All issues
Volume 15 (2005)
- Issue 4 Pages 284-
- Issue 3 Pages 183-
- Issue 2 Pages 93-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 15, Issue 2
- Tributes to the Late Professor Syun-iti Akimoto -
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
Reviews-Tributes to the Late Professor Syun-iti Akimoto-
-
Takehiko YAGI2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 93-99
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is a short review of the history of developments in high pressure in situ X-ray diffraction experiments using multi-anvil apparatus, and the role of the late Professor Syun-iti Akimoto in this field. A “DIA-type” apparatus developed in Japan has combined with synchrotron radiation and successfully completed as “MAX-80” apparatus. This technique was transferred to other countries and have made further progress. Prof. Akimoto has played a very important role in these developments.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K) -
Osamu SHIMOMURA2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 100-105
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe first system with DIA type apparatus for synchrotron radiation study named MAX80 was installed at the Photon Factory in 1982. In this article, progress of the kick-off, planning, designing, construction and commissioning of MAX80 is briefly introduced. High pressure X-ray studies have suffered from the weak diffraction intensities, and synchrotron radiation was greatly expected to be a bright X-ray source. This makes the construction of MAX80 as a nation-wide project for high pressure community. Prof. S. Akimoto played an inevitable role, especially in the stage of beginning, in the construction of MAX80.View full abstractDownload PDF (880K) -
Eiji ITO2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 106-111
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this article, the recent standard scenario for formation of the solar system was briefly reviewed, focusing on accretion of the terrestrial planets. The final stage of accreting Earth is characterized by an impact of a Mars-sized planetary embryo, which results in lunar formation. The giant impact, on the other hand, brings extensive melting to the Earth, and a deep magma ocean covers the early Earth. Therefore the primordial state of the evolving Earth is to be decisively controlled through a cooling process of the magma ocean. Chemical fractionation of the mantle in the magma ocean was discussed based on the results of high-pressure melting experiments on mantle materials up to 35 GPa. Importance of melting experiment on Earth’s materials at higher pressure was emphasized in understanding the evolution of the Earth.View full abstractDownload PDF (991K) -
Masaki AKAOGI2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 112-119
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhase equilibria of materials at high pressures and high temperatures are determined by high-pressure and high-temperature experiments, and also by thermodynamic calculation with calorimetric data. The thermodynamic calculation is very useful to examine whether the experimentally determined phase relations are in equilibrium with sufficient accuracy, and to determine the equilibrium phase boundary at pressure-temperaure conditions where equilibrium is difficult to attain in high-pressure experiments. The issues are illustrated in coesite-stishovite transition and rutile-αPbO2 transition in TiO2. Calculated boundaries of postspinel transition in Mg2SiO4 are shown to compare with experimentally determined boundaries along with evaluating effect of cation-disorder in spinel on the boundary slope.View full abstractDownload PDF (491K) -
Nozomu HAMAYA2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 120-125
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPresence of molecules in a crystal structure produces structural and electronic anisotropy. Such anisotropy can be a cause to yield various novel high-pressure phenomena in molecular crystals. They include pressure-induced metallization, amorphization and recrystallization, molecular formation/dissociation, superconductivity and amorphous-amorphous transition. This report reviews high-pressure behavior of molecular crystal SnI4 which does show those phenomena.View full abstractDownload PDF (378K) -
Kay KOHN2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 126-131
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrystals with both dielectric and magnetic ordering simultaneously have attracted much interest of the researchers for a long time. In such crystals, we can expect various phenomena coming from strong interplay between the two different orders, such as suppression of dielectric constant and electric polarization reversal by magnetic field, etc.. Recent developments in this field are reviewed in this article, which is particularly concentrated on BiMnO3 and related perovskites, and rare earth manganites RMn2O5.View full abstractDownload PDF (620K) -
Yuh FUKAI2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 132-138
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEfforts to synthesize and characterize metal-hydrogen alloys over wide ranges of composition, temperature and hydrogen pressure are described, taking examples mostly from our own experiments. General trends in the phase diagram of M-H systems include (a) drastic melting-point reduction, (b) transition to close-packed structures (hcp, dhcp and fcc) with dissolution of hydrogen, and (c) appearance of an eutectic liquid phase at high H concentrations. Thus, possibilities of synthesizing H-rich alloys at high hydrogen pressures are envisaged. A brief recollection of collaborative work with Professor Akimoto on the Fe-H2O reaction and its implication for the Earth’s core formation is also made.View full abstractDownload PDF (462K)
Reviews
-
Akio SUZUKI2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 146-155
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis article reviews the density and viscosity of magma and metallic liquid at high pressure and high temperature. Because magma and metallic liquid have played important roles in the Earth’s history, we have investigated the physical properties of such liquids at high pressures and high temperatures. Density measurement of liquid is now mainly carried out by the sink/float method and the X-ray absorption method. Falling sphere method is applied to measure the viscosity. The newly established radiography system at SPring-8 enables us to measure the viscosity in situ up to 13.1 GPa and 2470 K.View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
Takanori HATTORI2005 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 156-163
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigate pressure-induced structural changes in liquids of tetrahedrally bonded materials by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The liquids show various structural changes, depending on their ionic characters in the chemical bonds. The liquids with a small ionic character, such as GaSb, InSb, and InAs, show continuous structural changes over a wide pressure region of about 20 GPa. In contrast, those with a large ionic character, such as CdTe and AgI, show drastic structural changes within a narrow pressure region of about 2 GPa. We discuss the effect of the ionicity on the pressure-induced structural changes in the liquids and compare the effect with that in the crystalline phases.View full abstractDownload PDF (757K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|