Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Carbon which accumulated in human lung were measured, and the relations between concentration of pollutant and age, sex, smoking, residence region, occupation, or cause of death were examined. Thelung specimens (male 477, female 284) of the patients who had died at three hospitals, Tokyo in the period 1988-1993 were provided for the samples to analyze. The concentration levels of PAHs and carbon accumulated in male lungs were significantly higher than those of female lungs. The main accumulation factor of the pollutants in the lung was aging, and the second was occupation in the male group, and residence region or occupation in the female group. The contribution of smoking as the accumulation factor was low. The benzo [α] pyrene, benzo [g, h, i] perylene and carbon concentrations of lung cancer group among male were significantly higher than those of non-cancer group. The PAHs and carbonconcentrations in squamous cell carcinoma group among male were significantly higher than those in non-cancer group. Whereas, there was no difference of the concentration levels in the adenocarcinoma group with those in non-cancer group. Therefore, it was suggested that the difference of histological type of lung cancers is due to xenobiotica accumulation in lung tissue.
On the basis of the results, there is a possibility that fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) associated with PAHs and carbon in atmosphere exerts the influence on an increase prevalenceoflung cancer.

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Papers, timber, plywood, fallen leaves, timbers with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and their mixtures were incinerated to examine emission and the formation factor of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Dioxins) emitted from domestic incinerator.
The temperatures of the furnace of the incinerator were 400-600°C on the average, and carbon monoxide (CO) in the flue gas were high concentration with 0.04-1.8%(v/v), and the change of CO concentration were high. When PVC (0.1-5% w/w) were mixed in timbers, dioxin concentrations in the flue gas were 3.2-1100 ng-TEQ/m³n. The concentration increased with increasing mixing rate of PVC. Mixing ratio of PVC was related to dioxin concentration in the flue gas by the following equation
Y= 140 X ^1.4 X:
PVC % Y: dioxins concentration ng-TEQ/m³n
When PVC of 1 g was combustioned, dioxins were formed about140 ng-TEQ. Dioxin concentrations in the bottom ash increased with the increaseof mixing ratio of PVC.

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An airborne survey was conducted for several years as part of the IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry) project to investigate the influence of air pollutants emitted from East Asia on the chemical characteristics of the atmosphere. In this study, airborne peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and total nitrogen oxide (NOy) measurements from the IGAC project in December 1997 and in February 1999 were determined over the East China Sea from Nagasaki Airport.
Mean value and standard deviation of PAN concentrations from this survey were 0.088±0.053 ppbv (Dec. 9, 12 and 13 in 1997) and 0.56±0.50 ppbv (Feb. 2, 4 and 6 in 1999). Concentration of PAN in 1997 was the lowest level measured in the survey, and the PAN/NOy ratio was very small. On February 4 and 6, 1999, concentrations of PAN were in the range of 0.08-0.48 ppbv and the PAN/NOy ratio was between 14-85%, which were similar to the results of past airborne measurements over the same area.
Concentrations of NOy were in the range of 0.20-3.0 ppbv except for February 2, 1999. The concentration of NOy dramatically increased as theaircraft became more distant from Japan at an altitude of 2500m during the 1997 survey. On the other hand, this increase was not observed below the altitude of 900m, a marine boundary layer. This was due to the transfer of a polluted air mass from the Asian Continent over a bundary layer through the free troposphere.

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Ammonia emissions are important for the study of atmospheric transport and reaction models, because of their effects on the acidification processes of NO_x and SO_x in the atmosphere. Previously no sufficient ammonia emissions data were available for Japan. We have estimated ammonia emissions in Japan during 1994FY and determined their time-space variations. Estimated total ammonia emissions were 0.52 Mt/y, and the greatest contribution, 0.34 Mt/y, was from the agricultural sector, while 0.15 Mt/y was attributed to urban activities. Our estimated molecular ratio of ammonia to NO_x in total emissions was 0.83, and 2.3 to SO_x. The fine-spase disaggretion of estimated emissions was shown to be consistent with the NH₃/NO_x ratio by comparison with previosly measured total NH₃/total NO_x concentration ratio in the atmosphere.

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Introduction of Microsoft Excel macros for environmental data analysis that one (SH) of the present authors has uploaded to web site (http://www.jomon.ne.jp/-hayakari/).
CMB8J, a macro for the CMB analysis, was made by translation of a freeware coded in USA for the CMB apportionment and has some advantages. The CMB8J yields detailed information about the processes of choice of sources and it propose a new performance measure for selection of a set of sources that gives a nice fitting.

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