Journal of Prosthodontic Research
Online ISSN : 1883-9207
Print ISSN : 1883-1958
ISSN-L : 1883-1958
最新号
選択された号の論文の19件中1~19を表示しています
Guest Editorial
Editorial
Letter to the Editor
Review articles
  • Se-Lim Oh, Shahriar Shahami, Lilia J. Bernal-Cepeda, Yunting Fu, Man-K ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 4-11
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/05/22
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: This study aimed to provide the latest updates on the therapeutic effectiveness of keratinized mucosa (KM) augmentation using autogenous soft tissue grafts for dental implants retaining prostheses.

    Study selection: A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted on autogenous soft tissue grafts to create and/or augment KM for functioning dental implants. Two investigators independently extracted data from the selected 11 clinical studies, including 290 participants, from the initially retrieved 573 publications.

    Results: A lack of KM surrounding dental implants was associated with greater mucosal inflammation. A free gingival graft (FGG) was used to increase the KM width, and a connective tissue graft (CTG) was used to manage peri-implant mucosal recession (MR). The weighted mean gain in KM was 2.6 mm from the selected FGG studies, with a significant reduction in mucosal inflammation and no changes in crestal bone levels for up to 4 years. The weighted mean reduction in MR was 2 mm in selected CTG studies.

    Conclusions: A lack of KM negatively affects soft tissue health around dental implants. FGG was effective in increasing KM and reducing mucosal inflammation, whereas CTG was effective in decreasing MR.

  • Yoshiaki Arai, Makiko Takashima, Nanaka Matsuzaki, Sho Takada
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 12-20
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/06/26
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: Marginal bone loss (MBL) occurs in the periapical cervical bone after dental implant placement and abutment connection. MBL may not result in peri-implantitis; however, it is always accompanied by MBL. Recent studies have demonstrated that early MBL is a predictor of peri-implantitis. In this narrative review, we aimed to provide an evidence base for recommended treatment strategies for clinicians to prevent MBL.

    Study Selection: We reviewed the recent literature and performed a narrative synthesis of the evidence, focusing on available systematic reviews and meta-analyses of implant marginal bone resorption.

    Results: The available evidence indicates that certain biological, material, and technical factors can influence MBL and consequently dictate the risk of developing peri-implant disease in later years. The order of the impact of the strength of each factor is unknown. Current recommendations to prevent MBL include controlling patients’ smoking and hemoglobin A1c levels to sufficiently low levels before surgery and throughout their lifetime. Regarding the material, a platform-switching, conical-connecting implant system, and an abutment with a height of at least 2 mm should be selected. Placement should be performed using techniques that ensure sufficient soft tissue (keratinized gingival width > 2 mm, supracrestal tissue height > 3 mm), and non-undersized preparations in the cortical bone should be made with connected concave abutments during primary or secondary surgery. Patients should receive supportive peri-implant therapy during maintenance.

    Conclusions: MBL development is multifactorial and can be reduced by considering the biological, material, and technical factors.

Original articles
  • Ami Tanaka, Tomohiro Kawaguchi, Ayaka Ito, Kota Isshi, Ippei Hamanaka, ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 21-29
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/04/19
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the shear bond strength of ultraviolet (UV)-polymerized resin to 3D-printed denture materials, both with and without post-polymerization. Moreover, the effects of surface treatment and thermocycling on shear bond strength after post-polymerization were investigated.

    Methods: Cylindrical 3D-printed denture bases and teeth specimens were prepared. The specimens are subjected to two tests. For Test 1, the specimens were bonded without any surface treatment or thermal stress for comparison with and without post-polymerization. In Test 2, specimens underwent five surface treatments: untreated (CON), ethyl acetate (EA), airborne particle abrasion (APA) with 50 μm (50-APA) and 110 μm alumina (110-APA), and tribochemical silica coating (TSC). A UV-polymerized resin was used for bonding. Half of the Test 2 specimens were thermocycled for 10,000 cycles. Shear bond strength was measured and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Steel-Dwass tests (n = 8).

    Results: In Test 1, post-polymerization significantly reduced shear bond strength of both 3D-printed denture materials (P < 0.05). No notable difference was observed between the denture teeth and the bases (P > 0.05). In Test 2, before thermocycling, the CON and EA groups exhibited low bond strengths, while the 50-APA, 110-APA, and TSC groups exhibited higher bond strengths. Thermocycling did not reduce bond strength in the latter groups, but significantly reduced bond strength in the EA group (P < 0.001).

    Conclusions: Post-polymerization can significantly reduce the shear bond strength of 3D-printed denture materials. Surface treatments, particularly APA and TSC, maintained bond strength even after thermocycling.

  • Marko Turkalj, Siemon De Nys, Lode Godderis, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Bart V ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 30-40
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/04/12
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: To assess elution from direct composite materials for provisional restorations and compare them with elution from direct restorative composites for permanent restorations.

    Methods: Two dual-cure (Integrity Multi-Cure and Tempsmart DC) and two self-curing composites (Protemp 4 and Structur 3) were used, with Essentia serving as a reference. Cylindrical specimens (n=20) were cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions; the dual-cure materials were prepared in both self- and dual-curing modes. Elution experiments were performed using water and absolute ethanol. The samples were incubated at 37 °C for either 24 h or four weeks; the extraction solvents were refreshed weekly. The eluted BisEMA (-3 / -6 / -10), BisGMA, CQ, UDMA, and TEGDMA were quantified using UHPLC-MS/MS.

    Results: Monomer elution was detected in all provisional composites at 24 h and four weeks, but the amounts released did not exceed those released by the reference composite. When prepared in self-curing mode, Integrity Multi-Cure exhibited significantly higher elution of BisEMA-3, -6, and -10 in ethanol both after 24 h and cumulatively after four weeks. Self-cured Tempsmart DC released significantly more CQ, TEGDMA, and UDMA in both water and ethanol after immersion for 24 h and four weeks, along with significantly more BisGMA in ethanol both after 24 h and four weeks comparison to dual-cured Tempsmart DC (two-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey, P < 0.05).

    Conclusions: Provisional composite materials did not elute higher amounts of monomers than a restorative composite. Dual-cured materials, prepared in the self-curing mode, show a trend towards higher monomer elution.

  • Kandula Uday Kumar Reddy, Aqshat Seth, Amol Vuppuluri, Piyush Chandra ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 41-48
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/05/22
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: This study explored the bio-mechanical properties of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and carbon fiber reinforced-PEEK (CFR-PEEK) as potential alternatives to traditional dental implant materials, such as titanium (Ti) and zirconia (ZrO2). Conventional implant materials often exhibit stress shielding leading to peri-implant bone loss and implant failure.

    Study selection: Finite element analysis using a three-dimensional computer-aided-design (3D CAD) model of the jawbone with various implant materials (titanium, zirconia, PEEK, and CFR-PEEK) incorporated was implemented to assess the effectiveness of PEEK and CFR-PEEK. Two loading conditions (50 and 100 N) were applied in centric (case-1) and eccentric (case-2) to mimic the oral loading conditions.

    Results: Titanium and zirconia implants were found to exhibit higher levels of stress shielding and therefore pose greater risks of bone loss and implant failure. Conversely, CFR-PEEK implants demonstrated more-uniform stress distributions that reduce the likelihood of stress shielding compared to their conventional counterparts; consequently, CFR-PEEK implants are particularly suitable for load-bearing applications. Furthermore, maximum strain values on PEEK-implanted cortical bone reached a state of adaptation, referred to as the “lazy zone” in which bone growth and bone loss rates are equal, indicating PEEK’s potential for a long-term implant utilization.

    Conclusions: PEEK and CFR-PEEK implants are promising alternatives to conventional dental implants because they provide stress shielding and promote bone health. Improved stress distribution enhances long-term success and durability while mitigating complications, and highlights their applicability to dental implant procedures.

  • Rijkje A. Bresser, Jelte W. Hofsteenge, Gerrit J. Buijs, Carline R. G. ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 49-57
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/04/27
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: This observational retrospective clinical study aimed to investigate the survival and success rates of partial indirect lithium disilicate restorations with margins extending above or beyond the cementoenamel junction (CEJ).

    Methods: The study included patients who underwent partial indirect lithium disilicate restorations with immediate dentin sealing (IDS) between January 2008 and October 2018. All the restorations were placed in a single general dental practice following a standardized protocol. The impact of various predictive variables on the survival rates was assessed. Moreover, modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria were used to evaluate the survival quality.

    Results: Totally 1146 partial indirect lithium disilicate restorations in 260 patients were evaluated over an average period of 7.5 years. The cumulative survival and success rates were 97.3% and 95.3%, respectively. Margins extending beyond the cemento-enamel junction did not increase the risk of success or survival failure (P > 0.05). Patients with a high risk of caries, male sex, or non-vital teeth had a significantly higher risk of restoration failure (P < 0.05). Restorations with longer clinical service times exhibited marginally lower clinical quality (P < 0.001).

    Conclusions: Partial indirect glass-ceramic restorations demonstrated survival and success rates of 97.3% and 95.3%, respectively, over an extended period. However, a higher risk of restoration failure existed in patients with a high caries risk for (pre)molars that had undergone endodontic treatment and in males. In terms of the risk of success or survival failure, comparable results were obtained for the positions of the restoration margin in relation to the cemento-enamel junction.

  • Feng Yang, Yanxiao Du, Zheng Zhang, Mengya Wang, Wenjie Yin, Zheren Z ...
    2025 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 58-67
    発行日: 2025年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2025/01/03
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of functional loading on microgaps and microleakage at implant-abutment interfaces (IAIs) in the aesthetic zone when using different abutments and to provide a clinical reference for abutment selection.

    Methods: This study included 30 patients with 36 implants divided into three groups: zirconia (Zr)-one-piece custom abutment, titanium (Ti)-custom abutment, and Ti-original abutment. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine alterations in the microgaps at the IAIs under functional loading. Changes in the bacterial endotoxin levels within the inner cavities of the implant were evaluated using a quantitative chromogenic Tachypleus amebocyte lysate test. These findings were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 18.0.

    Results: Before functional loading, there were no significant differences in the microgaps between groups (P > 0.05). In the Zr one-piece custom abutment group, the lingual microgaps significantly increased after 24 months of functional loading (P < 0.05). The bacterial endotoxin content significantly increased after 24 months of functional loading compared to the pre-loading levels (P < 0.05); however, no statistically significant difference was observed among the groups (P > 0.05).

    Conclusions: Considering the limitations of this study, individualized one-piece Zr abutments exhibited a significant increase in lingual microgaps and comparable changes in microleakage to Ti abutments after 24 months of functional loading. Patients should be alert to the potential risks associated with the use of these abutments when they have heightened aesthetic expectations during functional loading.

  • Yu-Hsiang Chou, Wei-Lin Hsiao, Chun-Jung Chen, Ying-Chu Lin, Pei-Feng ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 68-75
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/08/27
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: Poor contour of the implant restoration causes plaque accumulation and increases the risk of peri-implantitis. This study aimed to investigate whether the prosthodontic components of dental implants were associated with the prevalence of peri-implantitis.

    Methods: We enrolled 185 patients with 348 implants who underwent at least 1-year follow-up after the delivery of the prosthesis from February 2010 to January 2021. Demographic data of the patients and implants and the follow-up period were recorded. The emergence angle, type of cervical crown contour, and contour angle were analyzed using annual bite-wing radiographs. Peri-implantitis in this study was diagnosed if the peri-implant bone loss was greater than 2 mm between the bite-wing radiographs taken at baseline and the latest. Chi-square test, two-sample t-test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to investigate the differences and odds ratios between the peri-implantitis and non-peri-implantitis groups.

    Results: The incidence of peri-implantitis was 14.9% during a follow-up period of 1509 days after the delivery of the prosthesis for at least 1-year. Based on the prevalence of non-peri-implantitis and after adjusting for confounding factors, the risk factors identified were bone types for implants (native bone vs. alveolar ridge preservation: adjusted odds ratio = 2.43, P = 0.04). Sex, arch, and guided bone regeneration vs. alveolar ridge preservation have the potential for a statistical difference.

    Conclusions: Compared with implants at alveolar ridge preservation sites, implants in the native bone were more prone to peri-implantitis. Further randomized controlled trials are required to determine these associations.

  • Yuu Hashimoto, Yasunori Umemoto, Shigeru Suzuki, Yuri Miyazaki, Yukihi ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 76-81
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/07/17
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: Acute stroke often leads to dysphagia. In the oral stage of dysphagia, there is a potential for immediate benefit from using a palatal augmentation prosthesis (PAP). We investigated whether our quickly fabricated, simple, and expedited version of PAP would result in an immediate improvement in swallowing function after an acute stroke.

    Methods: We analyzed the records of stroke patients that were hospitalized between October 2019 and March 2022 and met the following criteria: they had a rehabilitation prescription and had paralysis of facial or hypoglossal nerves and either repeated salivary swallowing test ≤2 times or modified water swallow test ≤3, they were fasting, were within 3 weeks of onset, and had a simple PAP made for them. Outcomes included with/without PAP, maximum tongue pressure, repeated salivary swallowing test, and modified water swallow test on the day after starting to wear PAP was started. In addition, within one week, a videofluoroscopic examination was performed to measure the oral transit time, pharyngeal transit time, and penetration aspiration scale. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

    Results: Fifteen patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. The mean age of the subjects was 76.9 ± 9.0 years. The use of PAP significantly increased maximum tongue pressure (P < 0.0001*) and shortened oral transit time (P < 0.0091*). There were no significant differences among the other items.

    Conclusions: Simple PAP immediately increased the maximum tongue pressure and improved swallowing function during the oral stage.

  • Jing Wang, Chao Xie, Hongbo Wei, Zhuo Yu, Dehua Li
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 82-90
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/09/03
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    電子付録

    Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of keratinized mucosa (KM) augmentation with different techniques for the treatment of dental implants based on risk assessment.

    Methods: Thirty-nine patients who underwent KM augmentation at implant sites in the posterior mandible were included. Three techniques were used based on anatomy-guided risk assessment: an apically positioned flap (APF) alone, an APF plus a free gingival graft (APF plus FGG), and an APF plus a collagen matrix (APF plus CM). Clinically effective KM augmentation was defined as remaining KM ≥ 2 mm after the intervention. The effective rate, implant/prosthesis survival rates, and bone/soft tissue parameters were analyzed. The correlation between local anatomical characteristics and different techniques was also determined. The associations between the effectiveness of KM augmentation and related factors were analyzed using a linear model.

    Results: Overall, 74 sites received KM augmentation in the posterior mandible, for an effective rate of 94.6% at the 1-year follow-up and 93.2% at the 5-year follow-up. The KM width in the APF plus FGG group (3.85 ± 1.22 mm) was greater than that in the APF alone (3.05 ± 0.90 mm) (P = 0.016) and APF plus CM (3.21 ± 1.17 mm) groups (P = 0.038) at 5 years post-surgery. There was no significant difference in the effective/ineffective outcomes at the 1-year or 5-year follow-up among the three groups.

    Conclusions: Comparable effective outcomes were achieved with three KM augmentation techniques following the decision-making criterion based on risk assessment.

  • Tomoya Gonda, Hitomi Togawa, Kazunori Ikebe
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 91-96
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/06/12
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: The present clinical study aimed to investigate the load exerted on abutment teeth in patients with distal extension edentulism, with and without a removable partial denture (RPD).

    Methods: A total of 55 volunteers with distal extension edentulism who were fitted with an RPD participated in the present study. Occlusal force was measured by having the patients bite down on an occlusal force measuring sheet, and the occlusal forces on both the abutment teeth and the entire dentition with and without the RPD were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < 0.05). The occlusal forces on the abutment and non-abutment teeth were also compared.

    Results: The median total occlusal force with the RPD in place was significantly greater than that without the RPD, while the median occlusal force on the abutment teeth without the RPD in place was significantly greater than that on the abutment teeth with the RPD. The occlusal forces on the abutment teeth were significantly greater than those on the non-abutment teeth.

    Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, we found that the occlusal forces were greater on the abutment than the non-abutment teeth, and that RPDs may reduce the occlusal forces on abutment teeth.

  • Li-Tzu Wang, Sin-Ei Juang, Hsuan-Hao Chang, Ai-Chia He, Wei-An Chen, Y ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 97-109
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/09/03
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    電子付録

    Purpose: The innate immune response, particularly the reaction of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), is crucial in shaping the outcomes of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or osseointegration following biomaterial implantation. Peri-implantitis or peri-implant mucositis, inflammatory conditions linked to dental implants, pose a significant threat to implant success. We developed a single-cell analysis approach using a murine model to assess the immune response to implant materials, offering a practical screening tool for potential dental implants.

    Methods: We performed bioinformatics analysis and established a peri-implant inflammation model by inserting two titanium implants into the maxillary region, to examine the immune response.

    Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that titanium implants triggered a host immune response, primarily mediated by PMNs. In the in vivo experiments, we observed a rapid PMN-mediated response, with increased infiltration around the implants and on the implant surface by day 3. Remarkably, PMN attachment to the implants persisted for 7 days, resembling the immune profiles seen in human implant-mediated inflammation.

    Conclusions: Our findings indicate that persistent attachment of the short-living PMNs to titanium implants can serve as an indicator or traits of peri-implant inflammation. Therefore, analyzing gingival tissue at the single-cell level could be a useful tool for evaluating the biocompatibility of candidate dental implants.

  • Ivan Onone Gialain, Marlene Kasumi Gantier-Takano, Leonardo Folmer Ro ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 110-119
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/07/17
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of bone loss around single short molar crown-supporting implants in an atrophic mandible.

    Methods: Implants of different lengths (L = 4 or 6 mm) and diameters (Ø = 4.1 or 4.8 mm) were placed in the molar area of an atrophic mandible. Additional control mandible models were simulated for 4.1 mm diameter implants (L = 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm). A vertical masticatory load of 200 N was applied to three or six occlusal contact areas (3ca or 6ca) of the prosthetic crown. The bone strain energy density (SED) of 109.6 µJ/mm3 was assumed to be the pathological threshold for cortical bone. The peri-implant bone resorption risk index (PIBRri) was calculated by dividing the maximum SED of the crestal cortical bone by the SED pathological threshold.

    Results: Increasing the implant length from 4 to 6 mm, implant diameter from 4.1 to 4.8 mm, and number of contact areas from 3 to 6 reduced the SED and PIBRri values by approximately 20%, 35%, and 40%, respectively, when comparing pairs of models that isolated a specific variable. All models with 6ca had a low bone resorption risk (PIBRri<0.8), while the Ø4.1 short implant with 3ca had a medium (0.8≤PIBRri≤1.0) or high (PIBRri>1.0) resorption risk.

    Conclusions: Increasing the diameter or occlusal contact area of a 4 mm short implant in an atrophic mandible resulted in reduced bone resorption risks, similar to or lower than those observed in a regular mandible with standard-length implants.

  • Tahrim Akter, Makiko Takashima, Yoshiaki Arai, Nanaka Matsuzaki, Yuta ...
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 120-126
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/06/26
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Purpose: Occlusal overload can cause late implant loss. However, whether the magnitude of the occlusal force is a risk factor for late implant loss remains unclear. Thus, this clinical study aimed to determine the relationship between the gonial angle (GoA), which is associated with the magnitude of occlusal force, and late implant loss.

    Methods: All implants with fixed prostheses placed at the Niigata University Hospital between April 2006 and August 2019 were included in this retrospective study. The implants with and without late loss were compared. Relevant variables, including smoking habits, diabetes mellitus status, remaining dentition, implant length and diameter, prosthesis design, retention systems, splinting, and GoA were assessed. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and to calculate the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for late implant loss.

    Results: A total of 919 patients (349 men and 570 women) with 2512 implants were included in this study. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that a 10° decrease in the GoA (aHR, 1.588; 95% CI, 1.115–1.766; P = 0.010), smoking habits (aHR, 3.909; 95% CI, 2.131–7.168; P < 0.001), and male sex (aHR, 2.584; 95% CI, 1.376–4.850; P = 0.003) were significantly associated with late implant loss.

    Conclusions: Within the limitations of this retrospective study of 2512 implants, smaller GoA, smoking habits, and male sex were risk factors for late implant loss.

Case report
  • Jiakang Zhu, Jian Wei, Annikaer Anniwaer, Cui Huang
    2024 年 69 巻 1 号 p. 127-132
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2025/01/10
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2024/07/17
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス

    Patients: An 18-year-old woman sought treatment for caries of the anterior teeth after completing orthodontic treatment. Direct composite resin restoration was chosen because the patient preferred a minimally invasive and cost-effective treatment whenever possible. Based on diagnostic wax-up, veneer-shaped indices for composite resin injection were designed to replicate and restore tooth defects rapidly and accurately. The overall esthetic result was excellent after a 1-year of follow-up.

    Discussion: Direct freehand composite resin restorations are clinically challenging. The recently proposed 3D printing index for the composite resin injection technique is helpful for direct restoration but is challenging to remove. The veneer-shaped indices avoid the formation of an undercut in the direction of removing the index, making them easy to remove after finishing the restorations.

    Conclusions: Using veneer-shaped indices for composite resin injection enables rapid esthetic rehabilitation of labial tooth defects caused by caries. This approach reduces chairside time and operational difficulty while allowing for easy index removal after completing the restorations.

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