Dynamic resource management has become an active area of research in the Cloud Computing paradigm. Cost of resources varies significantly depending on configuration for using them. Hence efficient management of resources is of prime interest to both Cloud Providers and Cloud Users. In this work we suggest a probabilistic resource provisioning approach that can be exploited as the input of a dynamic resource management scheme. Using a Video on Demand use case to justify our claims, we propose an analytical model inspired from standard models developed for epidemiology spreading, to represent sudden and intense workload variations. We show that the resulting model verifies a Large Deviation Principle that statistically characterizes extreme rare events, such as the ones produced by “buzz/flash crowd effects” that may cause workload overflow in the VoD context. This analysis provides valuable insight on expectable abnormal behaviors of systems. We exploit the information obtained using the Large Deviation Principle for the proposed Video on Demand use-case for defining policies (Service Level Agreements). We believe these policies for elastic resource provisioning and usage may be of some interest to all stakeholders in the emerging context of cloud networking.

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The observed features of a given phenomenon are not all equally informative : some may be noisy, others correlated or irrelevant. The purpose of feature selection is to select a set of features pertinent to a given task. This is a complex process, but it is an important issue in many fields. In neural networks, feature selection has been studied for the last ten years, using conventional and original methods. This paper is a review of neural network approaches to feature selection. We first briefly introduce baseline statistical methods used in regression and classification. We then describe families of methods which have been developed specifically for neural networks. Representative methods are then compared on different test problems.

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Oral anticoagulation is the most effective drug for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). Until recently, the only oral anticoagulant drug class available for our clinical use is the Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs, e.g. warfarin). Nonetheless, warfarin use is limited by significant inter- and intra-patient variability, as well as the dis-utility of needing anticoagulation monitoring (to keep within a narrow therapeutic range) and the diet/drug/alcohol restrictions associated with these drugs. Thus, prior stroke risk stratification guidelines have tried to artificially divide patients into low, moderate and high stroke risk strata, eventhough these categories do not have good predictive ability. Given the dis-utility associated with the VKAs, uptake of oral anticoagulation is also limited, with high rates of discontinuation after initiation. With the availability of new oral anticoagulant drugs (either the oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral Factor Xa inhibitors class of drugs), a paradigm shift has been made towards getting better at identifying truly low risk patients who do not need any antithrombotic therapy, whilst those patients with one or more stroke risk factors can be considered for oral anticoagulation. The latter can be given as well controlled warfarin, or one of the new oral anticoagulants. This approach is recommended within the 2010 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of AF.

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Objective: To examine morphological changes of the

and nose during resting and protrusion in patients with unilateral cleft .

Methods: A total of 41 patients with unilateral cleft

who underwent primary repair were included in the study population. The distortion of the and nose was measured and evaluated using photographs of the preoperative and postoperative resting lips and the postoperative protruding lips.

Results: The position of the labial commissure on the affected side was cranially deviated before

repair, and the deviation remained after surgery. The degree of cranial deviation was increased by protrusion. The position of the alar base on the affected side was caudally deviated before repair and improved after surgery; however, it was displaced cranially by protrusion. Horizontal displacement of the and nose was improved after surgery, and there was no change during protrusion.

Conclusions: The characteristic facial distortion in patients with unilateral cleft

were confirmed. Patients with cleft had distortions in the labial commissure and the nose. One of the important future challenges in cleft treatment is to focus on changes caused by muscle movement and provide natural and symmetrical facial expressions.

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In Japan, a common method of treating waste incineration fly ash prior to disposal is using chelating agents (chelate), chemical organic compounds that can immobilize the heavy metals in the fly ash and prevent their leaching into the environment. The objective of this study is to deepen the understanding of how mercury in waste incineration fly ash is immobilized by chelate-complexation. Three factors have been studied thus far, namely, chelate/mercury ratio, chelate storage time and the effect of co-existing ions. Standard mercury chloride (HgCl₂) and chelate solution were mixed at an initial Hg concentration of 100 μg/L with chelate-Hg ratios ranging from 0.01 to 10. The solutions were then tested for free Hg using a mercury analyzer using tin(II) chloride as a reducer to convert any free Hg, which is not bound by the chelate, into gaseous elemental Hg. For the co-existing ionic effect study, ion-Hg ratio method was similarly adopted. Investigations have found that high chelate concentrations exceeding a ratio of 3 promoted the increase in free Hg. Moreover, co-existing ions such as Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were found to have reduced chelate-mercury complexation. Chelate storage time, however, does not affect complexation efficiency.

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It inevitably comes out information overload problem with the increasing available data on e-commence websites. Most existing approaches have been proposed to recommend the users personal significant and interesting items on e-commence websites, by estimating unknown rating which the user may rate the unrated item, i.e., rating prediction. However, the existing approaches are unable to perform user prediction and item prediction, since they just treat the ratings as real numbers and learn nothing about the ratings' embeddings in the training process. In this paper, motivated by relation prediction in multi-relational graph, we propose a novel embedding model, namely RPEM, to solve the problem including the tasks of rating prediction, user prediction and item prediction simultaneously for recommendation systems, by learning the latent semantic representation of the users, items and ratings. In addition, we apply the proposed model to cross-domain recommendation, which is able to realize recommendation generation in multiple domains. Empirical comparison on several real datasets validates the effectiveness of the proposed model. The data is available at https://github.com/yuzhaour/da.

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming a major health care burden as elderly populations increase. The increased risk of stroke and thromboembolisms in patients with AF is well documented and antico-agulation with adjusted-dose warfarin is highly effective in reducing stroke risk, being superior to antiplatelet agents. Despite recognition of the epidemiological problem and the sound evidence base for thromboprophylaxis, as well as major guidelines recommending treatment, anticoagulation use is still suboptimal, given the dis-utility and limitations associated with warfarin. Recent developments in thromboprophylaxis for AF include efforts for better risk stratification for predictions of thromboembolic risk. Constant efforts are underway to develop newer, less cumbersome, alternatives to warfarin with similar (or better) efficacy. This review article provides an overview of the recent progress made, the potential challenges involved and the future of these therapeutic approaches.

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In the last several decades, the spread of ‘being alone’ has become a distinct trend among young people in Korea, especially among those aged in their 20s and 30s. Negative attitude to marriage and activities such as ‘honbap’ (‘dining alone’) and ‘honsul’ (‘drinking alone’) have emerged as the challenge to collectivistic culture that emphasizes the values and goals of collectivity. On the other hand, the search for alternative forms of togetherness (for example, social dining) has also been noted. According to Emile Durkheim’s theory of social solidarity, individual has become more sacred than collectivity in the transition to modern society, so that individualism should be the new basis of social integration. In his concept of ‘moral individualism,’ Durkheim emphasizes that the whole society must make moral individualism a reality through social institutions. From his theoretical point of view, the cultural and institutional support for moral individualism is not yet sufficient in Korean society. The point is that the whole society must seek to create social network of independent and autonomous individuals.

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Knowledge graph (KG) embedding aims at learning the latent semantic representations for entities and relations. However, most existing approaches can only be applied to KG completion, so cannot identify relations including unseen entities (or Out-of-KG entities). In this paper, motivated by the zero-shot learning, we propose a novel model, namely JointE, jointly learning KG and entity descriptions embedding, to extend KG by adding new relations with Out-of-KG entities. The JointE model is evaluated on entity prediction for zero-shot embedding. Empirical comparisons on benchmark datasets show that the proposed JointE model outperforms state-of-the-art approaches. The source code of JointE is available at https://github.com/yzur/JointE.

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-reading is to recognize what someone is saying from motion of . Since -reading is able to recognize one's words without voice, it is robust against noisy environment. To achieve accurate recognition results, accurate shape of contour should be detected. In this paper, a new algorithm to detect accurate contour of is proposed. Since, Sampled Active Contour Model(S-ACM) reacts only with edge information, the discontinuous edge of causes shape errors. The proposed algorithm generates accurate shape of , even though there is discontinuity in the edge, by combining color and brightness information with conventional S-ACM. In addition, the proposed algorithm is able to cope with misdetection of contour by using gradient information of points on the contour.

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-seal strength is important for articulating bilabials, capturing food during eating, maintaining fluid within the oral cavity before swallowing, and achieving swallowing pressure. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of -seal resistance training on -seal strength in young adults. The participants comprised 15 young healthy adults aged 26–34 years, all with complete dentition. Each was required to perform -seal resistance training 5 weekdays a week for 4 weeks with a commercially available instrument for that purpose. The instrument was placed on the midline, left corner, and right corner of the mouth, and pulled forward, leftward, and rightward, respectively. The participants were required to pull the training instrument forcefully while resisting by closing the lips together as strongly as possible until the instrument exited the lips. -seal strength was measured at before and after training using a measurement device. Change in -seal strength between before and after training was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The mean -seal strength was 8.9±1.5 N before training and 10.4±1.8 N after. A significant difference was observed in -seal strength between before and after training (p=0.003), and the mean increase during the training period was 18.1±17.6%. The results showed that -seal resistance training for 4 weeks increased -seal strength in young adults. These findings suggest that training that involves pulling not only in a forward direction, but also in bilateral directions strongly stimulates the orbicularis oris muscle, resulting in an increase in -seal strength.

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Surgical treatment of unilateral cleft

is a difficult procedure, partly because many anatomical variants exist. The cleft has no excess tissue; hence, tissue from the cleft side cannot reach the normal side, even if all white tissue from the cleft side is preserved. Therefore, a basic concept is necessary to perform surgery according to a patient's anatomical diversity. Herein, we describe the essential concepts of unilateral cleft surgery. Specifically, the surgeon can insert the Millard's rotation advancement flap, Onizuka's small triangular flap, and Noordhoff's vermilion triangular flap into the median . An incision of the white should be made at the margin of the cleft to maximize tissue preservation. The amount of rotation and advancement is determined by the degree to which the contracture (hypoplasia of the tissue) can be released, and the median can be brought down to a normal level.

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[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on

strength and closure function of patients with dysphagia after stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Eight patients with dysphagia were recruited. NMES was applied to the orbicularis oris muscle. All the participants received NMES for 30 min/d, 5 d/wk, for 4 weeks. strength was measured using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument. To assess closure, the closure subitem of the videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale was used. [Results] strength showed significant improvement and closure function showed a significant decrease. [Conclusion] This study demonstrates that NMES is useful for improving strength and closure function.

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Purpose: A new method inducing the physiologic rest position of the mandible using the

contact position with the closed mouth have compared with those obtained using conventional methods of placing the mandible in the physiologic rest position.

Methods: The

contact position with the closed mouth as a method was investigated whether the technique was useful for determining the occlusal vertical dimension. The relationship between the space between the maxillary and mandibular front teeth in the contact position with the closed mouth and the areas of the prolabia was also investigated.

Results: Median space between the maxillary and mandibular front teeth in the

contact position with the closed mouth was 1.53 mm, a value intermediate between the value of 2.16 mm in the resting mandibular position obtained by the conventional technique and that of 1.33 mm in the swallowing position. The coefficient of variation of the space in the contact position with the closed mouth was significantly lower than those in the resting mandibular position and in the swallowing position. A significant positive correlation was recognized between the space in the contact position with the closed mouth and the area of the prolabium of the upper .

Conclusions: These results clarified that the

contact position with the closed mouth obtained the excellent reproducibility comparing to the conventional methods. These findings suggested that the area of the prolabium of the upper might offer an effective index for individual determination of the correct free-way space.

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The purpose of this study was to apply the prediction of soft tissue changes to diagnosis by Arnett analysis, which includes various soft tissue analysis measurements. We evalu­ ated the pre­ and post­treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of adult female pa­ tients whose treatment required extraction of four premolars. We applied Arnett analysis to calculate the soft­ and hard­tissue changes and their correlation. The extent of mandi­ bular incisor retraction was almost the same as that of lower

retraction. The upper

lip

experienced more variation in response to retraction than the lower

lip

. Our results indi­ cated that lower

lip

changes that occur as a result of mandibular incisor changes can be partially predicted. Also, we found few significant differences or correlations between hard tissue changes and changes in

lip

thickness, or in the vertical location of the inci­ sors and the lips. With regard to

lip

thickness, which is a specific item of Arnett analysis,it was found that the upper

lip

retracted while there was negligible change in its thick­ ness, and that the lower

lip

retracted while its thickness increased. Because we found that soft tissue changes included

lip

thickness, we concluded that Arnett analysis is use­ ful for diagnosis. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2016 ;50 : 63-­71)

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Purpose: This study aimed to examine changes in the form, oral fissure form and vermilion height of complete denture wearers resulting from altered occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and/or support.
Methods: Three-dimensional facial images of 10 edentulous patients (four males and six females) when wearing six experimental record blocks (ExpRBs) with varying OVD and/or support were analyzed. Analysis was performed using three landmarks on the mid-line (labrale superius (ls), stomion (sto), and labrale inferius (li)) and two landmarks on the oral fissure (at points 20 mm right and left of the midline (r-OFP and l-OFP, respectively)). Curvature of the oral fissure (COF) in the frontal view was evaluated by calculating the difference between sto and the average of r-OFP and l-OFP (avrl-OFP). The vermilion height in the frontal view was calculated as the distance from sto to ls and li. In 10 subjects, comparison between standard ExpRB and test ExpRBs with altered OVD and/or support was performed by calculating differences between these data.
Results: The ls, sto, and li landmarks changed with alteration of OVD and/or support, whereas avrl-OFP changed vertically with alteration of support and anteroposteriorly with alteration of OVD and/or support. COF and vermilion height were affected by alterations in OVD and/or support.
Conclusion: Deficient OVD with extensive support can curve the oral fissure form upward, and deficient OVD with deficient support can reduce the vermilion height.

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