Postmortem livers from 38 cases were histologically examined to assess relative importance of hepatic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) for liver dysfunction after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Hepatic GVHD, based on the finding of bile duct atypia, was present in 24 of 25 cases with clinical signs of GVHD (acute 14, chronic 11), and in none of 13 cases without clinical GVHD. Of the 25 cases with clinical GVHD17 (68%) had veno-occlusive disease (VOD), and 12 (48%) had opportunistic viral infections (cytomegalovirus 7, varicella-zoster virus 3, adenovirus 1, herpes simplex virus 1). Hepatic peliosis was present in two cases given azathioprine to suppress chronic GVHD. Azathioprine was also causal factor for the late occurrence of VOD in three cases. Extensive hepatocellular necrosis in the centrilobular region was found in a case treated with cyclosporin-A (CsA).
All of the seven cases with hepatic failure had serious complications including VOD, peliosis, CsA hepatotoxicity and viral hepatitis either alone or in combination. In contrast, these hepatic comlications could not be found in five cases whithout cholestasis in the liver. Our results suggest that factors other than GVHD are responsible for severe cholestatic dysfunction of the liver.

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Sixteen skin biopsies taken from 10 patients received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation were studied immunopathologically to reveal cellular characteristics of inflammatory lesions in these skins. They consisted of three stage +, three stage ++, one stage +++ and two stage ++++, together with four chronic GVHD and three lacking obvious characteristic changes. A large part of inflammatory cells in basal layer and epidermis, the very site where GVHD occur, are shown to bear suppressor/cytotoxic T cell marker, while most of the helper/inducer type T cells and My-4 positive histiocytes were located in upper dermis and not along basal layer. NK cell marker was not demonstrated in these infiltrating lymphocytes, while a part of them bore activated T cell marker and NKH-1. On epithelial cells, the HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigens were demonstrated only where GVHD reaction is present.

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Discordant malignant lyphoma composed of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHD) which occurred in a 38 years-old Japanese male is reported. He suffered from slight fever (38°C), general fatigue since December 25 in 1985. Thereafter, axiller and inguinal lymph nodes swelling was noticed. Because of systemic lymph node swelling with anemia, he was hospitalized in Nagai City Hospital 2 weeks later. Cervical, axillar and inguinal lymph nodes were excised. He was received chemotherapy (Adr, End. Prd. L-Asp). 6 months after, he was transfered to Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital. In spite of chemotherapy, he died of a clinically suspicious perforation of alimentary tract in January 1986. Autopsy was not permitted. Resected cervical and inguinal nodes revealed scattered mononucleated Hodgkin's (H) cells and multinucleated Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells with intermingled lymphocytes, eosinophils and plasma cells, so they were diagnosed as HD, mixed cellularity (MC) type. Axillar node showed a diffuse proliferation of small and large mononucleated cells with prominent nucleoli, without diagnostic H cells and/or RS cells, and diagnosed as NHL, diffuse, mixed. Immunohistochemically, some of H cells and RS cells in cervical and inguinal nodes were positive for B1, MB1 and polyclonal cIgs (IgG, A, κ/IgG, A κ, λ). On the other hand, tumor cells in axillar node showed monoclonal cIg (IgG, κ). In the nodes of HD, there were small number of medium sized cells, which had a nucleus with prominent nucleolus and dispersed chromatin and were positive for B cell markers (B1, MB1) and polyclonal cIgs (IgG, A, κ/IgG, κ λ). LeuM1 was not detected in H cells, RS cells and diffuse lymphoma cells. This case was suggestive that some sort of HD was of lymphocyte origin and has some possibilities to develop a simultaneous progression to diffuse lymphoma.

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Forming granulomatous lymphadenitis with monocytoid B lymphocytes (MBL) foci was studied with special referance to the cat scratch disease (CSD)
The 12 cases consisted of 8 male and 4 female, and their ages ranged from 8 to 53, and 4 had history of cat scratching and 1 had a trauma.
Histologically, the lesion was comprised of suppurative granuloma, surrounded by layers of palisaded histiocytes. In addition to these findings, reactive follicular hyperplasia, multiple small clusters of epithelioid histiocytes and proliferating foci of MBL were recoginized in all cases.
In 6 cases, pleomorphic bacteria were demonstrated with the Warthin-Starry silver stain. Toxoplasma and chlamydia were negative in all cases with immunoperoxidase method.
These findings indicate that some cases of abscess forming granulomatous lymphadenitis with MBL would be included in CSD.

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Effect of two groups of stimulant, fMLP and lectins, on the movement of rat lymphocyte was investigated in a modified Boyden's apparatus. Lymphocyte suspension was put in the upper chamber, and after incubation, the number of lymphocyte in the lower chamber was counted to determine the migration rate. The stimulants were added either in the lower chamber only or in both chambers.
Lymphocytes showed two types of movement, random movement and chemotaxis. When stimulated by lectins (PHA and ConA), lymphocytes increased a random movement, which depended on the concentration of the lectin but not on the concectration gradient. On the other hand, when stimulated by fMLP, lymphocytes increased a chemotaxis, which depended on the concentration gradient of fMLP but not on the concentration itself.
From the results, it was concluded that lectins could increase the locomotion of rat lymphocytes, and that the lymphocytes had two types of movability, a random movement and chemotaxis.

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