The Review of High Pressure Science and Technology

Foreword

Foreword

Hiroki TAKAHASHI

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 1-2
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.1

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Reviews—Various Phenomena and Its Applications of Hypervelocity Impact—

Hypervelocity-Impact Damage of Ceramic Materials

Nobuaki KAWAI

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 4-12
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.4

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Ceramic materials have been a promising candidate for structural materials under severe conditions. While metals are large components of spacecraft, ceramic materials are often significant components of optical and thermal protection systems of space structures. Because these ceramic materials are much more sensitive to hypervelocity impact than metals, it is important to verify their reliability against the impact of space debris and micrometeoroids. In this article, two studies which are conducted to investigate the damage behavior of ceramic materials subjected to hypervelocity impact are described. First one is the impact-damage evaluation on silicon nitride ceramics which is used for a new advanced ceramic thruster. Second one is the high-speed imaging of impact damage evolution in SiO₂ glass which is the primal optical material of space structures.

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High-Velocity Impact Phenomena in the Solar System Related to the Origin and Evolution of Planets

Masahiko ARAKAWA, Minami YASUI, Yu-ri SHIMAKI

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 13-20
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.13

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In this article, recent studies on impact cratering and impact disruption of planetary bodies are reviewed. A widely accepted scaling law for impact cratering is introduced to discuss the effects of material strength and planetary gravity on the crater formation process. A sophisticated scaling law for impact disruption is also introduced and we notice that non-dimensional impact stress is useful parameter to describe the catastrophic disruption. The impact strength of icy bodies, meteorite parent bodies and primitive asteroids are studied by using various materials simulating them, and these results are explained briefly.

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Local Damage of Concrete Plates Subjected to High-Velocity Impact and Its Evaluation Procedure

Masuhiro BEPPU

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 21-28
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.21

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In this article, local damage of a concrete member subjected to high-velocity impact by a rigid projectile and an evaluation method for the local damage were presented. Characteristics of the local damage of concrete were examined by conducting high-velocity impact tests. Considering the strain rate effects and pressure dependency of concrete, numerical simulations were conducted and the failure mechanism of the local damage of concrete was investigated. An evaluation procedure based on the failure mechanism was introduced and applicability of the procedure to previous test data was examined.

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Ejecta Size Distribution by Hypervelocity Impact

Masahiro NISHIDA

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 29-34
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.29

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In this article, ejecta size distribution was examined when polycarbonate spheres struck thick aluminum alloy targets at very high velocities. The size and mass of the ejecta fragments collected from the test chamber were also measured. The ejecta size distributions depended on the aluminum alloy types of targets. The ejecta fragment size was proportional to the cubic root of the impact energy.

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Mechanism of Ballistic Limit Curve of Whipple Bumper Shield and Numerical Analysis Method on the Phenomena Accompanied by Fragmentations and Phase Changes

Masahide KATAYAMA, Atsushi TAKEBA, Kumi NITTA

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 35-41
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.35

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After reviewing the history and mechanism of Whipple bumper shield to protect spacecrafts from the hypervelocity impact by micrometeoroids and orbital space debris, this paper proposes and demonstrates the methodology on the determination of ballistic limit curve of Whipple shield only by numerical analyses by using a hydrocode: AUTODYN. In the numerical method, fragmentations and phase changes of projectile and target materials are taken into account.

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Reviews

Fusion of High-Power Laser and Bright Coherent Light Source in Ultrahigh Pressure Research

Norimasa OZAKI, Ryosuke KODAMA

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 42-47
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.42

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High-power laser irradiation creates extremely higher-pressure and density conditions in materials than conventional pulsed-power devices. Here we present new experimental results on ultrafast solid-solid phase transformation of silicon from semiconductor to metal and laboratory synthesis of a water-rich extrasolar planet. These interdisciplinary works motivate new experiments using an emerging, intense and coherent light source as observation tool in order to reveal new behavior and/or diversity of material under tera-Pascal pressures and femtosecond dynamics.

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Note

Application of High-Pressure Treatment to Sterilization of Foods

Atsushi KOBAYASHI, Mariko KAWAMURA, Eri OHARA, Miyuki OGINO, Jun HOSHI ...

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 48-51
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.48

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This paper described the cases where a high-pressure treatment of 200 MPa was found to be effective against the two typical heat-resistant spores, B. subtilis and B. cereus when conducted as a pretreatment step before heat sterilization at 90 to 100℃. In addition, when the B. cereus was used as the indicator, it took 36 minutes (D=3 min.) to complete the heat sterilization at 100℃, whereas the holding time of only 6 minutes (D=0.5 min.) was enough to achieve sterility by using the Hi-Pit (high-pressure induced transformation) effect.

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Laboratory News

Chemical Physics under Extreme Conditions Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo

Toshiyuki SUGIMOTO

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 52-53
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.52

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Salon

Report on the 51th European High-Pressure Research Group Meeting

Hitose NAGARA

2014 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 54-55
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: March 20, 2014

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.24.54

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