The combined addition of Ni and Co is a promising method for stabilizing the ThMn₁₂-type crystal structure without significantly decreasing the saturation magnetization. In this work, the structure and magnetic properties of Sm(Fe-Co)₁₂-B thin films by substituting Ni and Co with a part of Fe sites and adding B were investigated in detail. It was observed that when the Fe sites of Sm(Fe-Co-Ni)₁₂ thin films were partially substituted with Ni, the peak intensity from the ThMn₁₂-type phase decreased, but recovered with increasing the amount of Co substitution. Furthermore, most of the samples with combined Ni and Co substitution had an isotropic or in-plane easy axis of magnetization with respect to the film plane. However, it was confirmed that the easy axis of magnetization was varied to the perpendicular direction by adding a small amount of B to the Sm(Fe-Co-Ni)₁₂ thin films.

  This paper presents an investigation into the performance of a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) utilizing Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃/Fe₁₆N₂ hybrid bonded magnets, developed as an alternative to traditional rare-earth-based magnets. The study aims to address the challenges associated with the high cost and supply chain vulnerabilities of rare-earth materials like neodymium and dysprosium. The motor's torque, efficiency, and losses under various loading conditions are evaluated by applying three-dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM) simulations and conducting experimental validation using a prototype motor. The experimental results closely align with the FEM simulations in terms of torque and efficiency, especially after a 40 mN·m load. However, discrepancies in iron losses are observed, with experimental values being approximately 2.5 W higher than FEM predictions. This variance is attributed to factors such as the rotor's overhang structure and the building factor of the motor core. Additionally, the study demonstrates that optimizing the magnet's properties could lead to a 32% increase in torque output. Future work will focus on improving magnet performance and refining FEM models for more practical applications.