It is theoretically argued that multi-technology fusion has a life cycle like any product innovations. It begins as a researcher starts socialization in doing a research work to integrate a different technological knowledge. Then, an innovation stage emerges as the researcher generates a new knowledge that creates new functions or new product. Innovative knowledge become a routine knowledge as the researcher stops to add a new things moving to a stabilization stage that finishes a life cycle of multi-technology fusion. Innovation of intelligent robotics has a system nature with multi-technology fusion because various professionals and institutes play roles in creating new technology. It starts as a researcher with a cognitive map on the one technology in a firm does interact with another researcher holding another cognitive map on a university or a research institute. Their interaction evolves to collective learning with collective cognitive maps. This collective learning is distinctive feature of robotics innovation by multi-technology fusion in which core element is knowledge activities such as acquisition, assimilation, integration and creation of different robotics technology for a new robot. This paper aims to understand the mechanism and patterns of R&D activities among different organizations like universities, research institutes and firms for an innovation of robotics technology through multi-technology fusion. It investigates the intelligent robotics industry in both Korean and Japan by analyzing a meso-level statistics and taking interviews with professional people.

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This analysis attempts to identify the optimal R&D investment level of the firms and corresponding optimal level of learning efforts. By means of the optimal theory postulated by Pontryagin, mathematical equations identifying firms optimal R&D intensity level and corresponding optimal levels of learning coefficient and marginal productivity of technology were developed. Taking Canon's printers development trajectories, their learning efforts were examined.

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[in Japanese]

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The article compares sectoral systems of innovation (SSI) related to software in the selected Asian countries : China, India, Japan, Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, focusing on industry-academia relations. It attempts to answer a question about the relevance of scientific research in each of the countries for local software companies, using tech mining research method. The analysis focuses on relevant scientific output of individual countries : publications from Compendex database in a 5-years time frame (2000-2004). The paper characterizes the involvement of private sector in scientific research, identifying the leading regional science-based software firms as well as key foreign vendors, conducting software research in Asia. It subsequently analyzes the balance between basic and applied research by clustering applied research topics and verifying contributions to dominant software domains. The analysis helps identify potential inefficiencies and strategic threats in the software sectors of the concerned countries.

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This paper describes a novel scheme of tacit network that accelerates sustainable global innovation. Five years ago, the author proposed a unique concept and structure named "GVIN (Global Ventures Industries Network)". The GVIN was actually realized as a business model to help global ventures to find best global partners, by forming a value chain-hierarchical small network of knowledge, especially tacit knowledge, on both seeds and needs sides. The author has been involved in the actual business operation of GVIN for the last 3 years. Through his empirical observation and analysis, the paper describes how such "tacit knowledge" can effectively transfers through hierarchical small network of tacit knowledge.

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In the early stages of nanotechnology development and diffusion, many expected benefits have not yet been fully accomplished but researchers of many countries in the science fields aggressively involved the relevant research to boost nanotech competitiveness through academic research, and corporations directed their R&D activities towards the exploration of nanotech opportunities. The paper compares science fields' diversification into nanotechnology related research in a global perspective. The main objective is to understand to what extent nanotech research fused with basic scientific research. The research is based on Quantitative method, combining bibliometrics and tech mining, using SCI-EXPANDED database in a 5-years time frame (2000-2004), based on 163 specialist nano^* keywords or fullerene. The research offers useful insights for science & technology policy makers and researchers for traditional science fields in a global Community, revealing fusion of the emerging nanotechnological research, existing country-level competencies and differences between traditional disciplines.

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