The Keio Journal of Medicine Vol. 66(2017) No. 2

REVIEW

Potential Universal Application of High-intensity Interval Training from Athletes and Sports Lovers to Patients

Koichiro Azuma, Hideo Matsumoto

Released: June 25, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: August 08, 2016

p.19-24

Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has received much attention as a promising exercise option not only to improve aerobic fitness, but also to prevent and improve lifestyle-related diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that the exercise volume, as determined by the product of exercise intensity, duration, and frequency, has been shown to be important for improvements in muscle mitochondrial activity and subsequent improvements in aerobic fitness, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic variables. Therefore, continuous moderate-intensity training has been widely recommended. On the other hand, the main contributor of HIIT to improvements in aerobic fitness and metabolic variables is its high-intensity nature, and many recent studies have shown results favoring HIIT when compared with conventional continuous training, despite its shorter exercise duration and smaller exercise volume. In this review, we aim to show the possible universal application of HIIT in a hospital setting, where athletes, sports lovers, and patients have sought medical advice and have the opportunity to undergo detailed evaluations, including an exercise stress test. For athletes, HIIT is mandatory to achieve further improvements in aerobic fitness. For patients, though higher levels of motivation and careful evaluation are required, the time constraints of HIIT are smaller and both aerobic and resistance training can be expected to yield favorable results because of the high-intensity nature of HIIT.

CASE REPORT

Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis Complicating Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in an Immunocompetent Child

Takuma Ohnishi, Akiko Kawano, Mayumi Araki, Yuko Hamahata, Machiko Usui, Motoko Shimoyamada, Takuya Tamame, Masayuki Akashi, Seiji Sato

Released: June 25, 2017

[Advance Publication] Released: April 07, 2017

p.25-28

Listeria monocytogenes only occasionally causes bacterial meningitis in immunocompetent children. We report a case of L. monocytogenes meningitis associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis. The patient was a previously healthy 20-month-old girl who was admitted because of sustained fever and lethargy after suffering from gastroenteritis for 6 days. The patient’s peripheral white blood cell count was 18,600/µL and the C-reactive protein level was 2.44 mg/dL. A stool sample tested positive for rotavirus antigen. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample showed pleocytosis. Cultures of the CSF and stool samples revealed the presence of L. monocytogenes. The patient was successfully treated with ampicillin and gentamicin. We speculate that translocation of enteric flora across the intestinal epithelium that had been damaged by rotavirus gastroenteritis might have caused bacteremia that disseminated into the CSF. Both listeriosis and secondary systemic infection after rotavirus gastroenteritis are rare but not unknown. Initiation of appropriate treatment as soon as possible is important for all types of bacterial meningitis. This rare but serious complication should be taken into consideration even if the patient does not have any medical history of immune-related problems.

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The Keio Journal of Medicine

The Keio Journal of Medicine Vol. 66(2017) No. 2

REVIEW

Potential Universal Application of High-intensity Interval Training from Athletes and Sports Lovers to Patients

CASE REPORT

Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis Complicating Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in an Immunocompetent Child

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Volume And Issue List The Keio Journal of Medicine

The Keio Journal of Medicine Vol. 66(2017) No. 2

REVIEW

Potential Universal Application of High-intensity Interval Training from Athletes and Sports Lovers to Patients

CASE REPORT

Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis Complicating Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in an Immunocompetent Child

System Maintenance

Announcement From J-STAGE

Journal Tools

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Volume And Issue List
The Keio Journal of Medicine