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大谷 俊博, 西山 紀久雄, 吉川 成, 荻 博次, 平尾 雅彦
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セッションID: 2821
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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We have studied the microstructural evolution in a wrought low-carbon steel (ASTM-A105), containing 0.21 mass% C and subjected to tension-compression cyclic loading, through in-situ monitoring of the attenuation and velocity of a surface shear-wave with the electromagnetic-acoustic-resonance (EMAR) technique. This technique is a combination of the resonant technique and a non-contacting electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). The EMAT operates with a magnetostrictive mechanism and it is the key to establishing a non-contacting monitoring of microstructural change in a material's surface region with high sensitivity. The attenuation coefficient is sensitive to the accumulated fatigue damage, showing two peaks around 2% and 90% of life. This novel phenomenon is interpreted in terms of dislocation mobility change and dislocation rearrangement. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation has supported this view. This technique has a potential to assess damage and predict the fatigue life of steels.
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松尾 卓摩, 長 秀雄, 竹本 幹男
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セッションID: 2822
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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We developed a new cascade multi sensor AE system using optical fiber sensor. An optical fiber sensor was wound over hollow pipes with different diameters in series and divided into several AE sensors. The fiber between the plate and pipe first detected the in-plane motion of AE as the Lamb wave and then the resonant wave with resonance frequencies of the pipes. We studied source dynamics and source location of artificial sources using steel needle pull off. For the study of the source dynamics, we simulated waveform of first arrival So-mode Lamb wave utilizing the experimental overall transfer function of the second kind. Location of Lamb wave AEs on an aluminum plate were successfully estimated by using unique location method.
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竹本 幹男, 加賀山 浩司, 米津 明夫, 小川 武史, 長 秀雄
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セッションID: 2823
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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In order to study the mechanism of environmental assisted cracking (EAC) of dual phase stainless steel: DP-3 in 42 and 35 mass% magnesium chloride solution at 90 C, simultaneous monitoring of acoustic emission (AE) and corrosion potential fluctuation (CPF) were attempted. In the 35 mass% solution, we detected vigorous AEs but no characteristic CPF. Contrary to this, RD type CPFs were frequently detected but no AEs in the 42 mass% solution. Referring the previous experimental evidence, the EAC of DP-3 steel in the 35%MgCl_2 solution was concluded to be produced by delayed fracture while that in 42 mass% MgCl_2 solution was by active-path corrosion type SCC.
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岩本 達也, 糸平 圭一, 森 和也, 鳥越 一平
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セッションID: 2824
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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In existing PC structure, sheath ducts which are not filled with grout partly or completely are founded. The part without grout becomes a factor which threatens safety o structure by promoting corrosion of steel in PC concrete. In this research, we apply the pulse electro-magnetic-force-acoustic method to detect un-grouting part and inspect the effectiveness of this method. In the experiment, there was a difference in waveforms of vibration on specimen surface between sheathes with grout and without grout. Vibration in the case of un-grouting could be simulated by finite element analysis.
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Jinyi LEE, Jiseong HWANG, Kazuhiro OGAWA, Jongwoo JUN
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セッションID: 2825
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The scan type magnetic camera is proposed to improve the limited spatial resolution due to the size of the packaged magnetic sensor. The ∂B/∂x images of the cracks of different shapes and sizes are calculated by using the improved dipole model proposed in this paper. The improved dipole model uses small divided dipole models, the rotation and relocation of each dipole model and the principle of superposition. The improved dipole model can be used to simulate the LMF and ∂B/∂x image of a specimen with complex cracks, and to evaluate the cracks quantitatively using magnetic flux leakage testing.
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栗山 雄次, 井原 郁夫, 宮下 幸雄, 新居 直樹, 種川 義則
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セッションID: 2826
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Nanoindentation has been applied to quantitative characterization of interfaces of bonded materials. Distributions of indentation hardness and Young's modulus on material surface are precisely determined using a load-controlled nanoindentation tester. Two kinds of coatings, a diffusion bonding of aluminum alloy and stainless steel and a spot welding of carbon steels, are used for specimens. It has been found for the diffusion bonding that the intermetallic compound layer of 4μm produced at the interface has higher mechanical properties than the base materials. Twodimensional mapping of mechanical properties on the cross section of the spot welding has successfully been performed. It has been observed that the properties of the welding area are significantly different from the base material.
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西野 秀郎, 吉田 憲一
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セッションID: 2827
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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This paper describes a simple generation method of a circumferential (C-) guided wave propagating along the circumferential direction of a pipe. A conventional bulk-shear-wave-sensor was used to generate the C-guided wave. The C-guided wave is classified into the C-SH wave and C-Lamb wave, respectively. In the experimental verifications, the C-SH and C-Lamb waves were selectively or simultaneously generated by adequately changing the polarization direction of the bulk-shear-wave-sensor dry-coupled on the outer surface of the pipe. Theoretical explanations of the C-guided wave were briefly.
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加藤 泰久, 濱田 光, 吉田 憲一, 西野 秀郎
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セッションID: 2828
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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An effective generation of guided waves in a pipe was proposed with a fixed-band as a reflector of guided waves. The reflector is located nλ/2 (n=1,2,3,,,) apart from the guided wave sensors for effective generations. In above cases, large amplitude is obtained because multiplereflections between the reflector and sensor were occurred under phase-matching conditions. Experimental and theoretical considerations were shown in the paper.
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林 高弘, 村瀬 守正, 長尾 将弘
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セッションID: 2829
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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田村 賢一, 小野沢 元久
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セッションID: 2830
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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This study investigated effects of the defect size, the defect location from the test surface and the fiber lamination layer patterns on thin plates of the fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), which influences the defect detection by the ultrasonic pulse echo method. The following conclusions are obtained ; Defective detection of the ultrasonic measurement influences not the fibers of glass and carbon, but the remaining bubbles in FRP of the fabric fiber lamination layer type. In thin plate becomes an ultrasonic near field zone, defective detection decreases as defect location approaches the test surface. The ultrasonic echo height F/B becomes a constant value independent of the ratio of defect area Sf/So as the hole diameter is constant. A defect ofφ0.5mm at the distance of 0.5mm from the test surface could be detected by the double crystal probe of 5MHz.
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村上 小百合, 竹田 智, 本間 恭二, 小池 卓二, 山本 純太, 山田 實, 湯山 茂徳
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セッションID: 2831
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The development of the technique to monitor the acceleration of corrosion in outdoor oil tank is desired to prevent environmental pollution accident. Present study utilized the acoustic emission technique to monitor the corrosion. Artificial AE signals were generated by breaking pencil leads on 73 locations of the bottom of the real tank (300kl) to investigate an accuracy of predicted location. AE source location was carried out using a neural network. Arrival time intervals of each sensor were used for input units of the NN. Two methods, visual observation and threshold technique for normalized AE wave, were examined to detect arrival time. The result suggested that accurate location is possible for both methods.
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高橋 学, 井原 郁夫
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セッションID: 2832
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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An ultrasonic technique for monitoring internal temperature of heated materials such as a metal mold is presented. The principle for measuring temperature inside material is based on temperature dependence of the velocity of the ultrasonic wave propagating through the material. A single side of a steel plate of 30mm thickness is heated up to about 80℃ and ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements are then performed for the steel during heating. A change in the propagation time of ultrasonic wave within the heated steel is monitored and used to determine the temperature and its transition at a certain position inside the steel. The internal temperature determined ultrasonically agrees well with that obtained using a commercial thermocouple installed in the steel.
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長 秀雄, 小山 真輔, 松尾 卓摩, 竹本 幹男
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セッションID: 2833
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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This study aims to evaluate depth of corrosion damage on the steel plate by So mode Lamb waves. Low frequency So mode Lamb waves can be efficiently generated by the rectangular PZT transducer on the distal plane of steel plate. Attenuation of So mode Lamb wave propagating on the plate with grace was 3.7dB/m and was lower than that of Ao mode (10.2dB/m). Reflection of So mode Lamb wave from 10% reduction dish-shaped artificial defect to plate thickness was observed. Amplitude of reflected So mode Lamb wave increased with the depth of the defect. We also observed the reflection of So mode Lamb waves from the defect on the welded steel plate.
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阪上 隆英, 今西 大輔, 久保 司郎
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セッションID: 2834
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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An inverse analysis method for the thermal response spectroscopy is proposed for quantitative measurement of size and depth of the defects. Sequential thermal response data observed on the surface of objective body under active step heating were processed by lock-in analysis scheme based on the Fourier series expansion. Fourier coefficients synchronizing with sine and cosine waves were calculated, and they are represented in spectroscopic diagram. Fourier coefficients data of certain defect depth and size obtained for various thermal fluctuation periods showed characteristic curves in the spectroscopic diagram. In this study, least residual inverse analysis scheme was applied to the defect parameter determination based on the Fourier coefficient values in the spectroscopic diagram.
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松本 義紀, 本間 恭二, 小池 卓二, 村上 小百合
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セッションID: 2835
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Present paper suggests a new ultrasonic inspection technique to classify the defects occurred by casting of cast steel using the neural network. Reflected echo waves are hard to discriminate the defects by the way of wave observation because of receiving the strong effect of surface roughness. Learning and classification of neural network for the subject of both vacancy and gas defect were carried out to the reflected echo. Defects were classified by specifying the learning data, and the effect of surface roughness could be decreased
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戎 圭明, 木須 博行
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セッションID: 2836
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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木須 博行, 戎 圭明
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セッションID: 2837
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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森崎 哲也, 江 鐘偉, 張 志文
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セッションID: 2838
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Infrastructures deteriorate with age and fracture for loads beyond the design criteria, age-related degradation, change of climate, etc. As one of the types of the damage, decreasing the fasten torque of a bolt have been reported. In order to prevent unexpected accidents, in this report, the loosening state of a bolt on a joint in the prototype structure is taken as the example of abnormality state and diagnosing method is proposed. Since the fastening state of bolts affects the mechanical impedance in the structure, PZT patches were embedded on the structure so that the mechanical impedance change can be measured precisely by the variation of the electric impedance in PZT patches. The experimental results show that this method has successfully detected all unusual states during the experiments.
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黒崎 茂, 増田 龍一, 菊地 章
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セッションID: 2839
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Piezoelectric polymer film has recently been recognized as a monitoring sensor because piezoelectric polymer film generates the high voltage in proportion to the strain. From this point of view, amplifier and power are not required. This research is conducted as follows: the potential in the film surface is measured and analyzed using non-contact electrometer, and the method using the lead wire installed on the film is devised. In addition, films with one side electrode are used for this method. Conductive tape and conductive pastes are also used as the electrode installed to the non-electrode surface. However, this method generates uncertain output voltage. So the method for depositing the electrode of arbitrary shape on non-electrode surface is applied.
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西原 公
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セッションID: 2840
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Volume fraction of deformed-induced martensite in stainless steel can be commonly measured by X-ray diffraction method or magnetic permeability method. In this study, a novel method of measurement of deformation-induced martensite using magnetic contact holding force is proposed. Trials with the measurements were carried out on a prototype measuring system. The results of the measurements in SUS301 and SUS304 stainless steels are discussed in terms of deformation and volume fraction of martensite.
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本田 尚, 佐々木 哲也, 吉久 悦二
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セッションID: 2841
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The theromoelastic stress imaging system, which is a stress analysis technique based on the measurement of infrared emission from the surface of a body subjected to cyclic loading, was applied to inspection of the fatigue crack initiated at a weld toe in a welded joint. The fatigue crack detected by this technique was smaller than 0.6mm in depth, and the values of crack length estimated from the stress images were agreed with crack lengths measured by the optical microscope well. Also, stress intensity factor ranges ΔK were evaluated from stress distribution around a crack tip measured by this imaging system. The values of ΔK evaluated from stress measurements tended to be larger than analytical values.
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土師 宏幸, 合瀬 健博, 岩本 知広, 里中 忍, 古賀 裕章
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セッションID: 2842
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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We developed an infrared measuring system and proposed an appropriate parameter for the evaluation of bonding rate between the solder ball and the substrate in the BGA. In this system, the thermal stimulation due to the short period cooling was applied to ball joint, the temperature response of which was used to discriminate the bonding state in the sound or poor ball joints in the BGA device. The dimensionless temperature given by the temperature ratio enabled the evaluation of bonding rate between the solder ball and the jointing pad in the substrate. The results was confirmed by the numerical calculations of this process, also which suggested that this method is possible to detect the ball joints with bonding rate less than 50〜60%.
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山本 普康, 生田 宏, 生地 文也
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セッションID: 2901
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The experiments for cold rolling of stainless steel sheets were made in order to clarify the effect of method of roll polishing and surface roughness of rolls on the surface characteristics of rolled sheets such as surface gloss, surface structure and so on. As a result, it has been shown that the surface gloss of rolled sheets is the largest in case of the roll polished in the axial direction with #800 polishing paper, where the surface of rolled sheets is considerably flat in spite of having thin uneven linear defects in the normal direction to the rolling one in the observation of microscope and SEM.
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上谷 俊平, 中西 賢二, 福本 弥生, シャルライル サミオン, 大迫 良人
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セッションID: 2902
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Optimum location of the micro-groove arrays formed on the tool surface to have smooth product surface was investigated by carrying out the plane strain extrusion experiments. Pure aluminum A1050 (JIS) was used for the billet, and paraffinic mineral oil was used for the test lubricating oil. The micro-groove arrays of 2mm width were laid perpendicular to the extrusion direction and consisted of three parallel grooves separated 0.72mm interval. The cross section of a groove was u-shape, 0.44mm depth and 0.28mm width. Those groove arrays were machined on the tool surfaces at three different sections. The surface quality of a product could be improved by using the tool on which the micro-groove arrays were formed on the tool surface at inner section near the exit deformation boundary.
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南 明宏, 丸茂 康男, 阮 立群
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セッションID: 2903
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The effect of thermal loads including frictional heat due to sliding velocity and the friction shear factor on the deformation resistance of forging tools with a hard coatling film was investigated using the finite element method. Temperature distribution in the tool was calculated by thermal analyses, taking into consideration frictional heat generated by frictional sliding. Plastic deformation of the tool was evaluated according to the distribution of flow stresses obtained from the temperature distribution.
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原田 博之, 孫 亜卓, 坂本 裕平, 丸茂 康男, 阮 立群
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セッションID: 2904
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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This paper describes slide-bending formation of thin metal sheet by using an industrial robot. The authors have made an automatic slide-bending formation system which consists of a force sensor, a CCD camera and an industrial robot. The slide-bending forming tool was mounted on the top of the robot. The force sensor was attached on the wrist of the robot. The trajectory of the robot was controlled so that the reactive force was kept constant. The bending formation of metal foil made by stainless steel was investigated systematically. From the results of the experiment, it is shown that the larger the reactive force, the larger the bending angle of the thin metal sheet.
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大津 雅亮, 福川 光, 高島 和希
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セッションID: 2905
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Borosilicate glass and single crystal silicon foils were V bent by means of laser forming. Since those materials are brittle at room temperature, it is necessary to form plastically at high temperature. Since foils are heated up rapidly by laser irradiation, it is easy to heat foils. In the forming of borosilicate glass foils, a resistant heater was used accessorily to heat the foils up. A 20W Q-switched YVO_4 laser was employed with the frequency of 200kHz. Bending angles were investigated by changing laser power, scanning velocity and defocus length. In forming of borosilicate glass foils, when laser power was 12W, scanning velocity was smaller and defocus length was 8mm, borosilicate glass foils was bent maximum. In forming of single crystal silicon foils, when laser power was 13W, scanning velocity was 15mm/s and defocus length was 5mm, maximum bending angle was obtained.
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牟禮 雄二, 中西 賢二
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セッションID: 2906
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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We constructed the physical forming simulation system by which the non-steady state plastic flow could be measured and visualized in the three-dimensional coordinate system. The workpiece was made with the wax and the die with epoxy resin in the present system. The non-steady state plastic flow conditions were measured with regard to actual process time in a forming process by using the tiny iron particles (markers) embedded in the workpiece and the electromagnetic wave measurement system. The system holds distinctive advantage that the deformation characteristics of a workpiece and boundary conditions between the workpiece and tool are taken into account in the results automatically. As an application example, the plastic flow conditions in the forging process of a helical gear were measured and visualized by the present system, and we confirmed that the non-steady state plastic flow condition in a forming process could be measured successfully by the system.
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植村 眞一郎, 寺田 翼, 中西 賢二
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セッションID: 2907
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The sleeve riveting is a mechanical fastening method of the two or three plate parts with the bolt and the nut formed from a sleeve by the swaging punch. Sufficient material flow to the tooth part of a bolt should be achieved in the sleeve by the punch movement for successful fastening. We carried out a series of physical simulation of the sleeve riveting process represented by the two dimensional physical model, and the material flow and plane strain deformation of the sleeve in the riveting process could be observed and measured. We examined three types of punch head ; i.e. ; the tapered corner head with slant angle 10 or 15 degrees and the round corner head, and measured the punch load-stroke curves and calculated the filling conditions of the sleeve to the tooth part of a bolt. Then, sufficient information to determine optimum configuration of the punch head could be obtained by the present investigation.
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菅 晴彦, 岡部 永年, 朱 霞, 森 一樹, 鈴木 理紗
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セッションID: 2908
発行日: 2006/09/15
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Diameter-enlargement works that can form local enlarged diameter in short time at ordinary room temperature and by adding the axial compact force, and adding the rotation and the bend at the midpoint of constant diameter shaft is a new plastic deformation method that has superiority in saving resource, energy saving and mild environment. In order to decrease manufacture cost and expand application of Diameter-Enlargement work, we developed a new working method that can form multiple enlarged shafts by Diameter-Enlargement works. In present investigation we made a survey for the deformation behavior during working process of multiple enlarged shafts based on this method and made an equation modeling for the deformation behavior.
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林 晃, 岡部 卓治, 木戸 光夫
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セッションID: 2910
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Aluminide systems such as Ti-Al, Ni-Al and Fe-Al are known to induce combustion synthesis at lower temperatures by moderate mechanical alloying (MA) of the elemental powders. This study investigated the potential for applying this mechanochemical activation effect. Surface coating by reaction sintering of Ni-74.9mol%Al-3.1mol%Si MA powders was performed for ductile cast iron (JIS FCD450) by vacuum hot pressing at a relatively low temperature (873K). At the optimal milling time, the coated layer was well-reacted with high density (almost no pores) and high hardness (more than 1000HV).
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磯西 和夫
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セッションID: 2911
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Fabrication of Fe_3AlC matrix in-situ composite, reinforced by a FeAl phase, was studied by using the powder metallurgical processing route. Especially, in order to disperse the second phase more finely, we chose the mechanical alloying process. We investigated the microstructural and mechanical properties of the consolidated material. The alloyed powders milled for 360ks and 1800ks were consolidated by using vacuum hot pressing at 1273K and 150MPa for 3.6ks. The compacts showed almost full density. The compact obtained from 1800ks milled powder consisted of a Fe_3AlC matrix and FeAl second phase (average particle size was less than 1μm). The compact showed HV746, which was higher than that of the arc melted Fe_3AlC monolithic material, HV603.
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杉浦 桂紹, 高木 研一, 湯浅 栄二, 三枝 雅彦
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セッションID: 2912
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Powder mixtures of cast iron (FC30) machined chip and 3〜10mass% graphite(Gr.) powder were mechanically alloyed (MA) for 18ks. The obtained MA powders were compacted at 873K under 15MPa by hot press. Bending strength of the compacts became higher after further sintering at 1173K. Structure of the sintered MA alloy consisted of fine ferrite and graphite with nano-order. The MA powders were bonded on cast iron plate simultaneously at the compaction with enough bonding strength. Shot blasting improved the hardness of the bonded MA alloy surface.
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斉藤 直樹, 高木 研一, 湯浅 栄二, 沖 善成
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セッションID: 2913
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Aluminum powder was mixed to magnesium alloy (AZ31) machined chip with various contents and then mechanically alloyed (MA) for 54ks. The obtained MA powders bonded to AZ31 rod by compressive deformation for improvements of wear and corrosion properties. Friction and wear properties of MA alloy surface were investigated and they were compared with AZ31 alloy. Ring of quench-hardened steel (SKD-11) was slid on bonded MA alloy surface under various conditions of sliding speed and normal force using ring-on-disk type wear tester. Wear loss (worn volume) in the MA alloy surface decreases with increasing of Al content. The wear loss of Mg-61.5mol%Al MA alloy surface reached to one third of that of AZ31 alloy.
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佐川 宏彰, 高木 研一, 湯浅 栄二, 沖 善成
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セッションID: 2914
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Mechanically alloyed powder is active and has high driving force for sintering. The mechanical alloying (MA) of the mixture of AZ31 machined chip and the 40mol% and 61.5mol% aluminum powder was performed using high-energy ball mill. The mechanically alloyed powder was bonded on the surface of magnesium alloys (AZ31) by hot pressing and die forging at various temperatures and pressures. The bonded MA layer partially improved magnesium alloy surface by the die-forging.
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京極 秀樹, 池田 哲也, 小松 眞一郎
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セッションID: 2915
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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This paper presents the influence of the compositions of sintered Ti-Ni alloys on their thermo-mechanical properties. The Ti-Ni alloys having various compositions from 50at%Ni to 51 at%Ni were sintered using elemental Ti and Ni powders by a pulse-current pressure sintering equipment. The deformation resistance in stress-strain curves increased with increasing Ni content. In the case of Ti-50at%Ni, tensile strength and elongation were more than 500MPa and 7%, respectively. The increase in Ni content also makes the transformation temperatures lower. The deformation resistance at a test temperature from 293K and 353K in isothermal tensile test increased with elevating test temperature.
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山上 貴頒, 西籔 和明, 長田 稔子, 田中 茂雄, 三浦 秀士
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セッションID: 2916
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The general aim of this study is to develop the surface functionalization process in metal powder injection molding (MIM). A gas nitriding process which can improve the wear and corrosion resistances was investigated for sintered Ti and its alloy parts through the MIM process to realize the high functionality at low processing cost. The effects of the specimen size and the process conditions on the nitriding reaction in the Ti-6Al-4V MIM parts were mainly investigated by micro-structural observation and hardness measurements. The gas nitriding mechanisms were discussed. The results suggested that the gas nitriding process was a useful surface treatment process for high functionality of micro metal injection molding (μ-MIM) products.
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西藪 和明, 鹿子 泰宏, 田中 茂雄
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セッションID: 2917
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The aim of this study is to improve the quality of micro-structured parts manufactured by Micro Sacrificial Plastic Mold Inserted Metal Powder Injection Molding (μ-SPiMIM) process using LIGA. The defects in plastic injection molding such as weld-line and short filling, which developed around micro pillar structures of plastic molds, were evaluated with a laser microscope observation. The effects of molding conditions on the quality in micro injection molding of micro plastic parts were discussed. The effects of molding conditions in metal powder injection molding were also investigated.
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工藤 大, 大谷 俊博, 早房 敬祐
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2918
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics) used for the large scale wind turbine blade are required the high material strength and formability. The strength is improved by the addition of short fibers which distributes randomly in GFRP. However, the addition causes the decrease of the resign fluidity in molding by RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method. In this study, the relationship between tensile, fatigue strength and the fluidity of GFRP by the addition of short fibers are examined.
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長尾 優樹, 野田 尚昭, 武下 孝浩, 原田 昭治
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2919
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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FRP pipes are widely used in watertank, hot springs, chemical plants, and wastes disposal plants. However, conventional methods of manufacturing FRP pipes have several problems, such as high cost, emission of organic gas during manufacturing, etc. To overcome such difficulties, anew manufacturing method is developed. In this new method, FRP pipe is manufactured by centrifugal force generated by revolving of the mold. In this study, mechanical properties of this new pipe is investigated through tensile tests and bending tests. Also, the structure of the FRP pipe is examined through a microscope, and the results are compared with the ones of conventional pipes. It is found that the tensile strength of new pipe is rather higher than that of conventional pipe.
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木村 宗太, 小柳 潤, 川田 宏之
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セッションID: 2920
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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An exact theory is developed to evaluate propagation of an interfacial debonding in single fibre composite by means of the energy release rate due to crack growth. The debonding propagation during fragmentation test is significantly affected by frictional slip at the interface in the debonding region. Hence, frictional dissipation of the energy release rate occurs along with the debonding propagation. An analysis considering the effect of the interfacial friction is conducted. The fragmentation tests are performed varying the amount of fibre pre-stress, and the debonding growth is observed directly. To validate the present analysis, the debonding propagation predicted by the present theory is compared with the experimental one. The theoretical prediction is proved to be in the excellent agreement with the experimental results, which illustrates the importance of including the frictional effect in the energy release rate. An application of the present theory to fibre fragmentation in single-fibre composite test that can evaluate the fibre strength is described.
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仲尾 知晃, 吉村 彰記, 武田 展雄
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2924
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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This study experimentally and numerically investigated the impact damage in stitched CFRP laminates. Detailed damage observation in the impact tests revealed that stitching could suppress the dalamination progress and changed the damage shape. We then performed finite element analysis and calculated energy release rate at the delamination front of every interface at static load using the Virtual Crack Closure Technique. Simulation results confirmed that the impact delamination extended along the fiber direction of upper and lower surfaces. Moreover, we demonstrated that stitching decreased the energy release rate and could suppress the dalamination progress.
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河井 昌道, 田中 明浩
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セッションID: 2922
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Effects of stacking-sequence on tensile strength of cross-ply CFRP laminates have been studied. Existing strength models applicable to fracture strength prediction have also been examined. Three kinds of non-woven cross-ply laminates with the same total number of plies except for different number of adjacent laminae of the same orientation are treated. Static tension tests are performed on three kinds of specimens of the same size, i.e. unnotched (UN), double-edge notched (DEN), and center holed (CH) specimens, for each type of laminates. To elucidate sensitivity to the size of stress risers, the DEN and CH specimens are tested for three different kinds of notch lengths and hole radii, respectively. It has clearly been observed that the tensile fracture strengths of the DEN and CH specimens significantly reduce as the notch size increases. The sensitivity to notches is highest in the case of alternating cross-ply configuration. Validity of an analytical cohesive zone model is also evaluated by comparing the predicted and observed strengths of the unnotched and notched cross-ply laminates.
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岡田 翔, 宗宮 詮
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2923
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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BMC (Bulk Molding Compound) is a popular engineering FRP and is used in Automobile or Electric instrument. Durability of BMC for machinery material was researched but the application of this material has been developed in more hard circumstance. In the situation, this material is sometimes exposed by cyclic load and hard circumstances such as water absorption and high temperature. In this report, the effect of water absorption on bending fatigue life has been researched considering the distribution of mechanical properties. The fatigue fracture mechanisms were studied by observation method. As a result, bending fatigue strength was decrease after immersion in water. Transverse crack density on side surface increased with decreasing stiffness ratio during bending fatigue test. It was found that glass fiber strand lingered in specimen by observing specimen.
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浴 将洋, 有光 隆, 曽我部 雄次, 呉 志強
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2924
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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In fabric shaping process of resin transfer molding, fabrics deform with inter-fiber sliding. To simulate deformation of fabrics using the finite element method, we propose using a deformable model of an intersection of yarns is introduced. Since plastic deformation is related to a slip phenomenon in solids, the intersections of yarn are modeled as solid elements possessing elastic-plastic properties to show inter-yarn sliding. To exhibit the locking angle beyond which the resistance of shear deformation of fabrics to the applied load becomes large, non-elastic spring elements are introduced at the edges of the upper and lower faces of a solid element. The properties of solid elements and spring elements can be determined experimentally by a tensile test of woven fabrics. The amount of inter-yarn sliding estimated from the proposed model is in good agreement with experimental results.
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小柳 潤, 小川 文男, 川田 宏之
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2925
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Delayed fractures in carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites can be observed even at room temperature due to an accumulation of micromechanical damages, such as time-dependent interfacial debondings or fiber breakage. In this study, the creep-rupture time in unidirectional composites consisting of carbon fiber reinforcement and vinylester resin is predicted under consideration of the progress of interfacial debonding which decreases rupture strain of the composites due to increase of the stress recovery length in time. The decrease of the rupture strain in unidirectional composites is formulated based on the global load sharing, which assumes that lost load distribution involved a fiber break is uniformly redistributed to all the intact residual fiber in the range of the stress recovery length. Time-dependency of the stress recovery length including the interfacial debonding length is analytically and experimentally investigated using carbon/vinylester single-fiber composite as a function of time and specimen strain. The creep rupture prediction is completed by means of putting the increase of stress recovery length into it. The validity of this creep rupture prediction is discussed by investigation of the residual strength after quasi-creep test, which must be derived by the formulated creep rupture prediction.
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北條 正弘, 橋本 良作, 祖父江 靖
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2926
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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SiC/SiC composites are attractive for turbine rotor materials of aero engines owing to the high strength features at high temperature. In order to evaluate potential of CMCs for turbine rotor materials, a compact-sized disk fabricated by SiC/SiC composites were tested using the hot spin tester. The hot spin test at 927 deg C and 37,500rpm has been successfully carried out.
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長田 俊郎, 中尾 航, 高橋 宏治, 安藤 柱, 斉藤 慎二
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 2927
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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The machined alumina/ 20 vol.% SiC whiskers composite having a semi-circular groove was conducted to various heat-treatments. The change of the local fracture stress at the bottom of semi-circular groove has been investigated as a function of crack-healing temperature and time. By heating at 1400℃ at 10h, the machined specimen was fractured not from the cracks introduced by the hard machining but from the other region. Thus, it was concluded that the machining cracks were completely healed by the above heat treatment. Moreover, The strength at room temperature and elevated temperature (<1300℃) of the machined sample healed exhibited the same levels as that of polished sample healed. It can be demonstrated that the crack-healing was useful for an increase in the strength of machined ceramics economically.
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高橋 明宏, 山元 直行
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 3001
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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Deformation and tensile response of Bamboo fibers for various Bamboo, Phyllostachys heterocycla, Phyllostachys bambusoides, Phyllostachys nigra and Phyllostachys Makinoi Hayata are investigated using Instron type tensile testing machine at room temperature. Fiber strength value to the direction of thickness for Bamboo increases with shifting outside location. Specific tensile strength of the Phyllostachys heterocycla is comparable to that of the commercial glass fiber. Additional Alkali treatment is effective to improve the fiber strength and the elastic modulus. However, the microcrak of the alkali-treated fiber along load axis, such as delamination craking is mainly observed at the lower strain range.
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竹村 兼一, 斎藤 淳仁
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 3002
発行日: 2006/09/15
公開日: 2017/08/01
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In this study, an effect of heat treatment to tensile properties for JFRPP (Jute Fiber Reinforced PolyPropylene) was examined. Specimens were made of heated plain woven jute cloth and Polypropylene. Heat treatment temperature to jute fibers was set in the range from 50℃ to 200℃. Treatment time was 1h or 5h. The result indicates that tensile strength of JFRPP using jute fiber heated from 110℃ to 120℃ for 1h was improved about 6%. However, Degradation of jute fibers begins to progresses by heating for 5h. Heat treatment temperatures of this case were relatively lower which are around 110℃. Plastic properties for JFRPP were also examined. Stress-strain curves of JFRPP under tension cyclic loading were drawn. Tensile strength of JFRPP subjected tension cyclic loading decreased for accumulated damage.
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