Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
Online ISSN : 1347-7439
Print ISSN : 0916-7250
ISSN-L : 0916-7250
Advance online publication
Displaying 1-33 of 33 articles from this issue
  • Yusaku TSUGAMI, Yuya NAGASAWA, Aoi SUGIYAMA, Yu ANDO, Kotaro ODA, Koji ...
    Article ID: 23-0438
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 18, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Mastitis causes significant economic losses to the dairy industry due to decreased milk production in infected cows. Identification of mastitis-causing pathogens, such as streptococci, is necessary for selecting an effective antibiotic for treating mastitis. Although bacterial cultivation is widely used for pathogen identification, it requires more than 24 hr to complete. Contrarily, Lateral flow assays are simple, rapid, and inexpensive testing procedures. In this study, the effectiveness of an immunochromatographic test kit for detecting streptococci in milk samples from cows with clinical mastitis was evaluated as an alternative to bacterial cultivation. The performance of the immunochromatographic test kit for detecting mastitis-causing pathogens was compared with that of bacterial cultivation and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic test kit were 0.800 and 0.875, respectively, compared with bacterial cultivation. Additionally, the κ statistic values of the immunochromatographic test kit was 0.667, indicating substantial agreement with the results of bacterial cultivation. Statistically, sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic kit and real-time qPCR did not differ significantly; thus, the immunochromatographic test kit detected mastitis-causing streptococci as effectively as real-time qPCR. Therefore, the immunochromatographic kit is a rapid, inexpensive, and simple method for detecting streptococci and contributes to the timely selection of appropriate antibiotics for treatment and promotes early recovery from mastitis.

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  • Jing YE, Xiaoqian LI, Zhihao PAN, Zhuoya WU, Yanyun ZHU, Wei ZHANG, Ju ...
    Article ID: 23-0208
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 14, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    The study aimed to investigate the effect of Grid1, encoding the glutamate ionotropic receptor delta type subunit 1(GluD1), on puberty onset in female rats. Grid1 mRNA and protein expression was detected in the hypothalamus of female rats at prepuberty and puberty. Additionally, the expression of Grid1 was suppressed in primary hypothalamus cells and prepubertal rat. Finally, investigated the effect of Grid1 knockdown on puberty onset and reproductive performance. The levels of Grid1 mRNA in the hypothalamus, the fluorescence intensity in the arcuate nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the prepubertal rats was significantly lower than pubertal. Treatment of hypothalamic neurons with LV-Grid1 decreased the level of Grid1 and Rfrp-3 (encoding RFamide-related peptide 3) mRNA expression, but increased the Gnrh (encoding gonadotropin-releasing hormone) mRNA levels. After an ICV injection, the time for the rat vaginal opening occurred earlier. Moreover, Gnrh mRNA expression was increased, whereas Rfrp-3 mRNA expression was decreased in the hypothalamus. The concentration of progesterone(P4) in the serum was significantly decreased compare with control group. Ovary hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the LV-Grid1 group mainly contained primary and secondary follicles. The reproductive performance of the rats was not affected by the Grid1 knockdown. Therefore, Grid1 may affect the onset of puberty in female rats by regulating the levels of Gnrh, and Rfrp-3 in the hypothalamus, as well as the concentrations of P4, but not reproduction performance.

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  • Reiichiro SATO, Jun HAYASHI, Naoyuki FUKE, Eren SAITO, Kanako HIDAKA, ...
    Article ID: 24-0011
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 13, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    This study investigated the diagnostic and surgical management of urachal abscessation involving the urinary bladder in three cattle aged >18 months. While the abdominal floor or paralumbar fossa are typically considered for accessing the urachus and bladder in calves and heifers, the distance is too great to perform the procedure under direct vision in adult cows. Therefore, a novel preinguinal approach was used for access in cows with urachal abscesses after 18 months. Access was successfully achieved in all the three cows through a preinguinal incision to the urachal abscess at the apex of the bladder. However, in cases wherein the abscess and adhesions are severe, removal may be challenging or may necessitate a combined median or paramedian approach.

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  • Shanshan ZHANG, Chengyu WANG, Keyin MENG, Jun LIU
    Article ID: 23-0389
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 11, 2024
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    In the present study, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was combined with the colloidal gold lateral flow dipstick (LFD) method to establish a new, stable, and efficient assay for the detection of canine distemper virus (CDV). We designed a set of specific primers labeled with biotin and a specific probe labeled with dSpacer and C3 spacer, according to the conserved region in the N-terminal gene sequence of CDV. The reaction conditions and systems were then optimized, and the sensitivity and specificity were analyzed for potential clinical application. The results showed that the RPA-LFD assay for CDV detection was successfully established. We also found that the temperature in a closed fist (35°C) is optimal for the RPA reaction. The optimal ratio of primer to probe was 2:1. The minimum detection limit of the RPA-LFD assay was 1 × 101 the median tissue culture infective dose (TCID50)/mL. Using this assay with samples from experimentally infected dogs, CDV was detected in nasal secretions, eye secretions, and blood on the fourth day post infection. In summary, this novel RPA-LFD assay for CDV detection is simple to use, and preliminary findings indicate its high specificity and sensitivity.

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  • Akihiro NIWA, Toshikazu SAKAI, Kazuko HIRAYAMA, Minoru OKAMOTO, Tsuyos ...
    Article ID: 23-0425
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 08, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    A 1-year-old mixed-breed cat was referred for an approximately 2-cm mass centered on the upper right canine tooth. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the lesion extended to the nasal cavity and orbit, causing thinning and expansion of the adjacent cortical bone. Excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a feline inductive odontogenic tumor. Based on the findings of CT imaging, the primary alveolar bone lesion was removed with the tumor, while the adjacent bones, which had been expanded and thinned, were preserved by marginal resection including the surrounding periosteum-like membrane. No local recurrence was observed for seven years. To validate the therapeutic outcome of this case, further research in diagnostic imaging and pathology will be crucial.

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  • Naoki SUZUKI, Konosuke OTOMARU, Naoki ISOBE
    Article ID: 23-0365
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 06, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    The components of milk from beef cows remain to be elucidated. This study examined the differences in the antimicrobial components of milk between dairy and beef cows. Quarter milk was collected from both Japanese Black (beef type) and Holstein (dairy type) cows to compare the concentrations of antimicrobial components. The concentration of lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP) was higher, whereas that of the other antimicrobial components (lactoferrin, S100A7, and S100A8) was lower in beef cows than in dairy cows. Overall, these results indicate that the differences in antimicrobial components between beef and dairy cows may be associated with the difference in the prevalence of mastitis between them.

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  • Hiroshi YAMASAKI, Hiromu SUGIYAMA, Yasuyuki MORISHIMA, Yasuhito SAKO
    Article ID: 23-0475
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: March 06, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Spirometra infections in companion animals and wildlife in Japan have been diagnosed based on the morphology of the adult worms and eggs, and the etiological agent has been mainly ascribed to Spirometra erinaceieuropaei. However, recent studies have revealed that two other species, Spirometra mansoni and Spirometra asiana, coexist in Japan. Spirometra asiana is a new species recently discovered in Japan. Although morphological discrimination between these two species is difficult, molecular identification is useful. Therefore, to understand which species commonly parasitizes companion animals and wildlife in Japan, a preliminary study was performed based on mitochondrial DNA analysis. Eleven adult worms examined were identified as S. mansoni, suggesting that S. mansoni infects companion animals and wildlife commonly than S. asiana in Japan.

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  • Yasumitsu KOTOYORI, Yoshiro ENDO, Harutaka MURASE, Fumio SATO, Kenji K ...
    Article ID: 23-0437
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 26, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    This study investigated age-related radiographic changes in the distal parts of the forelimbs by radiographic evaluation and identified the radiographic changes associated with diseases specific to foals. The hoof angle (HA), distal phalanx angle (P3A), distal phalanx palmer angle (P3PA), distal interphalangeal joint angle (DIPJA), and metacarpophalangeal joint angle (MPJA) on lateromedial radiographs of forelimbs were measured on the day after birth (Day 1); at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age; and then at monthly intervals until 12 months of age. HA and P3A significantly increased from 1 day to 4 weeks and 4 weeks to 3 months of age. The P3PA increased dramatically from 1 day to 1 week, 1 week to 2 weeks, and 2 weeks to 8 weeks of age, and then decreased after 3 months of age. DIPJA significantly decreased from 1 day to 2 weeks of age before increasing from 3 to 5 months of age. MPJA increased with age until 4 weeks, slightly decreased from 2 to 4 months of age, and then gradually decreased from 4 to 6 months of age. The findings indicate that foals’ forelimbs typically show flexion of the fetlock and a broken backward hoof–pastern axis just after birth, an upright fetlock until 4 months of age, and a change to a mature conformation after 6 months of age. Physiological variants were correlated with the occurrence of common foal diseases during the radiographic evaluation periods.

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  • Risa AOKI, Motoki SASAKI, Masafumi TETSUKA, Toshihiro MOGOE, Hajime IS ...
    Article ID: 23-0439
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 28, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    In this study, we examined the morphological features of the placentas from 3 species of rorqual whales (Balaenopteridae), namely Bryde’s (Balaenoptera brydei), sei (B. borealis), and common minke (B. acutorostrata) whales, and verified the secretion of 2 placental-specific peptide hormones, placental lactogen (PL) and chorionic gonadotropin (CG). The placentas were collected in the second phase of the Japanese Whale Research Program under a special permit in the North Pacific (JARPN Ⅱ) between 2009 and 2010. For all three species of rorqual whales, as the fetus grew, the interdigitation between the maternal endometrial folds and chorionic villi became more complicated, and many blood capillaries of chorionic villi and endometrium became larger and infiltrated the trophoblast cells and endometrial epithelial cells, respectively. In the immunohistochemical examination, the trophoblast cells (except for areolar trophoblast cells) showed immunoreactivities for the PL and luteinizing hormone (LH) antibodies, and this phenomenon was similar in the placentas of all 3 rorqual whale species. Our results suggest that PL and LH-like CG play roles in regulating pregnancy in the placenta of cetacean.

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  • Irin KWANANOCHA, Ekkapol AKARAPHUTIPORN, Rutaitip UPARIPUTTI, Chalermp ...
    Article ID: 23-0512
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 28, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is a common cause of stifle joint pain in dogs. This study assessed the short-term outcomes in the management of CCLR, with or without concurrent medial patellar luxation (MPL), in small-breed dogs, comparing surgical intervention using tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) with non-surgical approaches. Dogs weighing less than 10 kg and suffering from CCLR were divided into two groups: surgical and non-surgical (nine stifles per group). Both groups followed the same rehabilitation protocol. Measurements were taken on days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84. These measurements included the mean difference in orthopedic assessment score (diffOAS) and thigh muscle circumference (TMC) assessed by veterinarians, as well as the Canine Brief Pain Inventory score (CBPI) evaluated by the owners. Six stifles had concurrent MPL in the surgical group and five in the non-surgical group. No significant differences were observed in diffOAS (P=0.685), TMC (P=0.557), CBPI pain severity score (P=0.062), and CBPI pain interference score (P=0.29) between the two groups. However, both groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in diffOAS and CBPI. The TMC remained relatively stable in the non-surgical group (P>0.05), but it significantly increased in the surgical group (P<0.05). Both groups demonstrated improved clinical outcomes in the short term, with no significant differences. However, cautious consideration should be given to a conservative treatment in small-breed dogs, particularly when considering the exclusive improvement observed in TMC within the TPLO group.

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  • Chihiro SUZUKI, Motoki SASAKI, Nao TSUZUKI, Mitsunori KAYANO, Kazutaka ...
    Article ID: 22-0070
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 22, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    In this study using computed tomography (CT), the volumes of the internal cranial cavities, such as the braincase, frontal sinus and tympanic cavity, and the ratio of the volume of each cavity to the skull volume in Japanese wolves were quantified, and CT images of the frontal sinus were observed. The results were then compared with those of other wolf subspecies, including Akita, a dog breed, to clarify the characteristics of the internal cranial cavities in Japanese wolves. The present study revealed that the Japanese wolf had a relatively larger braincase volume and a relatively smaller frontal sinus volume than the wolf ssp. (a group of wild wolf subspecies except the Japanese wolf) and Akita. Moreover, the relative and absolute tympanic cavity volumes of the Japanese wolf and Akita were significantly smaller than those of the wolf ssp. In the CT image or macroscopic observations, the frontal sinuses of the wolf ssp. and Akita were relatively well developed to the caudal and dorsal directions, respectively, compared with that of the Japanese wolf, and the tympanic cavity of the wolf ssp. was more largely swelled ventrally and medially than that of other groups.

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  • Kaori IDE, Masaaki KATAYAMA, Ikki MITSUI, Hiroshi SATOH, Ryuji FUKUSHI ...
    Article ID: 23-0413
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 22, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Here we report a case series of two dogs diagnosed as renal interstitial cell tumor (RICT) accompanied by elevated serum erythropoietin level and marked polycythemia. RICT is a rare tumor in dogs, originating from renal interstitial cells. While several renal tumors such as renal lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, carcinoma, sarcoma, fibrosarcoma and nephroblastoma may cause polycythemia, polycythemia caused by RICT has never been reported in dogs. The tumors in both dogs were solitary and lied within cortex or cortico-medullary junction. Histopathology revealed spindle-shaped cells suggesting mesenchymal origin, with no mitotic figures suggesting that the tumors in both dogs were benign. Following surgical removal of the affected kidney, serum erythropoietin level and polycythemia normalized in both dogs.

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  • Hitomi ODA, Aiko HAGA, Kaoru KOYAMA, Kureha GOKITA, Ran AKIYAMA, Takum ...
    Article ID: 23-0461
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 22, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Ezetimibe is a cholesterol absorption inhibitor that blocks the intestinal absorption of both biliary and dietary cholesterol, thereby lowering primarily low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-chol) in human studies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ezetimibe on dyslipidemia control in nine dogs with hypercholesterolemia. Changes in total cholesterol (T-chol) and each lipoprotein fractions were evaluated at 0, 2, and 4 months following initiation of ezetimibe treatment. A significant decrease in T-chol was observed, and a mean T-chol concentration below 400 mg/dL was achieved at 2 and 4 months. Furthermore, a significant decrease in LDL-chol was observed (–53.3% and –64.3% at 2 and 4 months, respectively). Taken together, treatment of ezetimibe could lower LDL-chol levels in dogs with hypercholesterolemia.

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  • Taro YAMAGUCHI, Masanori YONEYAMA, Yusuke ONAKA, Kiyokazu OGITA
    Article ID: 23-0477
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 16, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) induced by noise has increased in recent years due to personal headphone use and noisy urban environments. The study shows a novel model of gradually progressive SNHL induced by repeated exposure to moderate noise (8-kHz octave band noise, 90-dB sound pressure level) for 1 hr exposure per day in BALB/cCr mice. The results showed that the repeated exposure led to gradually progressive SNHL, which was dependent on the number of exposures, and resulted in permanent hearing loss after 5 exposures. Repeated exposure to noise causes a loss of synapses between the inner hair cells and the peripheral terminals of the auditory nerve fibers. Additionally, there is a reduction in the expression levels of c-fos and Arc, both of which are indicators of cochlear nerve responses to noise exposure. Oral administration of resveratrol (RSV, 50 mg/kg/day) during the noise exposure period significantly prevented the noise exposure-induced synapse loss and SNHL. Furthermore, the study found that RSV treatment prevented the noise-induced increase in the gene expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β in the cochlea. These results demonstrated the potential usefulness of RSV in preventing noise-induced SNHL in the animal model established as gradually progressive SNHL.

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  • Hirotaka IGARASHI, Naoyuki NAGAI, Yoko YAMADA, Tetsuro ITO, Sakurako N ...
    Article ID: 23-0486
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 14, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    A mixed-breed, 8-year-old male dog developed neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperglobulinemia. Bone marrow hyperplasia and splenic plasmacytosis were cytologically observed. The dog had never been outside of Tokyo or Shizuoka Prefecture. Splenectomy was performed to confirm and remove the cause of splenic plasmacytosis. A histopathological diagnosis of splenic plasmacytoma was made; however, serum protein electrophoresis showed polyclonal gammopathy. Further screening was performed, and Ehrlichia canis infection was confirmed. The dog was treated with doxycycline for 5 weeks. After the antibiotic therapy, no relapse of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperglobulinemia, or positive polymerase chain reaction result of E. canis infection was observed for 3 years. Careful attention should be given to ehrlichiosis when exploring the cause of pancytopenia or hyperglobulinemia, regardless of the travel history.

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  • Yume MIMURA, Takahiro HIONO, Loc Tan HUYNH, Saho OGINO, Maya KOBAYASHI ...
    Article ID: 24-0005
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 14, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Pestiviruses are classified into two biotypes based on their cytopathogenicity. As the majority of pestivirus field isolates are noncytopathogenic, their titration requires alternative methods rather than direct observation of cytopathogenic effects, such as immunostaining using specific antibodies or interference with cytopathogenic strains. However, these methods require microscopic observation to assess virus growth, which is time- and labor-intensive, especially when handling several samples. In this study, we developed a novel luciferase-based pestivirus titration method using the superinfection exclusion phenomenon with recombinant reporter pestiviruses that possessed an 11-amino-acid subunit derived from NanoLuc luciferase (HiBiT). In this method, swine kidney cells were inoculated with classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and superinfected with the reporter CSFV vGPE/HiBiT 5 days postinoculation. Virus titer was determined based on virus growth measured in luminescence using the culture fluid 3 days after superinfection; the resultant virus titer was comparable to that obtained by immunoperoxidase staining. Furthermore, this method has proven to be applicable for the titration of border disease virus (BDV) by superinfection with both the homologous reporter BDV and heterologous reporter CSFV, suggesting that this novel virus titration method is a simple technique for automated virus detection based on the luciferase system.

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  • Taisuke KURODA, Yohei MINAMIJIMA, Hidekazu NIWA, Hiroshi MITA, Norihis ...
    Article ID: 23-0476
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 12, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Fosfomycin (FOM) is an approved veterinary medicinal product for large animals in Japan, but Clinical breakpoint (CBP) for antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) is not defined for animals. This study aimed at conducting a pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) analysis to determine the PK/PD cutoff for the CBP in horses. Drug concentrations following single intravenous administration (IV) of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) FOM in nine horses were measured using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The data were modelled using a nonlinear mixed-effects model, followed by Monte Carlo simulations. A 90% probability of target attainment for a PK/PD target of the ratio of Area Under the free plasma concentration-time curve divided by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) >24 hr was set as PK/PD cut-off. The PK/PD cutoff for FOM 20 mg/kg BW q12 hr IV was estimated with the MIC value of ≤16.0 mg/L, and this regimen was considered effective against E. coli (MIC90; 16.0 mg/L) in healthy horses based on the MIC90 values of the wild population. Owing to the relevance of FOM to human health, veterinarians should use q 12 hr FOM 20 mg /kg against E. coli infections with an MIC <16 µg/mL, as suggested by our PK/PD cutoff after AST.

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  • Kan FUJINO, Masayuki HORIE, Naoyuki AIHARA, Junichi KAMIIE, Satoshi TA ...
    Article ID: 23-0415
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 09, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Chicken chaphamaparvovirus causes diarrheal symptoms and can be detected in fecal samples. This study reports the detection of chicken chapparvovirus 2 in debilitated chickens with hemorrhagic hepatitis at a broiler farm in Japan. After euthanasia and necropsy, liver hemorrhage was observed. Nuclear inclusion bodies in the hepatocytes were identified using histological analysis. High-throughput sequencing analysis using RNA from livers of three affected chickens revealed infection by chicken chapparvovirus 2 and chicken anemia virus. Polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that all three chickens were positive for chicken chapparvovirus 2, and only one was positive for both chicken chapparvovirus 2 and chicken anemia virus. In conclusion, chicken chapparvovirus 2 causes infection in chickens in Japan and might be involved in hemorrhagic hepatitis.

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  • Rei MATSUMOTO, Mayu HORIE, Yoko MITSUHASHI, Yoshito OHSAKO
    Article ID: 22-0560
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 08, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    After the native population of Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana) in Japan disappeared, a reintroduction project was implemented in 2005. All released storks and most wild-fledged storks were individually identified using colored rings on their legs. The size of the reintroduced population reached 256 by the end of 2021. In this study, we investigated the causes of stork injury and death in wild populations to clarify important medical issues for successful reintroduction. During the survey, 153 of 412 (78 released and 334 fledged storks) storks were injured or died between 2005 and 2021. At least 49.7% of the injuries and deaths were directly caused by human activities. Entanglement with pest control measures (such as bird- and beast-proofing nets) and accident with electrical and telecommunication equipment are two major causes of injury and death of reintroduced Oriental storks in Japan. It is important to recognize that these anthropogenic threats have a significant impact on the establishment and maintenance of the reintroduced populations of Oriental storks in Japan. Therefore, it is necessary to implement countermeasures against these threats to establish human and Oriental storks coexistence, which is a major goal of reintroduction.

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  • Keiichi HISAEDA, Masakatsu NOHARA, Naomi OHTA, Akira GOTO, Yoichi INOU ...
    Article ID: 23-0424
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 07, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    This study aimed the efficacy of meloxicam(MX) in treating acute clinical mastitis (ACM) without systemic symptoms in Holstein cows by studying improvement in udder pain, changes in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and bradykinin (BK) levels in the milk, and milk yield (MY) after healing. Forty-two cows with ACM were randomly assigned to the MX treatment group (T group; n=21) and the control group (C group; n=21). At onset of illness (day 0), the T group received a 0.5 mg/kg subcutaneous (SC) injection of MX whereas the C group received 15 ml SC of saline solution as a placebo. Udder tenderness (UT) was measured, and milk samples were collected on days 0–3. There was little change in the MY of the T group before and after healing, whereas MY in the C group was significantly lower than after healing. UT on day 3 in the T group was significantly lower than that in the C group. PGE2 levels significantly decreased from day 0 to day 3 in both groups. A significant negative correlation between PGE2 and linear score was observed on day 1 in the T group, but not in the C group. In ACM without systemic symptoms, the administration MX may be useful for restoring MY and reducing udder pain after healing.

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  • Shinya OSADA, Kyoko CHISATO, Rika FUKUMORI, Shin OIKAWA
    Article ID: 23-0454
    Published: 2024
    Advance online publication: February 07, 2024
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    This study was carried out as an observational study in order to examine the difference of change in serum very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) between primiparous and multiparous cows. Twenty-one clinically healthy cows (10 primiparous and 11 multiparous) were selected at 21 days prior to expected calving. Blood samples were collected in the morning (before feeding) on days –21, –7, 7, 21 and 56 days in milk (DIM). At 7 and 21 DIM, the serum non-esterified fatty acid concentration of multiparous cows was significantly higher than that of primiparous cows. The serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentration was also markedly higher in multiparous cows than in primiparous cows at 21 DIM. These results suggested that the degree of negative energy balance was greater in multiparous cows than in primiparous cows during this period. In both, serum VLDL concentrations decreased at over 7 DIM, increased at 21 DIM, and then decreased at 56 DIM. On the other hand, triglyceride and total protein concentrations of VLDL in multiparous cows were significantly lower than in primiparous cows at 21 DIM. This suggests that multiparous cows have poor triglyceride secretion from the liver and that they become more susceptible to hepatic lipidosis.

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  • Gengpeng ZHANG, Yuejia LIN, Xianhua CHEN, Jian QIN, Yuhai HE, Taoli LI ...
    Article ID: 23-0085
    Published: 2023
    Advance online publication: November 28, 2023
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Cinnamomi cortex was applied to mitigate joint injury since ancient China. However, the effect of Cinnamomi cortex on gouty arthritis (GA) was rarely reported. This study aimed to explore the effect of Cinnamomi cortex on monosodium urate (MSU)-induced acute GA (AGA) in rats, and clarify the underlying mechanism. The results showed that Cinnamomi cortex extract (CE) containing rich polyphenols and flavonoids alleviated joint swelling and inflammation by reducing programmed cell death in MSU-induced AGA rats. Network pharmacology analysis showed that CE’s predictive inflammatory pathways included nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and necroptosis pathways. CE reduced expression of pyroptosis-related regulators including Gasdermin D and Caspase 1 via regulating NF-κB/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 signaling pathway in AGA rats. In conclusion, this study provided a theoretical basis for Cinnamomi cortex applied as a new veterinary medicine to protect against GA.

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  • Takumi KOMIYA, Akihiro MORI, Naohito NISHII, Hitomi ODA, Eri ONOZAWA, ...
    Article ID: 2-0345
    Published: 2021
    Advance online publication: March 05, 2021
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis and severe insulin resistance. Although the conventional treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis was provided, the cat required frequent hospitalization because of severe dehydration and repeated diabetic ketoacidosis. We detected anti-insulin antibodies for human in this cat. Serum insulin-binding IgG levels were markedly elevated compared with those in healthy cats and other diabetic cats. We initiated prednisolone to suppress the effects of anti-insulin antibodies. After initiation of prednisolone, the cat was gradually recovered with increasing activity and appetite. Furthermore, satisfactory glycemic control was achieved with combined subcutaneous injection of insulin detemir and insulin degludec.

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  • Linjie LI, Xiaoling SHI, Derong ZHANG, Xin CAO, Amjad ALI, Jialin BAI
    Article ID: 20-0487
    Published: 2020
    Advance online publication: November 13, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
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  • Mario DOLERA, Luca MALFASSI, Simone PAVESI, Sara FINESSO, Giovanni MAZ ...
    Article ID: 16-0077
    Published: 2017
    Advance online publication: November 15, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION

    Atlanto-axial (AA) instability due to ligament insufficiency is a common cause of cervical spinal cord compression in toy breeds. However, in some dogs a difference in size between the atlas and the axis leads to joint incongruence that exacerbates AA subluxation and makes surgical treatment challenging. Twelve dogs with AA instability with incongruence were enrolled in a single institution prospective observational study. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the AA joint were compared to a retrospectively reviewed control group. A novel surgical approach consisting of a dorsal internal fixation technique was performed in six dogs. For affected dogs, the mean normalised difference between the dorso-ventral atlas canal and the dorso-ventral axis canal was 29.67% (median of 35.07%, standard deviation 25.64%), while in normal dogs a mean difference of 4.67% (median of 3.95%, standard deviation 5.21%) was observed. On MRI, 12/12 affected dogs had spinal cord compression, which was classified as reducible (3/12), partially reducible (6/12) and non-reducible (3/12). In surgically operated dogs, follow-up CT showed a partial or complete reduction of the previous spinal cord compression with a consistent amelioration or resolution of the presenting complaints. The proposed surgical technique was safe and effective in dogs with partially or completely reducible spinal cord compression.

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  • Mohamed ABDO, Khaled SHOGHY, Yoshinao Z. HOSAKA, Tomohiro IMAGAWA, Saf ...
    Article ID: 14-0225e
    Published: 2014
    Advance online publication: August 20, 2014
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on July 30, 2014 as advance publication has been retracted by the Editorial Board of Journal of Veterinary Medical Science due to a violation of the journal’s “Information for Authors”.
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  • Mohamed ABDO, Khaled SHOGHY, Yoshinao Z. HOSAKA, Tomohiro IMAGAWA, Saf ...
    Article ID: 14-0225
    Published: 2014
    Advance online publication: July 30, 2014
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article has been retracted by the Editorial Board of Journal of Veterinary Medical Science due to a violation of the journal's “Information for Authors”.
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  • Article ID: 13-0051e
    Published: 2013
    Advance online publication: November 30, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on August 9, 2013 as advance publication was withdrawn from consideration for publication in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science at author's request.
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  • Hui LI, Guoquan WU, Jiancheng LI, Shusheng TANG, Xilong XIAO, Yanan XU ...
    Article ID: 13-0051
    Published: 2013
    Advance online publication: August 09, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on August 9, 2013 as advance publication was withdrawn from consideration for publication in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science at author's request.
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  • Article ID: 11-0339e
    Published: 2012
    Advance online publication: December 25, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on September 26, 2012 as advance publication was withdrawn from consideration for publication in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science at author's request.
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  • Farhad SAFARPOOR DEHKORDI
    Article ID: 11-0580e
    Published: 2012
    Advance online publication: November 01, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on August 3, 2012 as advance publication was withdrawn from consideration for publication in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science at author’s request.
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  • Seyedhosein JAROLMASJED, Saeed KOLAHIAN
    Article ID: 11-0339
    Published: 2012
    Advance online publication: September 26, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on September 26, 2012 as advance publication was withdrawn from consideration for publication in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science at author's request.
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  • Farhad SAFARPOOR DEHKORDI
    Article ID: 11-0580
    Published: 2012
    Advance online publication: August 03, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS ADVANCE PUBLICATION
    This article released online on August 3, 2012 as advance publication was withdrawn from consideration for publication in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science at author's request.
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