Neurofibroma is a benign tumor originating from nerve bundles composed of Schwann cells and proliferating fibroblasts. While multiple neurofibromas are commonly associated with neurofibromatosis, solitary cases are relatively rare. This report describes a case of a solitary neurofibroma arising in the sublingual gland of a 58-year-old woman. The patient presented with swelling in the floor of the oral cavity beneath the right side of the tongue. She initially visited a local dental clinic and was subsequently referred to our department for further evaluation and treatment. Clinical examination revealed a submucosal mass in the right sublingual floor. Imaging studies demonstrated a well-demarcated, cystic mass confined to the right sublingual gland. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed under local anesthesia. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a solitary neurofibroma originating in the sublingual gland. The patient has shown no signs of tumor recurrence following surgery.

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We report a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma （DA） in the mandible, which is a rare variant of ameloblastoma. The patient was a female in her 60s who was referred to our department due to a mass in her anterior mandible. Computed tomography （CT） and enhanced magnetic resonance （MR） imaging revealed a multifocal soft tissue mass in the mandibular premolars to the maxillary premolars. We performed mandibular marginal resection under general anesthesia and obtained a histopathologic diagnosis of DA. No disease recurrence has been detected in the two and a half years since the surgery.

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Cheilitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the lips caused by various endogenous and exogenous factors. We report a case of cheilitis that was found to be accompanied by Sjögren’s syndrome during the course of examination. The patient was a 73-year-old woman who complained of lip discomfort. Erosion with epithelial peeling, desquamation, and bleeding was observed on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower lips and on both buccal mucosae near the corners of the mouth. Although the initial diagnosis was cheilitis, Sjögren’s syndrome was diagnosed upon consultation at the medical school. The cheilitis was unresponsive to cevimeline hydrochloride monotherapy at the medical school, but improvement was observed with long-term local symptomatic treatment at our department. In this case, although the cheilitis was thought to be a related symptom of Sjögren’s syndrome, the course suggested that individual patient management is also important.

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Langerhans cell histiocytosis （LCH） is an inflammatory neoplasm of myeloid origin characterized by the accumulation of CD1a/CD207 dendritic cells. Recently, the BRAF^V600E mutation has been reported in half of patients with LCH, and BRAF^V600E expression was associated with increased risk of recurrence. This report presents two pediatric cases with LCH affecting the right posterior mandible. Both were successfully treated with intralesional injection of dexamethasone （6mg） in one single session. Complete recovery was confirmed approximately 4-5 years after injection. Intralesional corticosteroid is a less invasive alternative to the classical surgical treatment.

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