自然資本を含めた包括的な富が減らないことが持続可能性の必要条件であることが理論的に明らかにされたことを受け，近年，それを実際に計測した「新国富」が持続可能性指標として注目されている．本稿では，これまでの政策・理論・実証研究上の背景をレビューし，一例として水を自然資本に組み入れる際の課題を検討する．今後の研究課題として，世代内衡平性，人口減少の影響，集計の空間的範囲，シャドー価格の推計などを指摘する．

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It is important for pediatric dental treatment that we develop rapport with not only the child patients but also their mothers. For that reason it is essential that dentists obtain the ability to communicate with mothers taking their children to dental offices. In the Japanese dental educational system, however attention is focussed on the cognitive domain and the psychomotor domain, and is not focussed on the affective domain. This little interpersonal skill training is conducted in Japan. The purpose of this case report is to show the process and the effect of behavioral science training in communicating with a mother. The subject was a first year dentist of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University. In the first step, she heard a lecture concerning communication skills with mothers. She was provided brief descriptions of 10 problem situations. The second step was she received the individual videotaped feedback. The process of actual communication with the mother was recorded on videotape. She watched the replayed process, and the situation was discussed with some members. A prior ground rule stipulated that all feedback was to be positive. The individual problem in the communication was to be found by herself. The third step was role-playing related to the problem. The aim of this training was spontaneous behavior modification based on positive reinforcement. The training was given over a two-week period. She was examined by the Confidence Scale in Communication with Mother before and after the training. She also did the questionnaire conceming the effect of the training. The following conclusions were obtained.
1. The problem of the communication with the mother was clearfied and settled through the training.
2. The dentists total confidence score after the training was higher before the training.
3. The questionnaire concerming the effect of the training showed a high score.
We came to the conclusion that behavioral science training to communicate with the mother was very effective for their first year dentist.

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Firstly, I explain the preparing process about the post MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) related with the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) emerged in “Rio + 20” (United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, June 2014). Subsequently, I clarify the performing process and raff history about the concept and indicators of Sustainable Development.

According to my analysis on the recent trend of development regime and environment regime, civil sector groups such as NGOs are becoming to enhance international influence on global problems. Looking back at the twenty-year history of efforts to address global environmental issues, the situation has become increasingly serious. The global environmental problems, including climate change, loss of biological diversity and deforestation, are getting worse. Social and economic inequality in countries is increasing, while North-South gap is widening. The social distortion around the world has evolved according to the global free market competition. In general the haves accumulate huge fortunes by impoverishing the have-nots.

It is important to reorganize the evolutions and processes triggered by the 1992 Earth Summit in a comprehensive and integrated approach. An integrated framework should be developed for implementation of obligations of the environmental conventions and actions for achievement of MDGs. There, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) should be presented in the basic agenda for achievement of sustainable development, which ensures environmental soundness and social justice on the basis of harmonious relationship among nature, society, and people.

It should be noted that adjusting and harmonizing the framework of socio-economic systems with a longer and broader perspective. This new transition is closely related to the historical change in our values that must deal with the sustainable development, related with post MDGs and creating SDGs process.

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