing processes was evaluated by the eddy current method with the tangential-rectangular coil. To vary the stress state, some specimens were treated with cavitation peening after grinding with the angle grinder. The results demonstrate that the stress anisotropy, shearing stress and peening intensity can be evaluated by the eddy current method using the tangential-rectangular coil. From the results, it was concluded that the maximum shearing stress and the direction of the principal stress could be determined.

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Quick and automatic inspection of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) aircraft after each flight would reduce the safety factor and allow for more flights. Visualization of impact damage was developed in an earlier study as an automatic self-monitoring method. The damaged area was visualized by selective and intense resistive heating based on its decreased through-thickness resistivity compared to undamaged areas. In the present study, the lightning protection system of a composite aircraft was used to apply a uniform electrical current distribution and electric heat to a large structure. Subsequent coupled thermal-electrical analyses showed that even small indentations (depth <0.15 mm) could be relatively easily detected in structures about 1 m in size.

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Micro Spark Coating (MSC) has been developed as a new functional coating process for Ni-based superalloys used in advanced gas turbines. In this study, some metallurgical and mechanical properties of a MSC layer made of a Co-based wear resisting alloy (X40), and its influence on the high temperature fatigue properties of Ni-based superalloy, Alloy718, were investigated. Prior evaluation of the metallurgical and mechanical properties of the MSC layer that the cavity fraction of MSC layer significantly decreased during the thermal exposure period at 650°C associating with the generation of an oxide phase, progressive sintering and the subsequent increase in hardness and elastic modulus of MSC layer. However, at 480°C these changes were not significant even after 1000hrs exposure. It was found from the high temperature fatigue tests at 480°C and 650°C that the fatigue life of the specimen with MSC layer was almost comparable to that of bare Alloy718 specimen at 480°C, while at 650°C the life of the former was slightly longer than that of the latter. These results suggested that the MSC would have a potential to add a new function to Ni-based superalloy without a reduction in fatigue properties at elevated temperature.

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The deposition mechanism of the cold spray (CS) technique is investigated numerically using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The CS process is simulated by modeling the impact of a spherical Al-Si powder particle on a mild steel substrate. In this work, the adhesive interaction between the contacting surfaces is described by intersurface forces using the cohesive zone model. Simulation results show that successful bonding is achieved above the critical velocity, but rebound was observed at high velocities. This indicates that optimum deposition is achieved only within a certain range of particle velocities. The simulated deformed particle shape evolution and estimated critical velocity from other sources were compared and good agreement was obtained. The analyses demonstrate the feasibility of the presented SPH methodology and the adhesive interaction model for simulating the deformation behavior of CS particles.

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