Igamono who served Hachisuka in Tokushima Domain are described in this article as a case of ninja in Edo era. First, they escaped from Iga during the Tensho Iga War and served Horio who was the lord of Hamamatsu Castle. They belonged to the gun unit and took part in the Osaka no Jin (The Siege of Osaka). After Horio came to an end, they served Ikoma who was the lord of Takamatsu Domain. However, Ikoma also ceased to exist, and they served Hachisuka who was the lord of Tokushima Domain. In Tokushima Igamono were mainly appointed to “Iga-Yaku” to guard the castle and the residence of a chief retainer. They also served as guards during Sankin-kotai (the lord travels between Edo and Tokushima). In 1749, they investigated the peasant uprising in Himeji Domain. The social position of Igamono was called Kachi class and Igamono was permitted to inherit the family status. It was the same as the case of Okayama Domain. Compared with the ninja of other domains, they had common duties such as guarding the lord and investigating for other domains. On the other hand, there was a big difference in salaries among ninja of each domain.

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In the article the life of a writer Roman Kim （1899-1967）, who can be called “Soviet Ninja”, is analyzed from a new perspective. Roman Kim is probably the first person who introduced Ninja and Ninjutsu to the general audience of the Soviet Union. In 1927 he wrote a long corpus of commentaries on a book of a writer Boris Pilnyak, and in those commentaries titled as “Legs for a snake”, he introduced Ninjutsu for the first time. Later, in 1960s he decided to write a novel about Ninjutsu that was finally published in 1964 with a title “The School of Ghosts”. It was not merely pulp fiction, but a work that included a lot of information on the subject, based on Japanese books. Since 1922 Kim cooperated with secret police specializing in counter-intelligence. Kim was working against the Japanese spy network in Soviet Union, butin 1937 he was arrested himself on suspicion of being a Japanese double agent. He had been sentenced to 20 years of jail, but after the end of the World War II he was released. After the War he concentrated on writing novels and became bestselling writer. According to the latest evidence, he has been keeping close relations with KGB since 1950s up to the end of his life. However, even now his biography is extremely mysterious and controversial.

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This paper tried to decipher the Shinobinomaki as Ninjutsu-sho（book of Ninjutsu）, it was not very well known until recently. As a result of comparative analysis with other books,some of wepons in the Shinobinomaki was originated from Jujutsu. Ninja studied various martial arts such as Jujutsu,but it was very few included in Ninjutsu-sho. I consider that the Shinobinomaki is valuable historical materials.

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NINJA of SAGA Domain(Naoya FUKAGAWA) / Hirosaki clan - entrusting the fate of the clan to the ninja - (Shigeto Kiyokawa) / Positions and Issues of Ninja Manga in the End of Edo Period - An experimental trial of ninja manga nouveau Shinobino- (Hiroshi HASHIMOTO) / Fusion of Ninja and Black Ward(Norika INAMOTO) / Ninja acceptance in overseas table-talk role playing games(Katsuya YOSHIMARU)

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