Proceedings of the Tokyo Mathematico-Physical Society. 2nd Series
Online ISSN : 2185-2693
ISSN-L : 2185-2693
Volume 7, Issue 20
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
  • K. FUJI
    1914 Volume 7 Issue 20 Pages 369-397_3
    Published: November 16, 1914
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since several new phenomena have been brought to light by the analysis of the oscillograms, and since at present we have not an opportunity to confirm them by further experiments, we are obliged to leave many problems as not positively decided. We shall conclude this paper by summarising the results.
    (1) A formula expressing the time relation of a simple discharge may be got from the theory of probability and is expressed by y=Ae-b2log2x/x0, where y denotes the electromotive force at a time x measured from a certain fixed moment, x0 and b2 being constants.
    (2) In the case of the direct stimulus of short duration, the origin of time in this formula is at the instant of stimulation.
    (3) When the direct stimulation is of a longer duration, the discharges in response to it may be analysed into two simple discharges corresponding to the closing- and the opening-stimulus, and each of them may be represented by the above formula, having its origin at the respective stimulus.
    (4) Taking the value of A as the measure of the excitation, the relation between the intensity of a stimulating current and the excitation in response forms an S-shaped curve which rises from the zero stimulus very slowly, then quickly and after passing an inflexion point on its way, finally approaches asymptotically a constant maximal value.
    (5) With regard to the relation between the duration of a stimulating current and the excitation in response, Hoorweg's decrement factor seems to hold good.
    (6) When a stimulation is given to the nerve, there remains a fatigue which recovers in very short duration and which is called the temporary fatigue by the author.
    (7) The fatigue is characterised by
    a) The prolongation of the modal latent period of the dischrge in response to a stimulus given in the interval influenced by that fatigue.
    b) The decrease in the intensity of the discharge denoted by A in the discharge formula.
    (8) The time relation of the recovery of this fatigue measured by the excess of the modal latent period of the second discharge compared with the normal may be expressed by an exponential function y=Met, and this law of the recovery holds good also in the case of similar results obtained by Lucas in nerve-muscle preparation.
    (9) The abnormal increase in the intensity of the second of the discharges evoked by two successive stimuli may be interpreted by the superposition of the secondary discharge.
    (10) The behaviour of the discharges in response to the two submaximal indirect stimuli separated by an interval shorter than the refractory period gives support to the “all or none” theory.
    (11) In this case, a new phenomenon is probably involved, i.e. the shortening of the modal latent period of the discharge caused by the summation of the subminimal stimuli.
    (12) The discharges in response to submaximal closing- and opening-stimulus indirectly given may be superposed, and the modal latent period corresponding to the opening-stimulus shows the prolongation.
    (13) The fatigue curve in the case of the electric organ very closely resembles that of the contraction of muscle. In both cases, there exist the so-called staircase phenomenon and the other details in a similar way, and this fact indicates the failure of Fröhlich's explanation in the case of muscle.
    (14) The speed of propagation of the excitation is uniform throughout the nerve-trunk whether the point concerned is near to or far from the stimulated point, if the nerve is i n the normal state.
    (15) In the altered part of a nerve, near its periphery end, the speed of propagation becomes small and is accompanied by the decrease of the intensity of the corresponding discharge.
    (16) A spontaneous discharge curve of the living fish
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  • H. NAGAOKA
    1914 Volume 7 Issue 20 Pages 397-403
    Published: November 16, 1914
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • H. NAGAOKA
    1914 Volume 7 Issue 20 Pages 403-412
    Published: November 16, 1914
    Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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