The study on how micro computers are used for the educational purposes started around 1975, when micro computers were used for the control of random access slides, for training in information processing and processing of tests using a "hand-made" computer or a so-called Single Board Computer. Number of papers published on this subject has been rapidly increasing since 1977, and micro computers have come to be extensively employed in educational programs. Papers on the study of individualized education have been most frequently published, and it understood that micro computers are mainly used in the fields of CMI, analysis of classroom teaching, simulation, education for data processing, education and training of skills and techniques for the handicapped, preparation of educational materials, and educational information retrieval. Presently, micro computers are more individualized or specialized compared to the existing main frame or mini computers. The reasons for this are: (1) the price kind of meets the budget set for the actual fields of education (2) micro computers can sufficiently meet the demands if it has a processing capacity for a unit comprised by one class or one grade; (3) micro computers are readily available for the users as the need arises; and (4) it has a remarkable capacity for displaying graphs, etc. Today, personal computers in which a CRT, key board, printer, etc. are incorporated are employed widely in educational programs, and an attempt is being made on packaging the processed programs. It is considered that in the future as transfer of files or programs through the local network increases, and the educational programs are converted into the data-base, the standardization of the protocol for exchange of files will become necessary.
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