In an attempt to study the environmental radiation survey of ground and sea surface, aerial measurement were made many times using infrared thermography AGA-Thermovision past four years.
In this paper, the basic technique of remote sensing from aircraft and the results of the experiment were described.

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Study on surface geothermal heat-flow for future quantitative geothermal heat-flow survey by thermal infrared remote sensing was done. Nighttime heat budget equation at a geothermal surface is given, and geothermal heat-flow intensity is categorized into three grades based upon the intensity of solar energy and geothermal heat energy. Diurnal temperature measurements across the earth-air interface were done at geothermal surfaces, and one experimental example of limitation of detectable heat-flow intensity was obtained.

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A new method of for carrying out aerial triliteration, similar to ground triliteration has been suggested and theoretical formulation done to work out the sides and coordinates of ground points from observed photo coordinates.

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Block adjustment in aerial triangulation has been increasing its importance in practical use. Discussions on its accuracy and efficiency, however, have been mostly done from the view point of the technical treatment in the electronic computers, or iteration procedure of the numerical approaximation.
Several discussions outside of the above view point are tried on this paper, treating them as the problem of geometrical transformation and theory of errors. Physical problems are not discussed here and mechanical errors are duely not considered.
The principle of aerial triangulation is, from the geometrical point of view nothing but the pure Euclidia n transformation from the model coordinates to the ground geodetical coordinates, except the projective transformation which is applied at the first stage of the procedure, i. e. during the relative orientation. Other transformation formula such as higher order transformations are frequently applied for the purpose of reducing the discrepancies at the control points and tie points, but they have rather weak theoretical base compared to the so called Helmert transformation in Euclidian geometrical space.
As for the accuracy obtained through the bloc adjustment of aerotriangulation, the errors are originating from the observation erros of the earlier steps of the procedure, such as relative orientation or point observations, and are propagated according the law of propagation of erros throughout the procedure. The resultant erros are adjusted and their standard deviations are computed as the criterion index of the obtained accuracy.
These computation should be carried out applying the reduced values of the freedom of the system which are given as the number of observations subtracted the number of applied conditions.
The accuracy of block adjustment should be evaluated from the residual erros at ground control points, not from the discrepancies at tie points only, because the final purpose of the block adjustment is to obtain the ground geodetic coordinates of the observed points, and not the strip coordinates nor block coordinates. Discrepancies at tie points can be used only as the criterion data for the individual strip adjustment or conditions to be used during the adjustment.
Few schematical examples are considered to get the general idea of the above mentioned character of the block adjustment. The limitting size of a block may be less than 10 strips with about 10 models in each strip under the normal condition such as the Specification for the National Large Scale Mapping Project of Japan, which can be derived from the numerical considerations on the freedom of the whole block. And the reduction of errors as the results of applying the tie points conditions into the error equation are estimated no more than 20% considering the freedom of the block as well.

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The possibility of the present living space is chainging into the direction in which we create the functional and humanistic space while so far in which we create the economic one. And the progress of mechanical engineering makes it realizable today. Besides, the aspect of planning presents these condition in which plan drawings visuarized by computer owing to its progress are taken out, while so far computer has been used only for calculation.
In this paper, we inquire the future direction about planning or design in civil engineering or land use plan. Contents of this paper are, first, how to transform aerial photograph into numerical terrain infomation, second, how to transform it into visual form and last, how to make it possible for engineer to comunicate with macine for plan or design of residential area.

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This is a very rough summary of“International Workshop on Earth Resources Survey Systems”and“7 th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment”held at the University of Michigan during the period of May 3-22, 1971 consecutively. About 200 researches on various fields were presented. A few examples in which the present author was interested are described in this report. The subjects covered are the applications of remote sensing on the studies of agriculture, forestry, water pollution, geology, geography and oceanography.

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