The inheritance of main diterpene components, (-)-kaurene, (+)-phyllocladene and (-)-sclarene, in the leaves of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) was investigated. Sugi seedlings of fifty-eight combinations obtained from crossing among twenty clones were analyzed by gasliquid chromatography for diterpene hydrocarbons. Experimental results indicate that the biosynthesis of the diterpenes in the leaves of Sugi is genetically controlled with P and K genes. The dominant gene P controls formation of (+)-phyllocladene through (+)-copalylpyrophosphate, and the recessive gene pcontrols the cyclization to an intermediate(-)-copalylpyrophosphate that can be converted to either(-)-kaurene or(-)-sclarene. A genotype having recessive pp and dominant K genes produces (-)-kaurene, on the other hand, a genotype having both recessive genes ppkk produces (-)-sclarene.

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Past Research has focused on men and women in the workplace as isolated issues. However, gender relations are crucial in examining the occupational segregation seen in banks today. This paper examines the historical development of career tracking systems and the occupational segregation by gender seen in city banks today. This phenomenon was caused by both technological advances in the 1950s and restructuring of the personnel management systems of banks. At present there clearly exists a distinction between career opportunities given to men and those given to women. Certain factors have largely contributed to this development. Technological advance in the 1950s changed the job functions of men and women. Increasingly the job function of men focused on management and negotiations outside the bank whereas the job function of women focused on clerical duties using computers. Furthermore the restructuring of personnel management systems in city banks resulted in the career tracking systems (kosubetsu jinji-kanri- seido). Men, whose duties focused on management decisions, entered the “managerial track” (sogoshoku) and women, whose duties focused on clerical duties, entered the “general track” (ippanshoku). The managerial track provided many opportunities to develop worker abilities through jobs, training and so on. However, those in the general track, consisting mainly of women, were denied these opportuinities. Both factors discussed above resulted inand reproduced occupational segregation by gender seen in job promotions in banks. My research shows that two factors will lead to a change in the present situation. First, because of tecnological advances, it is increasingly difficult to divide jobs between those requiring complex judgement and manual jobs. With the “Big Bang”, this distinction will be further blurred as employees in the general track are also going to be expected to carry out sales within their bank branches. Second, the changing values of men and women can not be satisfied through the career tracking system. More women are seeking promotion and job continuation. At the same time, men's attitudes toward the demands of the managerial track are also changing. For example, men are increasingly prioritizing time spent with their family over their work.

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