Cell wall, cytoplasm, polysaccharide, and peptidoglycan fractions prepared from
Lactobacillus casei, L. plantarum, and
L. acidophilus were examined for their efficacies to enhance resistance of host mice against
Listeria monocytogenes infection. Intraperitoneal injections of those cellular fractions of
L. casei led to elicitation of inflammatory cells in the peritoneal cavity and the efficacy was highest in the case of peptidoglycan. Macrophage ratio in the resultant peritoneal exudate cells was also highest in mice given peptidoglycan. Macrophages induced with cell wall fraction of
L. casei showed the most potent phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-triggered respiratory burst (chemiluminescence and O
2- production determined on the basis of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction) followed by those elicited with peptidoglycan. All the macrophages induced with cell wall of
L. casei (two strains) and
L. acidophilus enhanced O
2- production in response to PMA but
L. plantarum did not enhance O
2--producing ability in such a manner. The
L. casei-cell wall also enhanced
in vitro listericidal activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages, but such an activity was not noted in the case of
L. acdiophilus-cell wall. When mice were intravenously given the cellular fractions 7 or 13 days before
L. monocytogenes infection, cell wall fractions of
L. casei caused the most potent protective activity. A weak protective activity was also found in peptidoglycan of
L. casei. Therefore, the protective action of
L. casei against
L. monocytogenes infection in host mice may be attributed to cell wall compounds and partially to the peptidoglycan moiety.
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