In recent years, the number of international students (ryugakusei) at Japanese universities has been on the rise continuously, hitting a record high. Among them, the majority belong to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), and as
a result, they have become a key component of the Internationalization of Higher Education (IHE) in Japan. The three major stakeholders in IHE - the Japanese government, enterprises, and HEIs strive to lure increasingly more and the best international students. Given that student migrants traverse various boundaries and categories in the fields of migration - with unclear identities establishing them both as students (language, degree, exchange students) and workers (irregular, temporary, potential skilled workers) in their destination societies - the way they are treated varies according to various legal, economic, cultural and political conditions and factors. Then, how are international students currently viewed in Japanese society? Are they really in a category of ‘wanted and desired’ foreign migrants? Or otherwise? Against this background, this paper attempts to critically review the role of immigration in recruitment, retention, and settlement of international students in Japan. In doing so, this paper explores a possibility that international students will become permanent residents and fellow citizens in Japanese society, not as temporary sojourners.
View full abstract