This paper considers the relationship between recent changes in the central business district of Naha City, Okinawa Prefecture, and major socio-economic developments in Okinawa during the post war period. The study area comprises 15 street blocks (chome) in central Naha, and data for the years 1954, 1964, 1974, 1984, and 1991 are utilized.
The main conclusions can be summarized as follows:
1. The CBD is generally limited to the officially designated Land Adjustment Project Area in Naha City. This area offers well-ordered plots of land, with good access to the arterial road system via Route 58. These are two major factors explaining why offices are attracted to locate in this part of central Naha.
2. Following the reversion of Okinawa to Japan in 1972 the Naha central business district experienced substantial change with regard to the range and type of business function. This was largely due to the fact that many companies based on the Japanese mainland set up branch offices in Naha City, thus broadening and diversifying local business activity.
3. Diversification of business activity was accompanied by increased local area specialization of business function. Such functional specialization is revealed by a comparison of the locations of 'branch offices' and 'business outlets'. The former tend to concentrate along Route 58, while the latter concentrate in the core, northern, and western areas of the business district.

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　既存インフラの老朽化，人口減少の社会状況，厳しい財政状況の中，公共投資の効率性の観点から選択と集中が謳われている．選択と集中を進める上で，三便益を中心とした定量的指標による費用対便益評価が定着しているが，地方からは通常の便益評価だけでない定性的な観点から地域の実情を訴える要望活動が絶えない．本研究では，道路事業の採択や予算配分作業の実際の流れの中で便益がどのように評価されどのように政策決定されているかを分析し，選択と集中の考え方の課題，便益評価のあり方の方向性，効率性だけでなく道路のもつ本来価値や社会ミニマムの道路とは何かを考える重要性を問題提起する．

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