We developed "Back modulation type flat CRT". The problem of this flat CRT was the vibration of line cathode. In order to eliminate the vibration, an arch cathode type flat CRT was developed. The present study indicates that it can be used for display devices.

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An analog gamma correction circuit for computer monitor displays has been developed. It consists of a logarithm converter, a variable gain amplifier and an exponent converter. Consequently, it has become possible that the exponent of a conversion characteristic of the gamma correction circuit is controlled easily and color reproduction of CRT display is stable independently of users' adjustment.

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A focusing magnet of this system consists of a cast magnet and a bonded magnet adjacent to a convergence yoke. The bonded part is applied to reduce eddy current loss. As a result, we have improved focusing characteristics and power consumpsion.

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We have developed the deflection yoke (DY) with several convergence correction functions for 51cm super high resolution color display. It has a convergence yoke with U-shaped cores and a new convergence circuit. As a result, it has achieved higher deflection sensitivity and more precise convergence correction.

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SrSe : Ce/ZnS : Mn multilayer TFEL devices have been prepared to obtain white emission. It is shown that the chromaticity of the white eission is improved by annealing after the deposition of all layers of the device. The devices demonstrates red and green emission with good chroma-ticity by using color filters, but the improvement of the chromaticity of blue emission is necessary.

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In the present paper, we fabricated the field emitter arrays with n type silicon wafers, and coated them with W. I_A-V_<CG> characteristics shifted to low voltage during several measurements due to the absorption gas molecules on the emitter surface.

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The Digital Micro-mirror Device (DMD) spatial light modulator is a new digital display technology[1-2]. It provides for a direct digital interface between the baseband video signal processing and the display. This paper describes the impact of a DMD display and the architecture of an all-digital display utilizing a DMD and programmable Scan-line Video Processors(SVP).

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We have proposed a rubbing strength parameter to express rubbing condition but an important parameter, pile impression depth was not included in the rubbing strength parameter. To solve this problem, we derive new rubbing strength parameter base on friction energy between rubbing depth and polymer surface on the substrate, which is theoretically calculated considering elastic deformation of fiber of rubbing clothes. The validity of this parameter is confirmed by experiment.

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We calculate the azimuthal surface anchoring strength on the rubbed polymer surface due to the steric interaction, and compare the result with the measured data. It is concluded from this result that the steric interaction have a dominant effect on the alignment of LC molecules on such surface.

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The crystal rotation method is commonly used to measure the pretilt angle in liquid crystal cells, while the measurable range of the pretilt angle is limited. We propose a new optical measurement method without the limitation. In the new method, the pretilt angle is determined only by obtaining the ordinary or extraordinary wave direction for the liquid crystal cells.

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The pretilt angle is one of the most important parameter for the designing of liquid crystal devices(LCDs). It is reported by several researchers that the pretilt angle of LC changes by heat treatment, while its mechanism has not yet been clearly understood. In this paper, we will discuss the mechanism of the change in LC pretilt angle based on various experimental results.

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Bend-alignment LC cells of a smaller retardation resulting in a much wider viewing angle in OCB-mode LCDs is reported. To avoid the decrease of transmittance in bright state due to the reduction of cell thickness, liquid-crystal materials with a smaller K_<33>/K_<11> ratio can be selected to lower down the minimum voltage of the stable bend structure. The influence of polarizer properties on the contrast of OCB mode is also discussed.

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This driving method have achieved the gray scale driving by supplied basic voltage to data line in term suitable for gray level, and supplied ramp voltage to common electrode, and storage capacitor line and scanning line. As a result, we have succeeded in developement of simple gray scale driving method, having low voltage driving and multi gray scale by simple structure data driver, for TFT liquid crystal display.

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A new driving method (level-shift driving method) has been applied to a high-aperture-ratio TFT-LCD, and a high quality image has been achieved. In the level-shift driving method, this type of TFT-LCD with larger capacitive load can be driven without waveform distortion, because the potential of capacitive load is fixed.

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Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator(LC-SLM) is basically a high resolution optical-to-optical image converter. The device embodies a photoconductor, a loght reflection mirror and a liquid crystal layer. It is important that the photoconductive layer has a high resistance in dark. In this paper, uses of reverse biased p-i-n photoconductor are discussed under an additional DC bias for the compensation. Contrast and response time of the display are developed by applying this DC bias.

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We study photocurrent in Poly-Si TFT/PDLC(Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) panel by comparing the effective voltages in different driving schemes, we separate leakage current through liquid crystal from the photocurrent. The estimated photocurrent is proportional to the illuminance of light.

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In recent years, Liquid Crystal Display(LCD) panels have been developed as light valves for projectors. This paper describes an outline of the signal processing for WS-LCDPJ, which has been developed, using three 4.2-inch a-Si TFT-LCDs with 1,280×1,024 pixels.

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A liquid crystal projector for workstations use with 1280 × 1024 pixels 3 panels has been developed. Brightness more than 400 lumen and its uniformity better than 40% liquid crystal projector is realized by polarization converter and total optical system design.

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For the purpose of realizing the very fine barrier electrode ac plasma displays, we fabricated the testing panles with 0.5mm pitch by sandblasting method. By investigating we changed the materials of dielectric layer and sandblasting powder. We were able to exclude the damage of dielectric layer by sandblasting.

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We analyzed the operation of the Barrier-Ribs Electrode ac Plasma Display by the computer simulation. It's proved that Barrier-Ribs Electrode ac Plasma Display have the sufficient memory margin even by applied voltage with a very short pulse width. This means that Barrier-Ribs Electrode ac Plasma Display have the advantage of high speed addressability compared with the other kinds of plasma displays. And it's proved that Barrier-Ribs Electrode ac Plasma Display is higher luminance and luminous efficiency than the other kinds of plasma displays.

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The present work has focused on reducing the firing voltage applying a mixture of CaO and SrO for the protecting layer. The basic caracteristics of contamination on the protecting layer for several kinds of mixture of CaO and SrO were investigated by using ESCA. Consequently, firing voltage of the panel using only CaO is lower than that of MgO.

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We developed MgO paste of T-5α in order to use thick-film-printing technology for fabricating MgO protecting layer in ac plasma displays. Annealing process of screen-printed MgO film has been definitely clarified by the DSC measurements. Capability to apply sputtering method to fabricate MgO film was investigated.

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A photosensitive insulator has been developed. Barrier ribs 50μm wide and 150μm high and white back layers with 150x150μm holes were formed experimentally on a rear plate of an 8-in. panel. Using the barrier ribs and white back layers made of the insulator, the stable panel operation was obtained without gas contamination.

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It is necessary to fabricate high-resolution PDPs for HDTV. But it is difficult to fabricate them with conventional screen-printing method. So, high-resolution PDPs were fabricated with sandblasting method. The PDPs have about two times resolution than conventional dc-type PDPs. And the new panels were investigated by a pulse-memory technique.

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In order to obtain stable pulse memory operation in color DC PDP with reflective-type phosphor screen, relationship between the memory margin and the priming gap was examined. It was clarified that priming gap should be as small as possible for stable memory operation. Hi-Vision pictures could be reproduced on the new 40-inch panel devised on the basis of the study.

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The measurement of the change in sustain voltage in DC PDPs' cell was compared with the observation of cathode surface with microscope camera at the same time. As a result, the period of the sustain-voltage change corresponded to the repetition between deposition and disappearance materials for thick-film printed cathode.

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We studied the dependence of the life on both the diffused Hg and the gas pressure for DC-PDPs with Ni cathode. Following results were obtained : (1) Hg hardly affects the lifetime of the panels as the gas pressure becomes higher. (2) Hg suppresses the change of sustain voltage as long as 15,000 hours test.

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We developed the new master control system which attached importance to human interface. This paper describes the system concept and functions feature.

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We developed a new expert system which applies to Television Master Control System and realized high-operability.

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We constructed the free system of phase management by adopting the digital phase regulator. This paper describes the techniqe of phase management.

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This paper describes an outline of video block diagram of TBS Broadcast Center, in which bit-serial digital composite transmission will be realized on a large scale.

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This paper describes an outline of audio block diagram of TBS Broadcast Center, in which AES/EBU digital transmission is realized on a large scale.

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We developed a new Solid State Audio File System composed of flash memories as a recording medium. The new compression technology was developed to increase storage capacity.

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A receiver of ID signals added to audio program is newly developed.On this receiver, ID signals are detected with DSP and output of the result is controled by CPU. Using DSP, ability to distinguish ID signals from white noise, reliability and flexibility can be obtained.

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The authors have developed a composite/component digital switcher, DTS-700 series. Considering recent movement in studio systems from composite to component video format, the switcher was designed to be easily modified to above each video format, and to meet various requirements, such as multi-format, easy operation, space saving, and etc.

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We have developped a new type of news sending system. This system is operated easily by anyone, and the order of news items can be changed easily. The automatic control system of VTR sound level is also described.

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The animation display system for a marathon runner, by using PICOT system is improved and added to deal with a runner's face. In this paper, how to present the information of runner's state is descrived.

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We developed a new light controllable luminaire using a high heat-resistant liquid crystal light shutter and a Xenon spotlight equipment for TV lighting. The luminaire with this light shutter driven by external pulsed signal has high extinction ratio, excellent controllability and good color temperature characteristics.

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We have succeede in an experiment of antenna direction system for FPU using the GPS attitude determination receiver which made a direction measurement possible. In spite of smaller antenna, we could secure neccessary precision and efficiency.

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A new synchronization algorithm for a serial interface of digital television signals is proposed to meet two user-requirements, i.e. quick recovery after switching and secure protection under a poor condition. In the new algorithm correct EAVs with protection bit are always captured without backward protection to establish a quick synchronization while synchronization is kept due to flywheel effect even EAVs are not found at the expected timing. The calculation results prove that the new algorithm show a performance to meet the user-rquirements.

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We have developed a software simulation system for MUSE decoder. This system offers a useful means for verifications of MUSE system.

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In order to improve stationary picture quality in MUSE system, we have examined 12MHz filter and 2 dimensional filter, which are used in stationary signal processing of MUSE. Reconsideration of those filters leads to improvement of ringing, aliasing and resolution characteristics. New filters have been proved to be well compatible with the current system.

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We have developed a new type of video noise reducer based on a shifting a d.c. level of noisy video signal and a median type of filter for a noise detector. We have examined this new type of noise reducer in practice using a MUSE decoder. This new noise reducer showed better performance than a conventional noise coring reducer in a picture quality and a noise reduction ratio.

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This paper describes a chrominance signal processing of stationary areas for MUSE decoder. We have investigated the effectiveness of applying a low-pass filter after inter-frame interpolation by computer simulation. As a result, we could reduce the aliasing interference for diagonal signals.

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Chrominance signal processing appended low pass filter in the MUSE decoder has been newly developed. As the result of studying of this filter, 8th order filter was sufficient to suppress aliasing interference.

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