In order to elucidate the surface uitrastructure in blastocysts recovered from the rabbit on Days 5 and 6 of pregnancy, this study was conducted by the use of scanning electron microscopy.
1. The blastocyst covering was lack of uniformity, and constituted with two thin layers.
2. The trophoblastic cells had a polygonal appearance although each cell varied in shape and size. Each of them was covered with slender microvilli.
3. The cells of inner cell mass made a group of cells as a disk. Each cell varied two types. The large cells were covered with some short microvilli, and the small cells had shorter one.

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Positioning mechanisms with the resolution of micro-meter order are required for precise cell manipulation in biotechnology. Conventional hydraulic manipulators and electromagnetic ones have following two problems:(1) The performance of manipulation depends on operator's skill.(2) It is difficult to insert a capillary into elastic membrane of a cell, and the cell is sometimes destroyed. A new micro-manipulator and micro-injector for cell manipulation are introduced in this paper. These are driven by the precise positioning mechanism utilizing rapid deformations of piezoelectric elements, which have high positioning resolution. This micro-manipulator can insert a capillary into elastic membrane of a cell smoothly and seldom damage membrane, because this mechanisms uses impacts caused by rapid deformations of piezoelectric elements. This micro-injector can inject less volume per pulse than the conventional ones. Therefore these mechanisms solve previous problems. They are very simple, compact and suitable for cell manipulation and its automation.

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ハムスター卵子の体外受精におよぼすサイトカラシンBの影響についべた. サイトカラシンB (1.0-10.0ug/ml) を含む培養液に排卵卵子を2間感作させた後にcapacitationを誘起させた精子を用いて体外受精を行なっ結果、どの処理群においても高い多精子受精 (53-82%) を示した。一方conrolにおける多精子受精は僅かに6%であった. また、媒精後30分に卵子細胞層における表層顆粒を観察したところ、controlの卵子においては表層顆粒とんど見られなかった. 一方、サイトカラシンB処理を行なった各群の卵おいては大多数の卵子において多数の表層顆粒が観察された.

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