ミカンの剪定・摘果作業に際して, 葉に付着したヤノネカイガラムシの成分の吸入に起因する職業性喘息の1例を経験し, 繭と虫体成分を精製しその抗原液を用いてアレルギー学的検討を加えた. 繭抗原による吸入誘発試験で遅発型気道反応陽性, 末梢血における好塩基球の反応性及びロイコトリエン (LT) D₄産生能は抗IgG抗体或は繭抗原添加により亢進していた. 従って, 喘息発作の機序としては, 非IgE系反応を介して標的細胞から放出されるLT類が関与している可能性が示唆された.

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In the past 10 years, many experiments for clarify the nature of the bronchial asthma caused by inhalation with "Maiko" were carried out by Shichijo and associates. However, concerning the pathogenesis of the disease much remain yet to be studied in the field of allergy. The problem of the production of the circulating antibody against "Maiko", that is to say, whether the circulating antibody could be produced in the patients of the disease, has been an inter-resting problem in the field of serology. For this reason, the author proposed to make use of tanned cell hemagglutination test by Boyden's technic on these obscure points. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The sera of Konjac asthma showed positive hemagglutination reaction with "Maiko", and the control sera(the persons without exposure to "Maiko") was negative in this test. 2) On the hemagglutination test with the sera of the guinea pigs in fall asthmatic attack by the inhalation with "Maiko", and the control sera(healthy guinea pigs without exposure to "Maiko") were found similar finding in the case of the human sera. 3) The absorption test with "Maiko" antigen demonstrated that the hemagglutination reaction was specific to "Maiko". From these findings the author assumed that the circulating antibody against "Maiko" could be detected in the serum of the patients of Konjac asthma and the asthmatic guinea pigs with "Maiko" by tanned cell hemagglutination test with protein extract of "Maiko".

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On the characteristics of the allergic diseases in the environs of the associating national hospitals distributed in various districts of bur country, clinical studies were carried out, and the following results were brought about: 1) As to the unique allergic diseases in the surrounding areas of the hospitals that took part in our research group, the occupational asthma caused by mulberry lumber was newly found out among the craftsmen engaging in the wooden wares industry in the eastern bank of the Abe River of Shizuoka City. (Reporter: Susumu Nakamura) And the chrysanthemum allergy (dermatitis) was also noticed among the farmers cultivating chrysanthemum flowers in hot-house in the Atsumi district of Aichi Prefecture. (Reporter: Tatsuo Suga) 2) The intracutaneous test by inhalatory allergen extracts was carried out to each subject suffering from allergic diseases who visited the allergy clinic of the collaborated national hospitals. And the percentage of positive reaction to the test was calculated for the purpose of observing whether the regional differences in allergen substances were reflected in the percentage. a) In the cutaneous test by house dust allergen, positive reaction was observed in 809 of 1308 cases with asthma bronchiale (61.9%), in 183 of 411 cases with rhinitis allergica (44.5%), and in 15 of 29 cases with atopic dermatitis (51.7%). b) In regard to the cutaneous test by common inhalative allergens with the exception of house dust, positive reaction to the old mat, silk and cotton-wool was noticed in a high percentage, both in asthma bronchiale and in rhinitis allergica. As to the animal allergen, in asthma bronchiale, positive reaction to wool and cocoon was noticed in a high percentage, and to the hair of dogs and cats, the same was noticed by some reporters, too. But in rhinitis allergica, positive reaction except to cocoon was generally in a low percentage. And as to the vegetable allergen, positive reaction to buckwheat husks had a tendency that the easter a region of our country was located, the higher the percentage became. c) As to the pollen or mould, the percentage of positive reaction of the intracutaneous test differed considerably with the sorts of allergen or with the districts. From these observations it is conjectured that regional differences in the geographical distribution of allergen plants, and accordingly regional differences in the rise and fall of flying stage of air born pollen or mould, come into question. 3) Subsequently studies on the regional differences of the antigenicity of house dust were carried out. Hereupon, by means of checking up the positive reaction of intracutaneous test, the titer of selfprepared house dust extracts gathered from the houses of patients residing in the same region where the hospital was located was compared with that of the house dust extracts gathered from the houses of patients residing in two other regions. And little difference was noticed between the two. Judging from these observations, therefore, it is probable that the differences of the antigenicities of house dust extracts are rather derived from the specific character of each house than that of each region where the house dust was gathered.

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According to the histories of the patients with bronchial asthma the factors involved in the occurrence of asthmatic attack were investigated and the following results were obtained. 1. Analysis of the season and occurrence of asthematic attack studied on 237 cases revealed that 55 had the attack in autumn, 52 regardless of the season, 31 in winter and 25 in both spring and autumn. 2. Of 685 asthmatics, the causes of the first asthmatic attack were presumed in 464 cases. They were common cold occurred in 245 cases, revealing the highest incidence, inhalation of sea-squirt substances in 80, pneumonia in 22, acute bronchitis in 17, fatigue in 14, cold and pregnancy in 11 each. Of 673 asthmatics, the causes or the inducing factors of asthmatic attack after the onset of bronchial asthma were presumed in 567 cases. They were related to: 1) physical conditions in 352 (common cold and influenza in 229, fatigue in 126, overeating in 34, psychic tension in 24, bathing in 19, etc.);. 2) weather in 222 (cold in 84, rainy day in 63, cloudy day in 33, sudden change in weather in 29, humid day in 21, etc.); 3) dust in 173 (sea-squirt substances in 83, house dust in 78, cotton wool in 9, etc.); 4) smoke and offensive odor in 91 (cigarette smoke in 38, smoke of mosquito stick and smoke of broiling fish in 9 each.) 5) food and drink in 79 (wine in 30, vegetable foods in 26, animal foods in 20, fatty foods in 9, etc.) ; 6) drugs in 9 (ACTH in 3, aspirin in 2, etc.) ; 7) animals in 6 (contact with domestic. animals in 4, furs and feathers in 2) ; 8) plants in 5 (newly-bult house in 3, pollen in 2); 9) molds in 5 (aspergillus in 2, other molds in 3). 3. The causes or the inducing factors of asthmatic attack above mentioned were studied as follows: l) those relating to the psychic and physical conditions were investigated from the view-point of the autonomic nervous function and the endocrine glands; 2) those relating to the infection of the upper respiratory tract were investigated from the view-point of bacterial allergy; 3) those relating to the inhalants and ingestants were investigated by the skin test with these substances; and the significant results were obtained from each of them. 4. The incidence rate of positive reaction in the intradermal test was 51.2% with house dust antigen, 41.8% with Paspat, 21.6% with ragweed pollen antigen, 15.5% with the mixed antigen of crab, lobster and oyster, 15.5% with sea-squirt antigen (except sea-squirt asthma patients), 11.8% with mixed antigen of cat hair and dog hair, 11.2% with yam antigen.

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1)そば粉を摂取しあるいは吸入することによつて典型的アレルギー症状(鼻炎, 結膜炎, 喘息, 蕁麻疹, 胃腸症)を呈したと考えられる3例を経験し, アレルギー学的検索を試みたのでその成績を報告した.2)そばアレルギーの症候学的特徴につき文献的考察を試み, 筆者の経験を加味してそばアレルギーの典型的症候像を打ち出した.3)そばによる過敏症状は抗原抗体反応による典型的アレルギー反応と考えられ, 仮性アレルギーとしての意義は少く, また精神身体医学的因子が関与しないことを諸種アレルギー学的検査成績などより指摘した.4)本報告の症例3はそば屋に調理師として就業後9年という感作期間を経て発病した職業性そばアレルギーの貴重な症例であつて, わが国には未だ同様の症例の報告がない.5)そばアレルギー患者にX線透視下でそば添加造影剤を与え, 胃腸通過状況を検したところ, 対照に比して胃の著明な蠕動亢進があり、胃排出時間はむしろ短縮, 回盲部進入時間は著明に延長, 大腸通過は速いという結果が得られた.6)そばアレルギーの合理的かつ効果的治療法はまず抗原の除去ないし回避であり, 可及的に抗原よりの離脱をはからねばならないこと, 症例3のごとく職業上抗原に曝露を免れ難いものでは職場転換を考慮すべきで, これが不可能な時に減感作療法の適応となることを強調した.

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Oyster-shucker's asthma is found frequently among the oyster-shuckers in the districts along Hiroshima Bay. The cause of this asthma has been considered clinically not to be oysters, but to be sea-squirts adhering to the outside of the oyster's shells. In this report the etiology of oystershucker's asthma was studied experimentally by Shultz-Dale reaction, inhalation test and sensitized hemagglutination reaction in guinea pigs sensitized with sea-squirt antigen. The sea-squirts used in the experiment were Ciona intestinalis, Styela plicata and Styela clava, which were collected at the oyster shucking workroom on Hiroshima Bay, and Halocynthia roletzi caught in Miyako Bay. The results obtained were as follows. 1) Shultz-Dale reactions in the guinea pigs sensitized by intraperitoneal injection or inhalation of sea-squirt antigens were positive in four species of sea-squirt. From this fact each sea-squirt examined is thought to have an antigenicity in guinea pigs. 2) In the guinea pigs sensitized by inhalation of sea-squirt antigens the paroxysm of asthma was provocated experimentally by re-inhalation of sea-squirt antigens and the paroxysm was confirmed by characteristic changes in the respiratory curves in the guinea pigs. 3) The respective antibodies formed against the sea-squirt antigens were found by sensitized hemagglutination reaction in the sera of the guinea pigs sensitized with sea-squirt antigents. 4) Among Cina intestinalis, Styla plicata, Styla clava and Halocynthia roletzi both antigen common to the species and antigens peculiar to the species were found by Shultz-Dale reaction, inhalation test and sensitized hemagglutination reaction. 5) The tissue antibodies produced in the guinea pigs were more numerous in the lung tissue than in the intestinal tissue in those sensitized by inhalation, while in those sensitized by intraperitoneal injection they were more numerous in the intestinal tissue than in the lung tissue. From the results above mentioned it was concluded that four species of sea-squirt had an antigenicity in guinea pigs and the paroxysm of asthma could be provocated experimentally in the guinea pigs sensitized with sea-squirt antigens by re-inhalation of antigens. These facts support the theory that oyster-shucker's asthma is an inhalation asthma, which occurs in the oyster-shuckers sensitized with the scattered substances produced during the shucking of oysters.

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