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The results of the comparative study on stomatal number and stomatal area per 1mm^2 on leaf of forages, growing in plots classfied on the basis of their moisture contents of soil, were reported in this paper. Italian rye grass, Rye and Oat were used as materials. The results were as follows: 1) The number of stomata per 1mm^2 on leaf of plants varied with growth as well as with the increase of moisture which it is grown. 2) Then umber of stomata per unit area on leaf of Rye and Oat were effected by the amounts of moisture in soil, but effect on Italian rye grass was not clearly distinguished. 3) It was noted that, in this observation at least, the number of stomata per unit area increased from the midrib toward the margin. 4) It was found that the stomata of Italian rye grass growing in cold season were completely absent from the lower surface of leaf. 5) The area of stomata was about 0.3-0.8% of the total upper leaf surface in Italian rye grass, 0.38-1.5%, 0.74-1.46% of those in Rye and Oat. From the above observation and previous reports, considerable water appears to be losed by transpiration from cuticle in Italian rye grass.

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From 1953 to 55, we carried out the analystical study of the relation between growth of Lespedeza and Pleioblastus variegatus, Miscanthus sinensis and Lespedeza crytobotrya, as the main native grass and legumes, by method of reseeding of Lespedeza striata on the 1Ha Sasa type grass land. The method of investigation was as follows: we settled the 420 wooden frame of 60cm spuare in the field. With regard to the each wild grass and Lespedeza striata in the frame, the cover percentage, plant height and density of plants were measured at each spring and autumn and the green matter of this was measured at each autumn. The result obtained as follows. 1) When the green matter of Sasa grass was reached about 1125kg (300kan) per 10a, the introduction of Lespedeza striata reached the limiting point. It assumed that the growth of Pleioblastus variegatus affect the Lespedeza striata, when the cover percentage exceed more than 80% and density of Pleioblastus variegatus was heigh, the growth of Lespedeza striata was not observed. 2) With regard to Miscanthus sinensis, it can be observed that the cover percentage it considerably affects the growth of Lespedeza striata and when Miscanthus sinensis exceed more than 60% the growth of Lespedeza striata was very poor. If the green matter of Miscanthus sinensis within 525kg (140kan) per 10a, we have observed the introduction of Lespedeza striata are made possible. 3) With regard to Lespedeza crytobotrya, it can be observed that the density of it affects the growth of Lespedeza striata. If the green matter of Lespedeza crytobotrya was within 568kg (150kan) per 10a, the introduction of Lespedeza striata are made possible.

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1) This survey was made 20 months after the improvement of the stock range. The examination of grass amount right after the improvement of the range has been already reported in "The Report of the Survey of the Stock Range Improvement in KITAKAMI Special District (1955)". 2) Supposing the weed amount before the improvement of the stock range be 100, the weed amount of the range 20 months after the improvement by the ordinary method was 43.8% and in the range improved by the preventive method of herbicides the weed amount was 33.6%, that is, the latter method has brought 10.2% increase of pasturage. 3) The depth-degree of ploughing leaves remarkable difference in grass amount. The fields being ploughed 15cm deep has produced 11〜16% more grass than the fields ploughed 6cm deep. But this example can be insisted only under the condition of the amount of fertilizer used for this experiment.

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The present authors tried to make the interspecific hybrid between Brassica campestris and B. oleracea more easily by means of grafting (vegetative approximation). Several varieties of turnips were grafted on stocks of cabbage in autumn, 1956. The morphological and cytological variations were not found in the graft generation. In spring, 1957, both scions of grafted plants and control plants (B. compestris) were pollinated with cabbage. From these pollination, no seeds were earned, but the percentage of legumes set was higher than that of the control plants. In next autumn, selfed seeds of the grafted plants and those of the control plants were sown. Three forms in leaf type appeared in the first seed generation of the grafted plants. In Spring, 1958, they were also pollinated with cabbage. From these pollination, no seeds were earned, but the percentage of legumes set was also higher than that of the control plant as similar as the graft generation. Self-fertility in the first seed generation of the grafted plants was also higher than that of the control plants. From these results, it seems to be the probability of getting species-hybrid seeds by means of vegetative approximation (grafting).

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Five varieties of subterranean clover, Dwalganup, Yarloop, Bacchus Marsh, Mount Barker and Clare, all introduced from Australia were broadcasted in late September on four replicated plots and following results were obtained. 1) Significant differences on morphological characters and growth habit were observed among varieties. Yarloop and Clare had comparatively large size of both cotyledon and leaf and showed luxurious fall growth, though the latter variety was severely injured by frost in winter months. Dwalganup was characterized by its small size of leaf, fineness of stem and prostrate habit of growth. 2) Cutting was made in early flowering stage of each variety. In early flowering varieties (Dwalganup and Yarloop), the amount of aftermath nearly equaled to or even exceeded the yield of the first cutting at early flowering stage, but in late flowering varieties, recovery after the first cutting was generally poor. Following order was obtained in total forage yield. Bacchus Marsh>Mount Barker, Clare>Yarloop>Dwalganup 3) Seed yield per 1m^2 plot was compared among varieties. The most productive variety, Dwalganup, produced about 100gr. even in plot where two cutting practices were made. Seed quality was generally good though seed from two cut plot was slightly inferior to that of one cut plot. Also there were some differences in seed size and weight, seed color and hard seed percentage among varieties.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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