Engineer education is an important topic for both academia and industry. This panel discussion is planed to discuss the future of the engineer education between industry and academia with five panelers invited from industry, and academia. The discussion focuses on the project management for engineer education. Because most product development requires the ability of for project management as well as basic engineering knowledge to the engineers.

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The meaning of knowledge of sufficient important that it defines a major branch of philosophy-epistemology, "the branch of philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge, its presuppositions and foundations, and its extent and validity." Epistemology has traditionally defined knowledge as justified true belief or warranted belief, although those terms apply only to what is known as prepositional knowledge. Polanyi clearly views explicit and tacit knowledge as fundamental, essential, and inseparable components within the overall process of knowing. This paper provides a virtual reality-based design review and job training system for advanced manufacturing skill, which is composed of the explicit and tacit knowledge transfer system using synchronized multimedia and the knowledge internalization system using portable virtual environment. In our proposed system, the education content is displayed in the immersive virtual environment, whereby a trainee may experience the virtual site operations. Provided that the trainee has gained explicit and tacit knowledge of advanced manufacturing through the multimedia-based knowledge transfer system, the immersive virtual environment catalyzes the internalization of knowledge and also enable the trainee to gain tacit knowledge before undergoing on the job training at the actual operation site.

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[in Japanese]

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Recently, it has been required to develop a very complicated product in a short term. To meet this demand, further development of design support systems is expected. This paper considers the functions which the next-generation design support system should equip, by investigation of past design examples of failure, from the inclusive viewpoint of conceptual, detailed, and production design phase. As a result, two fundamental demands for the next-generation design support system was derived: one is to embed process models of each design phase, including knowledge and know-how, and the other is to realize communication among CAD, CAM, CAE, and FA. The broadly-defined CAD including CAD, CAM, CAE, and FA, turned out to be necessary, which equips functions for satisfying the above two demands.

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It is needed for next generation of CAD system to be able to handle various types of design information and to be used from initial conceptual design stage. The purpose of this study is to construct a supporting system to assist the designers' mechanism creation processes. First, requirements for the mechanism are classified into two; those are "requirement related to behavior" and "requirement related to constraint", "requirement related to behavior" is composed by I/O relation, element of shape, and principle of behavior. Therefore, these elements and constraint are introduced for explaining the mechanism. Then, these four elements are analyzed by using mechanism handbook. Finally, requirements for supporting system are described.

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To efficiently develop artifacts requires engineers well handling of a variety of design knowledge. Functional knowledge that includes design rational is one of the most important knowledge among them because of involving designers' intention, reason why they selected the way, or why they tried to avoid problem, and so on. Ontological engineering that we have created and developed for years provides designers a guideline to clarify functional knowledge. It is, however, hard to pervasively build, share and reuse them without specific technical support environment. Therefore we created such technology that supports designers in utilizing functional knowledge by combination of ontological engineering and text mining technology. In this paper, we discuss how we skillfully extract and organize functional knowledge from technical documents, and how designers can easily apply such kind of knowledge to design of artifacts on conceptual design phase.

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The knowledge about functions of artifacts shows an important aspect of designer's intention. A taxonomy of generic functions plays a crucial role in managing the functional knowledge and its sharing in organizations. The mapping between different functional taxonomies improves its interoperability. This article discusses a mapping between the reconciled functional basis proposed by Hirtz et al. and our functional concept ontology. For bridging the ontological gaps between those functional taxonomies, the mapping is based on a reference ontology of function that defines upper-level categories of functions. The mapping is utilized for the semantic search of technical documents based on functional metadata. It enables users to search for documents independently of functional taxonomies used in the metadata.

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We proposed the method which collects the analogous failure reports using text-processing and ontology. The method has two steps. First, text-processing for the failure reports is performed. By analyzing the result of text-processing, the malfunction information is normalized to a pair of component and malfunction. Second, the words which have similar meaning to the user query are listed by ontology. The analogous failure reports are retrieved by these words from the malfunction information. Proposed method is evaluated using actual report in a shipyard. The result shows the proposed method can obtain failure reports which cannot be found by full-text search.

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Although fault tree analysis (FTA) is an effective method of ensuring security and safety of a product by identifying possible causes of faults, it is not easy for a designer to construct a complete fault tree without any misunderstanding or oversight. To solve these problems, the authors propose a new design knowledge management approach called quantity dimension indexing and computerized support for FTA such as the consistency verification and construction advice of fault trees. By analyzing fault trees based on actual design activities in a company, the possible feasibility and future promise of the proposed approach are indicated.

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Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is a quality improvement and risk assessment tool commonly used in industry. Recently it can be said that FMEA could prevent a trouble in design process before it happened. We're using FMEA to improve new design of transmission in our development process. However, our design engineers take much time to generate many documents of FMEA and to review these in JATCO. In this paper we make a decision on these problems in actual design process of JATCO, and propose the improvement method of FMEA. We conform that the method is accuracy and efficiency in design process to simulate the design of the vehicle model (toy) running by charging battery.

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Any engineering analysis model is indispensable to predict the behavior of a product for its rational evaluation and optimization. In the process of modeling engineering analysis, an engineer makes modeling idealizations or assumptions, which depend on a various factors of design, such as the kinds or types of products, the objectives of the engineering analysis or design time constraints. Because the knowledge of engineering analysis exists in modeling process, it is important to capture and manage the process. This research aims to develop the framework that captures and manages the process of modeling engineering analysis. This paper proposed a description format of modeling process called Engineering Analysis Modeling Matrix (EAMM). Three modeling levels, i.e., conceptual model, mathmatical model and computatinal model, and three modeling aspects, i.e., target objects, governing principles and behavior, are defined in order to describe modeling process. A modeling example of heater analysis shows the EAMM's capability as a foundation of the management framework of engineering analysis modeling knowledge.

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Collaboration of companies or divisions within an enterprise for product manufacturing is a potentially useful concept when developing new products and technologies. However, one obstacle to successful collaboration is the reluctance of participants to provide valuable proprietary information to other members of the project, their desire to avoid divulging knowledge or information that would compromise competitive advantages. In this research, we evaluate the usefulness and importance of participants' knowledge and developed techniques, as well as the outcome of collaborations, and present a more efficient and equitable framework for collaborative product development. An example of a collaboratively developed beam design is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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This paper discusses an advisory system for arc welders where various and mutually related manufacturing conditions play substantially. The situations include the needs for parameter estimations that cannot be specified directly by them. The system is based on the welding case data and they can solve the troubles in welding operations and/or welding process planning by comparing with the success cases. In the paper, welding cases are defined in XML, which is suitable for the comparison. Actually, the comparisons are shown to the welders in three-dimensional graphs as well as one table. Besides, notes, a kind of manufacturing knowledge, representing the reasons of the phenomena and the conditions are supplied with the graphs. The knowledge documents are composed of the metadata in RDF and can be used flexibly and effectively in searching. The welders can correct the conditions properly based on the documents derived from the system.

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In conceptual design phase, if designers are much more conscious of design objectives, they won't come up with various ideas about new product. On the other hand, using brainstorming allow to get various ideas, but to get a lot of unavailable ideas together. In this study, we propose the method that supports generating various and effective ideas in conceptual design. In the last our study, we have proposed conceptual design support method using Data Envelopment Analysis. The last method's approach is using several evaluation values to fill the gap of palate frontier. But it was too difficult for subjects to use this approach in the experiment. Proposed method in this paper supplies key words. These key words are made of calculated component values using made nonlinear mathematical model of relation between component and evaluation of idea with Neural Network. We confirm that the method is useful in terms of simplicity of generating various and effective ideas.

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In robot soccer systems, intellectually collective and cooperative actions by two or more robots are needed. The robots are adjusting their knowledge, skills and plans for a common goal. Thus studying robot soccer systems is a typical theme on multiagent systems. The purpose of our research is to get the knowledge about designing excellent multiagent systems. We investigated the effectiveness of Penalty Avoiding Profit Sharing (PAPS) by applying it to a soccer game simulation software, "SoccerBots". In this paper, we implement the result of learning in the simulation to soccer robots using Lego Mindstorms NXT, and we report the effective of learning system in real world.

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We propose a new type variable hump system that can control its height in order to improve characteristic of conventional rigid humps and to realize characteristic of an ideal hump. There is a problem that the controlling effect of the speed of the vehicle is controlled by the specification of the passed vehicles, because conventional humps are a rigid body. The height of this hump is varied by adjusting the resisting force of a semi-active hydraulic shock absorber according to the kind of vehicles and their passing speeds. Using a simple dynamic model of the hump system, we evaluated effectiveness of this hump system with a semi-active hydraulic shock absorber.

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The purpose of this research is to make a simple model the flexible anisotropy structure extending its axis, and to analyze dynamic behavior and the stable region making use of the model at initial design stage. The objective structure of this research is an ultra-lightweight antenna for the space-magnetosphere observation with 5m length under a plan to launch by JAXA. The antenna is simply modeled as a structure of the massless anisotropy beam whose length and the rigidity change with time and of the rigid body disk at the top of beam whose mass also change with time. The analyses of the antenna tip trajectory and the stable rotational region is done in consideration of inertia force in the direction of extension and the rotation side. Moreover, we make an experiment model whose length can change while rotating and we capture tip trajectory using image analysis of movies. In comparison of experimental result with analytical one, it is found that both results agree well.

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The optimization of designing of Engine Room is to be important for user's benefit and construction cost. But, usually Engine Room is only based on designer's experience and know-how. In this paper, Optimization of arrangement for equipments is described as the beginning of optimization of designing of Engine Room. Therefore, we proposed new optimization method using the equipment module. By this module method, the equipment module became the minimum. Minimization of Engine Room is possible by minimization equipment module.

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In recent years, compliant mechanisms have drawn attention as innovative mechanisms to replace traditional rigid-rink mechanisms. Compliant mechanisms are mechanisms that utilize a structure's elastic deformation to achieve a specified motion instead of relying on joint movements. Such compliant mechanisms consist of a monolithic structure and, compared to rigid link mechanisms, have various advantages, so broad range of applications can be expected. In this research, we focus on a vehicle suspension system as a promising application of a compliant mechanism and develop a new method for designing compliant suspensions based on our two-stage compliant mechanism design method, which can consider several design requirements unique to a practical vehicle suspension system.

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Topology optimization using beam elements has been developed about stiffness problem. Fast convergence and good results are obtained using CONLIN (Convex Linearization). However, it is difficult to apply this optimization to vibration problem. A layout on the way of optimization is drastically changed due to the exchange of order among eigenvalues. As a result, optimization scheme can not search the optimal layout. In order to overcome the above problem, we propose layout optimization of reinforcement structure. Topology optimization about vibration problem can be solved like stiffness problem by keeping main structure and changing beam element as reinforcement parts. Firstly, we show the formulation of optimization. In this problem, shell elements are not design variables and beam ones are design ones. Then, we demonstrate this method using a basic plate structure with reinforcement parts.

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There are more than 100 design variables and 2000 constraint conditions in designing mid-ship section of ship structure, and hence, it is very difficult to determine all design variables with satisfying all constraint conditions and having a reasonable value of objective function, or construction cost. Since this kind of optimization problem has so many design variables and a huge number of constraint conditions, it takes unbelievably large computational effort for obtaining an optimal solution when all design variables are solved simultaneously. A multi-step optimization method is introduced here with the aim of reducing the computational time. Since the design process of a mid-ship section is divided into three stages, double bottom, bilge hopper tank and topside tank stages, traditionally, three-step optimization may be rational and is introduced. But, when design variables in each step are determined separately, the solution obtained after the final step is far form the optimal solution obtained by solving all design the variables at once. In order to resolve this problem, characteristic design variable method is introduced and investigated here. The proposed method gives good solutions with satisfying all constraint conditions and having reasonable value of the objective function instead of solving all design variables at once. Genetic algorithm is used for optimization procedure in this study.

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A structure optimization for the initial design of ship is under consideration in this paper. A bulk career is selected for the object of the optimization. Both the sizes and the plate thicknesses of a bottom structure of ship are taken as design variable simultaneously. Individual mesh sub-division technique and multi-point constrain method are introduced for making this optimization possible. In order for reducing computational effort, a sensitivity analysis is used instead of FEM, and the validity of using it is examined. Computational results are compared with a real ship data and a great performance is observed for the optimal design with considering the size and the plate thickness of a ship structure. Genetic algorithm is used for this optimization in this study.

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Design process of a product or product characteristics can be formulated in different ways. In order to develop design optimization system, it is required to define optimization problem based on different design formulations of same product characteristics because differences of formulations produce a big influence on the optimum solution. Therefore, it is important to examine the validity of the formulations of actual design activities. In this paper, design simulation system to examine the validities of formulations is developed, in which designer attempts various formulations of design activities and system automatically execute optimizations based on the input given by the designer. Moreover, some different formulations on ship initial design are evaluated by using the proposed system.

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Faculty of Engineering at Hiroshima University participates in JAPAN INTERNATIONAL BIRDMAN RALLY every year since 2002. The human-powered aircraft consists of various members, but main wing is the most important part which produces necessary lifting power most effectively so that human-powered aircraft flies in the sky in that. A ready-made thing has been used for the air foil of the main wing till now. Therefore optimize the whole main wing as a new trial, and finding the air foil of the most suitable solution of this study is aimed. Air foil is expressed with a NURBS curve and XFOIL is used for two-dimensional fluid analysis in this study. As an optimization technique, GA is used. Lift produced by the whole main wing and a moment hanging to the wing root are constraint conditions. The objective functions are that the drag in installation attack angle of 3 degrees is minimized to have high performance in a design speed and that the lift drag ratio from an attack angle 0 degrees to 5 degrees is maximized to have more stable wing performance. And then, the most suitable solutions for two cases are derived. In this study, fluid analysis is limited to a two-dimensional problem and the structural consideration is ignored. In addition, in consideration of a fluid characteristic, two kinds of objective functions are introduced and each solution is found. The comparison and the examination of obtained solutions are performed, and the characteristic of each solution is observed to get. Previously, evaluation of the performance was performed so far after having decided air foil. However, air foil which matched a designed purpose was able to be found. As a result of the optimization in this study, a characteristic was found in each solution.

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A new concept called Compatibility appeared in the field of automobile designs. Compatibility designs require to protect not only the safety of the own driver and passengers but also that of driver and passengers in another car at collision. There are not so many researches on compatibility design of cars and the performance indices to evaluate the compatibility have not been fully studied among them. In this study structural interaction problem between front strength members of mutual cars are of interest as one of significant problems. Five performance indices are shown and discussed through crash numerical simulations making use of detail FEM models. Then crash numerical simulations are carried out using two models and virtual barrier to measure the crash load distribution in stead of loadcells.

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Manufacturing industries recently have shifted from being simple sellers to service providers to meet various needs of customers. Customer value is enhanced by advancing quality of service. For improving service, service designers need to consider characteristics of service that are, for example, human element and personal attention in addition to functional aspects. Generally, service is improved depending on designer's view point and as occasion arises. In this paper, we clarify what is changed/good about excellent service cases by describing the cases with Service Engineering model. Our purpose is to sort out the necessary points for improving service and systemize approaches in improvement design. As a result, service designers can establish design strategy toward enhancing customer value.

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To reconsider the current mass production paradigm, manufacturers need to make their products have more added values largely from knowledge and service contents to compensate volume reduction under the concept of dematerialization. According to this background, Product-Service Systems (PSS), that create value by combining a product and service, have been attracting attention and several methods have been developed to evaluate PSS from the aspect of environmental burden. However, these methods are not necessarily appropriate to enable designers to find a concrete point to be improved. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to evaluate functions of a service from the viewpoints of customer value and environmental burden. Furthermore, based on the evaluation result, we propose recommendation strategies to improve the design solution.

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In order to realize the sustainable manufacturing, we need to realize the good balance of environmental and economical efficiencies in business. The purpose of this study is to propose the methodology about generation of business ideas that change existing business to environmentally conscious business (or eco-business). Especially in this study, we focus on two stages of idea generation, i.e., divergence and convergence thinking stages. In the divergence stage, the system helps a designer to generate ideas as many as possible by using the rules for eco-business. In the convergence stage, the system helps to extract hopeful ideas from these ideas by categorizing and qualitatively comparing ideas.

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This paper proposes a method for describing product life cycle scenario and a description support system for the life cycle scenario. Our idea is that a designer can determine the life cycle strategy easily by describing the life cycle scenario. We define a representational scheme of the life cycle scenario and developed the support system based on the design rationale. In this paper, we employ Trueth Maintenance System (TMS) to the description support system for the management of alternatives of scenarios. This system enables the user to select the best solution more efficiently.

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The impact design on the disposal process referred to as the late stage of the product life cycle, is becoming important. Product lifecycle management tools based on the 3Rs, reuse, recycle, and/or reduce, using existing design technologies is needed. To consider environmental loads at the early stages of product design leads to significant reductions in the environmental loads for the whole product life cycle. In the present paper, we propose a design system that helps the designer to consider environmental loads at the early stage of product design using a combination of 3D-CAD and an application of evaluation methods for determining environmental loads. Our proposed system compiles existing evaluation formulae and material data for the environmental loads. Designers just create the 3D-CAD solid model which has the attribute information in the 3D-CAD model itself, such as designer's intention, disposal process, material properties, and so on. The present study applies the proposed system to the evaluation of the environmental loads of an example problem, that is, an office chair model created using 3D-CAD.

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In order to solve environmental issues, transition form conventional business to sustainable business is eagerly required. In order to promote sustainable businesses, it will be effective to support finding out sustainable business ideas based on general rules derived from existing ones. To this end, this paper proposes a pattern language for sustainable businesses consisting of 16 general rules, which are derived from 130 examples of sustainable businesses in Japan, in relation with 19 business parameters that describe the structure of utility values, environmental load and cost throughout whole life cycle of corresponding products. Idea generation procedure based on these rules is also illustrated with a simplified example of a laptop computer business.

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To make products have more added values largely from knowledge and services, service engineering is proposing a method for combining products and services at highly level. When customers use products and services, the customer owes not only a monetary cost but also a lot of non-monetary costs: a time loss, a psychological and physical load, etc. Since such non-monetary costs have a great influence when the customers compare several services, service providers need to take into account them. This paper aims at proposing a model for describing non-monetary costs and classification of them. The presented method is verified through its application to a food processing machine.

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Recently, a new academic field, "service engineering" has been very actively investigated. However, there are few effective software tools to simulate and evaluate services designed based on the concept of service engineering. In the past, the authors proposed a service flow simulation method using scene transition nets(STN) which is a graphic modeling and simulation method for discrete-continuous hybrid system. However, this method cannot simulate complex service flows including customers' decision-making. Nowadays, it turned out that mechanism of reinforcement learning concerns behavioral selections of customers. In this paper, the authors propose to develop decision-making processes models of customers and to simulate customers' behaviors and service flows by using reinforcement learning models and STN.

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In general, customers evaluate intangible elements (service activities) and tangible elements (products) in conjunction. From this standpoint, the design of service activities and products should be integrated in order to maximize customer value, considering the mutual effects of synergy, alternation and complementarity. However, currently service activities and products are generally designed separately by different players. The objective of this study is to enable close collaboration between marketers and engineers during the design phase. This paper explains a method to integrate representation of service activity and product behaviour, and verifies the modelling ability of proposed method.

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We have proposed a method that models services from the viewpoints of function, human activity, and product behavior. This paper proposes another method to analyze and evaluate structures of service process described with the modeling method. In the proposed method, three indices regarding process are introduced; visibility to customer, interactivity with customer, and degree of customer participation. Through an application, it is found that the method is useful to get ideas for improvement of services according to customer value.

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In order to realize a creative design, it is thought to be important to unify the knowledge from different knowledge areas flexibly. The computer environment that supports designers in an integrated way has been developed. The extended method of the knowledge representation forms for increasing the usefulness of the hypothetical knowledge from the knowledge tagged with vocabulary information was proposed. However, the current method isn't always capable of obtaining the useful knowledge, since it doesn't consider the context. In order to acquire the hypothetical knowledge adapted to the context efficiently, the tagging technique based on the attribute of a vocabulary and the reasoning using it are effective. In this paper, the authors propose knowledge representation forms for tagging physical quantity based on vocabulary describing knowledge, and verify the usefulness of the proposed method.

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A service is recognized as an important element in many industries, and its effectiveness is imperative in order to make industries more competitive. Designers, however, are still generally developing new services or improving existing ones for specific purposes. Service Engineering provides a methodology from the viewpoint of engineering and makes it possible for service designers to develop design solutions without relying on trial and error. In general, a service design solution frequently has various kinds of conflict, and such conflicts make it difficult to implement the service. Namely, the quality and efficiency of design largely depend on how rapidly designers can find out and solve them. In this paper, the authors introduce a methodology of supporting design, which enables designers to find out the existing conflicts by using lexical expression of functions in design solutions on computer. At the end, the verification of the proposed method is carried out, applying it to the existing case.

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This paper deals with optimum design problems of an active variable trapezoidal hump. The objective function to be minimized is the difference between the maximum accelerations of the driver for the hump and those for an ideal hump. Design variables are the full length, the flat length and the height of the trapezoidal hump. In this paper, we give the height of hump upper and lower limits. As a result of the optimization, it is clarified that the optimum dimensions of the hump were obtained, and the optimum active variable hump was able to have an ideal characteristics.

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Conventional hydraulic shock absorbers cannot cope with various conditions, and their resisting forces etc. become worse. As a solution of the problem, we have studied on a hydraulic shock absorber with bypass orifice. This shock absorber is a metering pin type with a bypass orifice, which is installed in the metering pin. The hydraulic shock absorber has a semi-active function and its orifice areas are variable. We experimented on various conditions, such as collision masses and orifice areas of the hydraulic shock absorber. As a result of a drop test, we confirmed the difference of the characteristics of the resisting force depends on orifice area. In addition, we compared experimental values with calculation ones using a dynamic model, and identified parameters, such as cushion, restoring force of air spring and coefficient of discharge.

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We deal with the resisting force of a semi-active shock absorber with magnetorheological fluid. The MR shock absorber has coils. In theory, the resisting force of the shock absorber depends on some orifices and the magnetic field of coils of the MR shock absorber adjusted by the electric current. We use two types of electromagnets made of carbon steels for machine structural use. We examine the difference of the resisting force between S25C and S45C using a drop test. As a result, it is clarified that S45C is superior for material for electromagnets of MR Shock Absorber than S25C.

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To evaluate environmental consciousness of products, we propose a new efficiency index named 'total performance indicator (TPI),' which simultaneously considers cost, environmental impact and value. In this paper, we propose applying TPI to manufacturing processes. Bottlenecks in enhancing performance can be clarified by calculating the TPI of segment processes. This paper analyzes an actual manufacturing process, and determines a segment process that does not contribute much to creating product value but causes considerable environmental impact and cost. The clarified segment process should be improved. By evaluating manufacturing processes using this approach, designers can determine which process is really 'eco-efficient.'

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In the styling design, a mathematical formulation of the macroscopic feature that emerges from the total of shape elements is important. However, the mathematical formulation of macroscopic feature is difficult using conventional microscopic shape information such as dimension and curvature. We examined the mathematical formulation of macroscopic feature "complexity." This paper describes the guideline for mathematical formulation of macroscopic feature in consideration of "circumstance" and "boundary," and the cognition experiment for the mathematical formulation of macroscopic feature "complexity."

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This paper describes a basic study on evaluation method of drinking ease with biological information. The purpose of this study is to develop evaluation method of beverage containers in order to consider a feeling of satisfaction and comfortableness when drinking from the opening of aluminum bottles. Myoelectric potential as biological information is used to evaluate physically. In order to find relations among mouthful beverage amount, myoelectric potential and subjective evaluation, we have measured myoelectric potential when subjects swallowed a beverage with different opening diameter, and subjective evaluation from a questionnaire survey.

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An active guide system has been developed to suppress vibrations of elevator cars. When elevators travel at high speed, horizontal vibrations of the car occur due to guide rail deformations, and the ride quality deteriorates. Human beings are sensitive to horizontal vibrations around 2Hz, and therefore, we need to design controllers of an active guide system taking into consideration human sensitivity to vibrations. First, we designed H^∞ controllers because we can address sensitivity to vibrations using this design method. Then we reduced the order of the controllers so that on-site parameter tuning time can be reduced. We demonstrated that the maximum amplitude of vibrations of a car with this control could be reduced to almost half the amplitude compared to a car without the control.

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We propose the use of a Kansei method, i.e., one which meets customer desires, to design the space display. The inverse evaluation method based on the adjoint sensitivity analysis was used for the first time to determine the sensitivities of each adjective word used in the test. The test is carried out by using the SD method in which photographs of several space displays are used as objects. First, the results of the Kansei evaluation test are summarized. The results show that a comprehensive evaluation value and the main factor are extracted. Next, to find a relation between the impression of the space display and the design factor of the equipment, we carried out adjoint sensitivity analysis. As a result, it was shown that using our proposed method is a useful way to determine the values of the parameters used in the Kansei design process.

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In the design of emotional qualities, one of the most important and difficult issues is setting quantitative evaluation criteria to evaluate such qualities. Without such evaluation criteria, the designer has to rely on his/her sensitivity, which may be different from the customer's, making it difficult to set a clear design goal. The customer's sensitivity towards such qualities is subjective, tacit and diverse. In our previous study, we proposed a quantification method of emotional qualities with attention paid to its diversity (1). We applied the method to quantify the diverse emotional qualities of a product sound. The method analyzes the diversity of emotional qualities and formulates their evaluation criteria based on the results of sensory tests. The authors formalized several emotional qualities expressed by adjectives using the proposed method with sound samples recorded from existing products. However, the variety of existing products was limited. The obtained evaluation criteria may not cover a design space where future designs would appear. In this paper, we aim to cover such untouched design space using composite sounds and extract a potential factor for the future design of sound quality. To create such composite sounds, we set efficient design parameters that take into consideration the completeness of design space and the diversity of a target emotional quality that we quantify using the results of sensory tests in the previous work. For the present work, we conduct a new set of sensory tests and compare the results with those from our previous work, in order to discuss the repeatability of emotional scores among different sets of subjects and changes introduced by adding created sounds. We extracted a new emotional scale of target emotional quality "expensiveness of machine sound" that was not found in 1^<st> sensory test based only on the existing product sound. The emotional scale contains two different viewpoints of "reliable sound". One is associated with silent and composed sound and another is powerful and obstructed sound. Using a factor analysis considering the diversity of human sensitivities, we found those two viewpoints of "reliable sound" in 1^<st> and 2^<nd> factors respectively.

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