This article analyzes the emerging new pattern of collaboration between government sector and NGOs for the purpose of poverty reduction in China. Based on the literatures, data, authors' survey and case studies in Guizhou Province, which is one of the poorest provinces in China, the rural poverty situation is examined and comparison between government poverty reduction policy and NGO's activities for the alleviation of poverty is made.

Even though NGO's activities have been shown effective poverty reduction in Guizhou, there are still some serious problems surrounding organizations and institutional obstacles in China. Some of the significant issues are discussed in this article.

Four major case studies shown in this article are (1) Rocky Mountain Farmland Creating Project, (2) Happiness Project: Microfinance for the Poor Mothers, (3) Integrated Poverty Alleviation Model Project, and (4) Agricultural Association of Full-time Farmers. This article concludes that there exists the recognized new pattern of collaboration of the government with poverty alleviation NGOs in China as well as Guizhou.