本邦でもAcute Care Surgeryの用語が広まったが，定義が明らかではない。Acute Care Surgeryは外傷外科から派生した概念で，trauma，emergency surgery，Surgical Critical Careを柱とし，米国では外傷・集中治療を中心に腹部・胸部・血管・整形・脳外科を含む24ヵ月の教育カリキュラムが組まれている。Acute Care Surgeryは換言すれば重症・多発外傷診療を中心に同等の病態を包括的に扱う新たな分野で，それを目的に広い技術を身に付けたAcute Care Surgeonの育成が重要である。しかし本邦では個々のAcute Care Surgeonの育成に関する意識は薄い。本邦でも同様の教育が必要で，方法は各科縦割りより，流動的に外科系の修練を行う方が好ましく，長期のトレーニングが必要である。腹部外科はその中心に位置し，基本手技と，重症外傷を意識した教育を心がけるべきである。

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Translation of Dostoevsky’s works directly from Russian to Japanese began on a large scale in 1914. The established practitioner Nobori Shomu translated The Oppressed and Insulted, while Nakamura Hakuyō (1890-1974) and Yonekawa Masao (1891-1965) began their translation careers with Crime and Punishment and The Idiot, respectively. Three years later Yonekawa translated The Brothers Karamazov and in 1953 he published Dostoevsky’s complete works. During the 1970s old translations made by influential translators such as Yonekawa and Nakamura were rapidly replaced by new translations. This paper analyses four of these new translations: Shiitagerareta hitobito by Ogasawara Toyoki (1968), Tsumi to batsu by Egawa Taku (1966-1967/ Revised version 1999-2000), Hakuchi by Kimura Hiroshi (1969) and Karamāzofu no kyodai by Hara Takuya (1971). Amongst them, the most interesting translation style was created by Ogasawara, who was one of many contributors to Kikan Hon’yaku, and made restricted use of the third-person pronouns.

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