亜熱帯に属する西南諸島(沖繩本島,西表島)の土壌の特徴を調べた。
この地方では,その気候条件から考えて,母材の風化,土壌化はかなり急激に行なわれるものと考えられるが,土壌の特徴は母材の影響を強く残していることを認めた。
この地域の土壌母材は,石灰質母材と非石灰質母材に大別できるが,石灰質母材に由来する土壌は,暗赤褐色のB層をもっていて, A層からB層上部にかけて堅果状構造が明瞭に発達し,きわめて粘重ち密であり,一般に微酸性ないし塩基性反応を呈する。表土の腐植含有量は低いが非石灰質母材の土壌にくらべてやや多い傾向がある。粘土の珪礬比は低く,かつ上層と下層との間にはほとんど差がないから,非石灰質母材に由来する土壌のような二・三酸化物の移動が行なわれているとは認められない。

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, I regard the period from 1960 to 1965, when sugar production recovered to the prewar level after the war in Okinawa, as the reconstruction period of sugar industry, and research what kind of people were responsible for the operation of the sugar factory increasing rapidly during this period. We will consider whether it was done by paying attention to the engineers of the sugar factory which started running in early 1960s. In recent years, while the focus has been on sugar industry engineers and skilled workers in the history of modern imperial Japanese sugar industry, it is not yet in the history of postwar Okinawa. Studies on sugar industry in postwar Okinawa have focused on the sugar economy of Okinawa society and farmer household, and percentage of capital structure of sugar company. Therefore, these have overlooked or not concerned about engineers. This paper clarify that the sugar factory actual sites were carried out by skilled workers who had experience in sugar factories in the prewar Micronesia, Taiwan, and the postwar Minamidaito Island by analyzing engineers in Hokubu Seito sugar corporation, which started in1960 at northern part of Okinawa Island. The former skilled workers of Nanyo Kohatsu sugar factory in Micronesia have obtained sugar production skills by OJT and studied in advanced vocational school for sugar engineering of the corporation, and after war and repatriation, found a job in Hokubu Seito. Workers from Daito Togyo factory in Minamidaito Island which started to run in 1951, moved to Hokubu Seito, who could use the network of Izena and Iheya islands. It can be said that the Okinawa sugar industry was revived by the smooth operation of the sugar factory started by their skilled worker technological capabilities, and that the engineers from two Japanese south expansion places were familiar with the people, who had formed their "Imperial careering" in Taiwan and contributed to the reconstruction of postwar Okinawa society.

抄録全体を表示