Purpose: This study aimed to provide suggestions for education strategies that foster nursing studentsʼ selflearning abilities by exploring how characteristics of specific training strategies are associated with training motivation and self-acceptance among nursing students.

Methods: We mailed questionnaires to third-year nursing student enrolled in three-year courses provided by nurse training schools in Kyushu and Okinawa, Japan. Responses were analyzed.

Results: Clinical training strategies showed a higher correlation with resource management strategies than that with meta-cognitive strategies, whereas training motivation showed a higher correlation with contentrelated motivation than that with non-content-related motivation. In addition, self-acceptance was significantly correlated with both social and role identities. Both training motivation and self-acceptance were significantly associated with training strategies and had a positive impact on them.

Discussion: Although nursing students used resource management strategies in their clinical training, they did not make good use of meta-cognitive strategies. Resource management and meta-cognitive strategies are significantly correlated. Enhancing either of these strategies may lead to the development of better training strategies that foster self-learning abilities. The results of our study suggest that educational support that efficiently uses training strategies is an effective way to foster nursing studentsʼ self-learning abilities.

This is an analysis of expressions associated with “dog” and “cat” images in sandplay works made by university students and teachers. There were 411 subjects （298 university students and 113 teachers） and each of them got to engage in sandplay. As a result, “dog” and “cat” images were found in 21.7% of the total works. And in this study, the analysis of the 21 sandplay works （19 university students and 2 teachers） that had “dog” and “cat” images as main characters （including sub-characters） gave the following results. First, “dog” images were seen as ①watchdogs, ②faithful dogs, ③healing pets, ④adventurous dogs, ⑤dogs that fall in love, etc. Second,“cat” images appeared as ①cats as a messengers of a goddess, ②cats that stay at home, ③girls that become cats, ④healing pets, ⑤abandoned cats, ⑥cats that fall in love, ⑦cats that defend territory, etc. In this way, there were some similar meanings between the two animals, as well as differing or original meanings. Moreover, in the sandplay works that had both animals, the theme “live happily with a pet” and the contrary “a pet abandoned by its master” were seen. On the basis of these results, the differences between “dog” and “cat” images was considered.

In the current study, we examine how mother-daughter proximity is associated with the approaching independence of adolescent girls and their mental health. In 159 female college students, we analyzed this using a mother-child coherence standard, mental independence standard for mother-child relationships, and GHQ28. As a result of looking at each factor of mother-daughter proximity and mental independence, we classified the relationships into the “close contact type,” “dependent/conflicted type,” “independent type,” and “estranged mother-child relationship type.” Itʼs felt that in the “independent type,” the close proximity of mother and daughter worked positively towards the daughtersʼs psychological independence and mental health, while the distant proximity of the “estranged mother-child relationship type” was detrimental to the daughterʼs psychological independence and mental health. In addition, it also suggests that the “independent” and “estranged” types closely resemble results from Mizumoto and Yamaneʼs 2010 research. It was also shown that close proximity in the “close contact type” and distant proximity in the “dependent/conflicted type” were both detrimental to the daughterʼs psychological independence and mental health.

This research elicited the help of willing elderly participants to perform the Landscape Montage Technique（ herein LMT） and with the purpose of comparing the results to previous research and contributing to fundamental research. In contrast to Tsuyoshi Asada et. al.（ 2010） who performed the research at a nursing home for elderly people with special needs, our research with conducted with elderly people living in households. In the analysis, the elderly participants first performed LMT and the data gathered was compared with previous research by Hirota （1986）. And itʼs what elderly people are feeling in the place where they live. Also, we utilized the qualitative research Steps for Coding and Theorization （herein SCAT） for the stories told, and considered the mental disposition of the participants projected in each item. For LMT with elderly people, the mental imagery of the participants was easily reflected, and with SCAT the concepts that the participants linked to each item shown was clearly extracted. From the results above, it is thought that elderly participantsʼ consciousness of “aging,” their insecurities, and living environment were easily expressed through the LMT.

This study aimed to ascertain knowledge of postpartum depression, and conditions relevant to postpartum depression, and clarify the contributing factors relevant to the expressions of postpartum depression. Participants were 109 mothers raising children of infant to preschool age, and self-administered questionnaires were distributed to them. The average age of the participant was 32.4±4.4 years, and had an average of 1.4±0.7 children. From the 62 mothers who exhibited at least one of the following: psychosomatic symptoms, negative feelings toward child, and/or self-awareness of postpartum depression, we analyzed whether environmental factors, knowledge, individual factors, or an irregular peripartum menstruation were related to the expressions of postpartum depression. As a result, we found that two knowledge-based factors （general knowledge of postpartum depression and knowledge of the psychosomatic symptoms） and one environment-based factor（occupation） were related to expressions of depression. We feel that it is important to create an environment where mothers can feel safe expressing their symptoms of postpartum depression by providing information about it before and during pregnancies and reduce prejudices associated with it.

This thesis attempts to reveal what the literature describes as the qualities attained by ʻa good nurseʼ, with an increased focus on ethical virtues, to add suggestions for ethical education during basic nursing education. According to a search on the Japan Medical Abstracts Society Website, the keyword ʻa good nurseʼ elicited nine original papers cited between 1983 and February 2017. Of these papers, the subject of investigation was seen to be nurses in 3 papers, student nurses in 2 papers, patients or their families in 2 papers, nursing faculty in one paper, and a change in textbook content in one paper. Qualities of ʻa good nurseʼ were outlined from an ethics viewpoint as ʻself-examination of experienceʼ, ʻethical principles of actions and decisionsʼ, ʻvirtuesʼ, and ʻa sense of common goodʼ. Since the beginning of nursing education in Japan, in textbooks the qualities of a nurse as a person and as a specialist, and ethical virtues have been outlined. To nurture ʻa good nurseʼ, the importance of both the knowledge, ability and skill of a professional based on ethical values and the development of ethical principles have been suggested.

The problem of damage to agricultural and forestry resources is increasing in severity. The Japanese government has ordered local governments to develop control plans, and the local governments have created “population culling plans.” Local governments are carrying out the plan with local hunting groups by culling wildlife and maintaining reasonable numbers. On the other hand, with the idea of using this wild game as food, they are publicly funding game processing facilities and testing the distribution of game meat. This paper is an attempt to make sense of these systems through the theories of “law and economics.”Among the policy-based implications, some of the best solutions of the issues include internalizing the costs of harmful wildlife control in agricultural yields, capturing animals alive with enclosed traps, and breeding the captured animals temporarily to remove the competition for food resources and improve the quality of the meat for stronger results

After perusing the “VS. TOKYO Return to Tokushima General Strategy” developed by Tokushima Prefecture to stop the decrease in population, we now hold the viewpoint that the problem of population decrease should be solved by us, the younger generation. Itʼs predicted that Tokushima Prefecture will realize a decreased population and hyper-aging society sooner than the rest of the country. As the overall population decreases, so does the working population, causing a variety of problems like a weakening of economic growth and economic activity, and with a decrease in the next generation comes difficulty to carry on traditional events and perpetuate culture. At first we thought that this issue was something for someone else to solve, but as we felt how close it affected us, we analyzed the problem from a “younger generation standpoint” and considered what is wanted and needed from policies that encourage younger people to get married and raise children. In particular, we focused on the realizability of the prefectureʼs policies, and how crucial it is for the opinions of young women of childbearing age to be heavily considered and reflected in policy decisions

In addition to the lack of financial resources in recent years, currents of the era such as the aging population, advanced information technology and globalization have increased the need for a theoretical foundation for building public consensus about public works projects. Based on the above, this paper argues how there should be a consensus building process between local governments and their residents, investigating the meaning of “agreement” and “consensus building” informed by the policy formation process while referring to existing studies, from the perspective of a local governmentʼs staff aiming at consensus building with its residents. However, if we forget that bureaucracy and residents must start on equal footing to search for a reasonable solution together, it will end up a process of justifying the imposition of someoneʼs interests. Therefore, the fundamental point of our study is not to force residents to accept the local government policy but to explore the way of how to come to an understanding about the suitability of the policy.

According to the “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th version（DSM-5）”, Pervasive Developmental Disorders （PDD） are diagnosed as Autism Spectrum Disorders （ASD）. This study aims to analyze the relationship between autism spectrum traits, supportive needs for university life, and employability. Almost 200 university students were surveyed with three questionnaires：（1）autism spectrum,（2）supportive needs, and（3）employability. The data was analyzed statistically using factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results are threefold：（1）those who have more autism spectrum traits tend to feel more difficulties at University, （2）those who have more autism spectrum traits tend to have less employability, and （3）we were able to divide students into five groups based on their autism spectrum traits and employability criteria, and found that 8% of the total students had both strong autism spectrum traits and low employability.

The purpose of this paper is to look at the practical contents for the full-blown implementation of active learning during the 2016 fiscal year by the School of Policy Studies of Tokushima Bunri University, and to highlight the meaningful and problematic aspects of active learning that have surfaced since then. The first section covers the meaning of active learning, history of the implementation, and the issues that have since surfaced from an overall perspective. The second section looks at the present educational system in the School of Policy Studies. The third section covers important points in the implementation of active learning, based on information from the JUCEʼs Inter-discipline Active Learning Discussion Group that the author participated in December 2016. The fourth section covers the outline, results, and issues around active learning tested in the authorʼs 2016 2nd term class “Promotion of Small/Medium Enterprises” with the cooperation of Tokushima Guarantee.

[Objective] Recently, many university students do not enjoy making clothing. In particular, they tend to avoid troublesome work like taking out the stitching and resewing, and the finished product is often sloppy. The creation of unwearable clothes only reinforces averseness to the task. So I tried something new and broadened the scope to outside of the classroom in order for the students to experience the joy and fun of making clothes, which hopefully will lead to a love of sewing. [Method] I had nursery school children draw their dream clothes that they want to wear, and the university students created them. The students visited the nursery school several times, having the children try on the clothes before finishing them. The fabric was leftover from a wedding dress making project in class. During the year it took to complete the clothes, the university students witnessed the growth of the children, and in the end the completed clothes were given to them. [Results] The initially shy nursery school children slowly warmed up to the university students with repeated visits for measuring, basting, and trying on clothes, and began to look forward to each visit. The university students also worked with more enthusiasm towards meeting the expectations of the children. The clothes were more carefully produced with a nicer result than before. The university students no doubt felt great joy and increased confidence upon finishing the clothes they had worked a whole year on for the children.

By utilizing time for a “supervised seminar” in the third year, this practice tried to increase the level of understanding of facultyʼs personal profile information, including career and research achievements, as well as the level of utilizing the information among students at the Department of Childhood Education of the School of Human Life Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University. The intention is to have students graduate with various and useful influences from diverse faculty members of the department. This practice basically has a three-part structure: Module 1 identifies studentsʼ understanding of facultyʼs personal profiles; Module 2 deepens understanding of faculty profile information; and Module 3 shapes constructive relationships with faculty based on the profile information students understood and identified. In Module 1, how students understand facultyʼs personal profiles was asked, and it turned out that little attention was paid to positions, academic degrees, and research achievements. However, career was clearly identified. Students understood the value of faculty who used to be primary/secondary school teachers, but showed limited understanding of the value of faculty without teaching experience in primary or secondary education. In subsequent Module 2, students were instructed to prepare a comparative list of personal profiles of full-time faculty members at the Department of Childhood Education; in the department, the number of faculty without teaching experience in primary or secondary education is higher than faculty who used to be primary/secondary school teachers, and students tried to capture roles that each type endeavored to fulfill. Finally in Module 3, students were instructed to discuss relationships with faculty to make future student life more meaningful, based on their new understanding of the profiles; students commented to each other about interest in faculty with whom they had not been actively involved. The educational advocacy action above helped students to understand university faculty―professionals who are not readily understood―and students who became able to decode faculty profile information gained a more constructive attitude toward diverse faculty members.

This paper discusses the historical changes and educational issues to date of the 2-year assistant nurse educational system since its establishment on an “interim” basis in response to societal demands. The educational mission of the 2-year assistant nurse educational system is to train assistant nurses into fully competent nurses for as long as school programs are graduating assistant nurses into the medical work force. We believe that the educational objective is for all individuals involved in education to push forward and improve educational quality with a sense of self-awareness and pride.

This article evaluates and considers why the 2007 “Tokushima City Central Urban District Revitalization Plan” was not effective, looking at the “Report on City Center Vitalization from Administrative Monitoring and Evaluation”（ 2004, Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications） and “Recommendations for the Revitalization of City Centers”（2013, City Center Vitalization Task Force of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industryʼs Industrial Structure Council）. Based on those findings combined with Adachiʼs （2011） six factors necessary for the revival of shuttered shopping arcades and city center decline, and based on results of evaluating Tokushima Cityʼs plans and the awareness of the neighborhoodʼs current situation and needs, we suggested a plan for central urban district vitalization that takes advantage of Tokushima Cityʼs strong points as advice for what the city and the areaʼs residents should do. We contend that the reason that the Tokushima City Central Urban District Revitalization Plan is ineffective is because of the inappropriateness of the goal setting and project selection due to the insufficient awareness of the present situation and the needs of the areaʼs residents.