野外教育研究
Online ISSN : 1884-4677
Print ISSN : 1343-9634
ISSN-L : 1343-9634
11 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の2件中1~2を表示しています
  • 田中 廣喜
    2008 年 11 巻 2 号 p. 1-12
    発行日: 2008年
    公開日: 2010/10/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Comenius wrote in “Didactica Magna” that we should construct educational system, method and technique that were based on nature. In this paper I summarize Comenius'view on nature in the following five points. “Nature is the root of all matters.” “Nature is the power to grow up.” “Nature is the order of all matters.” “Nature is the natural object and the knowledge.” “Nature is God.” And, I clarify the relationships between the educational technology and nature.
    So, I clarify how to learn from nature on these five views on nature. They are as follows. “How to recognize nature.” “How to induce it from various matters of nature.” “How to analogize the ratio with nature and education.” “How to imitate nature.” “How to make the model of nature.” “How to learn from nature as a teacher.” “How to learn from nature as a guide.” “How to agree with a growth process of nature.” “How to deduce from nature.”
    In addition, I take from “Didactica Magna” concrete description examples to study from nature.
  • 井村 仁
    2008 年 11 巻 2 号 p. 13-27
    発行日: 2008年
    公開日: 2010/10/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    It has long been assumed that the term, “yagai kyouiku, ” or “outdoor education” was first used in Eiji Ukai's 1923 book entitled Nihon arupusu to rinkan gakkou (The Japan Alps and Forest School) . However, as computerization of reference documents and database management technologies have rapidly advanced, the objectives of this study were to examine documents from the Meiji and Taisho eras, and clarify the documentation of the history of “outdoor education” in Japan by determining when the term was first used, and its meanings.
    The term “outdoor education” was first used in 1907 in reference to soldier training by the Japanese armed forces. The term was used when referring to training in the field, in contrast to indoor training. In addition, it was Hugh Broughton, in The Open Air School (Yagai gakkou) , translated in 1919 by the Osaka Anti-Tuberculosis Association, who used the term “outdoor education” in a way close to the current terminology. In this book, the term “outdoor education” was used in reference to forest schools and seaside schools. Thus, the term's use in reference to forest schools had been used 4 years before Ukai. However, the term “outdoor education” was not generally recognized to mean education that took place outdoors. Other terms such as “yagai kyouju” (“outdoor teaching”), “yagai kyouji” (“outdoor instruction”), and “yagai gakkou” (“outdoor school”) were also used in the same way.
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