The current study examines structural reorganisation in tendon fascicles under tensile loading conditions. Using confocal microscopy to image the collagen fibre structure, it analyses collagen movement in response to tensile strain, to examine the mechanisms of extension employed by fascicles. Data demonstrates an inhomogeneous strain response throughout the matrix and large variability between samples. Local strains were significantly smaller than applied values. However, extension was enabled by rotation of the sample, and relative sliding between adjacent collagen fibres. Data highlights the non-homogenous strain environment of fascicles and indicates a possible helical organisation of the matrix throughout the tendon hierarchy.

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The human hearing function is a complex system that can be described by fields of molecular and systems biology, medicine, physics, acoustics, and mechanical and electrical engineering. One engineering field that combine many, if not all, of the above is biomedical engineering. This report will describe the hearing function, or parts thereof, from a biomedical engineering point of view.

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Experiments are in preparation to allow measurement by particle image velocimetry (PIV) of fluid flow fields through the wall of a collapsible tube while it performs flow-induced oscillations. The experiments pose various problems, and our solutions to these, some of which have yet to be tested, are discussed.

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A CFD tool was applied in this study to appreciate the flow patterns and performance of vertical ArchGraft and angled ArchGraft. The simulation results show that the flows pass through the angled ArchGreft have been obviously improved. The angled ArchGraft will be able to appropriate to variety situation in medical treatment.

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