Bio-environmental quality of the area is possible to be measured from the natural condition of environment which are represented by vegetation growth, as well as from the coverage of bare soils and artificial structures, both being the results of human exploitation activities.
One hundred km area of Tokyo Metropolitan Region was classified into six stages by using ERTS-A Data (Nov. 26, 1972) ; classification of environmental quality was made from the proportion of light values of Bands 6 and 7, reflected from vegetation foliages, to those of Bands 4 and 5, reflected from bare soils and artificial structures. For these purposes, the Multi-Data-Color-System (NAC Inc., Tokyo, Japan) was used for imaginary and area measuration. The environmental quality stages of each class was confirmed by color-infrared air photo and thermal mapping that cover the same area.
The environmental quality of the region was measured effectively as follows: 1) Contributable area for environmental quality with conserving natural conditions (27% of the total area), 2) Environmental balanced area (49%), 3) Decreased purification power area (13 %), 4) Urban area (5.3%) and 5) Dense urban area (2.9%) . In addition, the distribution of new developing area of 482 km² was mapped.
From above results, in the desely-urbanized area it must be necessary to construct green area of about 48 km² for the conservation of environmental quality in such area.
In order to promote the accuracy and effectiveness of observations, it is indispensable to make more continuous observations for grasping the seasonal changes of environmental quality and to develop the fundamental information system works.

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Spectral radiation reflecting from objects on the ground has a characteristic pattern of it's own. We tried to convert the multi-band photo-image consisting of Blue, Green, Red and Photographic-infrared-bands, into density data of digital form, and to discriminate land use using the numerical and statistical method. We provided for 17 classes of land use. Unit size of the digital data was 5.7×8.6m on the ground.
According to the test in the training area, the probability of discrimination was 72% (average) . And, almost all of the shadows on the photo discriminate into a rejection class by not classifying into any one of classes provided.
This method can discriminate more subtle classes of land use than can methods employing the human eye.

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A new analytical orientation method for two-medium photopairs at plane and curved interfaces is derived and results of the experimental tests are discussed in this paper.
The relative orientation is based upon the theory of the successive orientation, and the unknowns are the five exterior orientation elements of the right picture and the coefficients of a equation for refractive surfaces. Then the number of relative orientation elements is eight when the refractive interface is plane, and increases when the refractive surface is curved. The absolute orientation is performed as usually with the spacial similar transformation.
The method proposed was tested with two experimental models and a few of new facts became known for the model method in the orientation problem in the two-medium photogrammetry. The first phenomenon is that the accuracy to be obtained depends upon the way how to select unknowns in the relative orientation because there are great correlations between the unknowns. It has been experienced in these practical researches that the relative orientation based upon the successive orientation has a relatively better accuracy than the independent model method. The second is that the arrangement of orientation points and measurement errors of image coordinates have a extremely great influence upon the accuracy of the model method. Especially, if orientation points have small height differences the unknowns in relative orientation can not be determined from the intersection condition of corresponding refractive rays. A orientation method to calculate the relative orientation elements approximately and to determine underwater points with a high accuracy is proposed to avoid the difficulties described above. This approximation method was tested with the same experimental models and proved to have a good accuracy.

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According to the terrain conditions of the projected areas, various methodss for farm land design are nowadays adopted.
Most of these methods depend on the hand-operated calculation. In actual stage of the design, troublesome and enormous volumes of calculations are repeatedly required. Furthermore, the best relevant results extracted from these calculations are not assured in theory.
Considering the above difficulties, an automatic calculation method by using computer was developed regarding to“Kairyo Yamanari Ko”which needs the most complicated calculations. This method uses digital topographic maps. Determining plan height of each farm land automatically, this method satisfy the reasonable and effective operations.

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