To evaluate cellular polyamine distribution profiles as a chemotaxonomic marker to phylogenetic classification in bacteria, acid-extracted cellular polyamines from 134 strains (species) located in the 20 phyla, Armatimonadetes, Atribacterota, Balneolaeota, Elusimicrobia, Ignavibacteriae, Kiritimatiellaeota, Lentisphaerae, Rhodothermaeota, and Synergistetes, furthermore Acidobacteria, Chlorobi, Chloroflexi, Chrysiogenetes, Deferribacteres, Fusobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, Spirochaetes, and Verrucomicrobia were additionally analyzed by HPLC and HPGC. In 29 strains (species) of the 9 phyla first analyzed, Armatimonas and Fimbriimonas were absent (undetectable) in polyamines and Capsulimonas contained homospermidine in the phylum Armatimonadetes. Atribacter of the Atribacterota contained putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Alifodinibius lacked polyamines and Gracilimonas contained homospermidine in the phylum Balneolaeota. Elusimicrobium of the phylum Elusimicrobia contained homospermidine. Homospermidine was found in Igmavibacterium, and putrescine, spermidine, homospermidine and spermine were found in Melioribacter in the phylum Ignavibacteriae. Kiritimatiella of the phylum Kiritimatiellaeota contained spermidine and spermine. In the phylum Lentisphaerae, Lentisphaera contained spermidine and homospermidine, and Victivallis and Oligosphaera contained spermidine alone. In the phylum Rhodothermaeota, Rubricoccus was absent in polyamines, Rubrivirga lacked polyamines or contained homospermidine, and Longimonas contained spermidine. Spermidine and spermine were major polyamines in Acetomicrobium, Aminiphilus, Aminovibrio, Aminobacterium, Aminomonas, Cloacibacilus, Dethiosulfovibrio, Fretibacterium, Lactivibrio, Pyramidobacter, and Thermoanaerovibrio of the phylum Synergistetes. Although the numbers of analyzed species was not enough to the evaluation of phylogenetic significance in the 9 phyla. In the 105 additionally analyzed strains (species) belonging to 11 other phyla, correlation of their phylogenetic locations and spermidine, homospermidine, and spermine distributions were discussed.
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