In this study, we focused on side-cavity zone in open-channel flows, and effects of sedimentation on horizontal circulation structure and related mass-exchanges were considered on the basis of the measured data obtained by the laboratory experiments. The both of primary gyre and secondary one are observed in the flat-bed and downward slope conditions, and in contrast, the only primary gyre appears in the upward slope condition. It was found that these formations of the horizontal circulations play significant roles on the mass transfer properties between the mainstream and the embayment. Furthermore, a new physical model which predicts a mass transport velocity reasonably was developed by referring to a surface renewal model.

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 A groundwater recharge model is developed and applied for urban hydrological analysis. The set-up of this model is based on urban landscape GIS delineation that faithfully describes the complicated urban land use features in detail. The model consists of an effective rainfall model considering three types of infiltration families, saturated and unsaturated water flow model, and ground water model. The infiltration responses to long/short term rainfalls were simulated considering installed/without infiltration facilities, and assuming additional installation of infiltration facilities for buildings and roads. The simulation indicated that the developed model could quantitatively estimate the efficiency of infiltration facilities.

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 In this paper, we propose a method that catchment storage capacity and final infiltration capacity are estimated from land use for distributed hydrological model. First, we show a background and a purpose of this paper. Secondly, we outline our distributed hydrological model. Thirdly, we explain the proposed method. Fourthly, we prove that the proposed method is effective through experiments which real data is used. By using the proposed method, we will be able to set the catchment storage capacity and final infil-tration capacity quickly, and make a good runoff calculation. Finally, we comment on respects in which the proposed method is improved and on future prospects.

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