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  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁, 小田 紳介
    スキー研究
    2009年 6 巻 1 号 27-32
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2018/02/08
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes a measurement system and analysis method to reveal characteristics of snowboard turn. This measurement system that consists of 3D gyro sensor, 3-axis acceleration sensor, 3-axis magnetic direction sensor and PIC microcomputer is able to measure angular velocity, acceleration and magnetic field through the digital communication. We can simply perform the experiment because this system is directly attached to the binding on snowboard, even if a measurement range is very large like skiing ground. The analysis method provides initial condition (slope) from gravity acceleration, edging angle from angular velocity and gliding state (direction angle) from magnetic field. As a result of experimental trial on the carving turn by the snowboarder in a skiing ground, we could obtain the gliding information quantitatively. Furthermore, this proposed system could catch a personal habit such as the difference of edging angle in the front side turn and back side turn because edging angle and gliding state indicate the characteristic of the snowboard turn at length. Therefore, we can prove the effectiveness and the validity of this proposed system. This measurement system can analyze the major features of snowboard turn and this analysis method may be able to quantitatively evaluate the skill of snowboarders.
  • 中島 隆, 内藤 繁男
    北日本病害虫研究会報
    1995年 1995 巻 46 号 42-44
    発行日: 1995/11/30
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Studies were carried out to demonstrate difference in disease severity of pink snow mold caused by Microdochium nivale among four major soil types in Tohoku district. The order of disease severity in artificial inoculation test was neutral volcanic ash soil>acidic volcanic soil≥granite diluvial soil=alluvial soil. Bacterial flora in the soils were investigated at the end of snow cover. Antagonistic fluorescent pseudomonads were frequently isolated, but we did not detect clear difference in bacterial flora among soil types.
  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁, 佐藤 伸幸, 村田 浩
    スキー研究
    2011年 8 巻 1 号 21-27
    発行日: 2011年
    公開日: 2018/02/08
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes the analysis method for skiing turn using the systems which measure the orientation and gliding trajectory of a skier on an outside actual snowfield. The orientation measurement system that consists of 3D gyro sensor, 3-axis acceleration sensor and 3-axis magnetic field sensor provides orientation relative to the global frame and 3-axis acceleration. The trajectory measurement system that consists of GPS receiver provides gliding trajectory of skiing turn. The gliding velocity is estimated using the information from these measurement systems and Kalman filter in this analysis method. The measurement experiment has been performed to confirm the performance of proposed measurement systems. In this experiment, the orientation and trajectory measurement systems have been installed on the right foot boot and head of skier, respectively. The proposed systems have provided the rotation matrix that transforms the global frame, acceleration relative to the global frame and gliding trajectory. The analysis method has provided the gliding velocity relative to the global and local frame using information from the proposed systems. The gliding trajectory has indicated significantly different moving distance between skidding turn and carving turn. The gliding velocity relative to the local frame has indicated the different period and the effect of strike slip between skidding turn and carving turn. The results which are obtained from the proposed systems and analysis method indicated the effectiveness and the validity. The proposed method that can analyze the major features of skiing turn is able to quantitatively evaluate the skill.
  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁
    スキー研究
    2010年 7 巻 1 号 27-34
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2018/02/08
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes the motion measurement system and analysis method of snowboarder to reveal characteristics of snowboarding turn on an outside actual snowfield. This motion measurement system that consists of 3D gyro sensor, 3-axis acceleration sensor and 3-axis magnetic field sensor can be used easily to the experiment because this system is directly attached to the body of snowboarder and the binding of snowboard. As a result of experiment on the carving turn by the snowboarder installed this system to upper body, lumber, femur and lower thigh and binding, we could obtain angular velocity, acceleration and magnetic field in the parts of body. Furthermore, we calculated joint angle of lumber, hip, knee and ankle based on the measurement information in order to analyze the motion of snowboarding turn. The joint angle indicated the characteristics of motion, that is, the internal-external motion of hip to twist lower limb and the flexion- extension motion of hip and the plantar flexion-dorsal flexion motion of ankle to generate edging angle in snowboarding turn. Therefore, the effectiveness and the validity of this motion measurement system and analysis method were proved. This motion measurement system can analyze the major features of snowboarding turn and this analysis method is able to quantitatively evaluate the skill of snowboarders.
  • *山田 知明, 松原 由布子, 竹田 健一郎, 岩谷 素顕, 竹内 哲也, 上山 智, 赤崎 勇, 天野 浩
    応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集
    2013年 2013.2 巻 20p-B5-3
    発行日: 2013/08/31
    公開日: 2023/08/06
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
  • *鈴木 敦也, 杉山 佑輔, 松井 千尋, 竹内 健
    応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集
    2018年 2018.1 巻 17p-P8-19
    発行日: 2018/03/05
    公開日: 2022/10/06
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁, 小田 紳介, 永作 清
    日本機械学会論文集C編
    2011年 77 巻 774 号 470-480
    発行日: 2011年
    公開日: 2011/02/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes the motion measurement system and the dynamic analysis methods of the skiing turn on an outside actual snowfield. This motion measurement system that consists of inertial and magnetic field sensors provides 3-axis angular velocity, acceleration and intensity of magnetic field. This motion analysis method provides joint angle of lower body in skier using information from the motion measurement system, extended Kalman filter and inverse kinematics. In addition, this dynamic analysis method provides joint torque using joint angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, acceleration, reaction force from the snow surface obtained from 6-axis force sensor and inverse dynamics. In order to indicate the performance of our proposed system, we have performed the measurement experiment of the skiing turn on an actual snowfield. It is found that the proposed method is able to analyze the major features of skiing turn and to evaluate quantitatively the skill and characteristics of skiers.
  • *榊 佑季哉, 松井 千尋, 山賀 祐典, 竹内 健
    応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集
    2018年 2018.1 巻 17p-P8-18
    発行日: 2018/03/05
    公開日: 2022/10/06
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
  • 小川 雅弘
    大阪経大論集
    2016年 67 巻 2 号 113-
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2018/02/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁, 近藤 亜希子
    日本機械学会論文集C編
    2013年 79 巻 800 号 897-907
    発行日: 2013年
    公開日: 2013/04/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper deals with the motion analysis of snowboard turns using the measurement information of gliding on the actual snow field. The motion measurement systems that measure 3-axis angular velocity, 3-axis acceleration and 3-axis magnetic field are attached to the body segments of snowboarder and the bindings. The 3D posture is estimated by applying the sensor fusion using Extended Kalman filter. The joint torque of snowboarder is estimated by applying the measurement information of the systems to the closed-loop inverse dynamics. We conducted the measurement experiment by the snowboarder gliding on the actual snow field. The results represented the optimal joint torque of snowboarder in the snowboard turns. Furthermore, the analysis was conducted using the joint torque estimated by the proposed and previous methods. The results indicated the major and additional joint torque. Therefore, the analysis method can be used to the clarification of turn mechanism and the skill rating.
  • 山田 知明, 松田 石松
    北日本病害虫研究会報
    1985年 1985 巻 36 号 74-76
    発行日: 1985/11/10
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    ダイコンバエの発生は, 北海道でのみ認められていたが1972年に本州では初めて青森県で発生が確認された。1975年から1984年に行った発生分布状況調査の結果.この10年間に僅かではあるが分布地域は拡大したものと考えられた。また, 分布地域拡大の一因として既発生地域から未発生地域への被害根の移動が考えられた。
  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁, 近藤 亜希子
    シンポジウム: スポーツ・アンド・ヒューマン・ダイナミクス講演論文集
    2012年 2012 巻 226
    発行日: 2012/11/14
    公開日: 2017/06/19
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    This paper deals with the dynamic motion analysis using joint torques of snowboarder gliding on the actual snow field. The joint torque is estimated by applying the sensor fusion and the closed-loop inverse dynamics to the information of motion measurement systems. The motion measurement system that consists of inertial and magnetic field sensors measures 3-axis angular velocity, 3-axis acceleration and 3-axis magnetic field. The results indicate the optimal joint torque in gliding of the snowboarder. The measurement experiment was conducted by the snowboarder gliding on the actual snow field. The motion measurement systems were attached to the body segments of snowboarder. The snowboarder conducted periodical carving turn. The results of motion analysis by the joint torque indicated the major motion features of snowboarder gliding on the actual snow field. Therefore, the results can be used to clarify the important joint torques in snowboard turns and to evaluate the skill of snowboarder.
  • 山田 知明, 加藤 梨里, 小熊 祐子, 渡辺 美智子, 小木 哲朗
    日本行動計量学会大会抄録集
    2016年 44 巻 S-10-4
    発行日: 2016/08/30
    公開日: 2021/05/13
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
  • 廣瀬 圭, 土岐 仁
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
    The purpose of this study is to establish the system to measure physical form in snowboarding turn, the correction method to improve accuracy and the analysis method to indicate physical form. This system consists of 3D gyro sensor, 3-axis acceleration sensor and 3-axis magnetic sensor. Initial physical form is obtained from 3-axis acceleration sensor and 3-axis magnetic field sensor, gliding physical form is obtained form 3D gyro sensor. The correction method reduces the drift error of gyro sensor using Extended Kalman Filter, the analysis method provides joint angle from information of this measurement system. As a result of experiment on the carving turn by the snowboarder in a skiing ground, the physical form was obtained quantitatively. This measurement system and correction method can analyze the major features of snowboarding turn and this method may be able to quantitatively evaluate the skill of snowboarders.
  • 近藤 亜希子, 千葉 遥, 廣瀬 圭, 西川 太朗, 土岐 仁
    スキー研究
    2014年 11 巻 1 号 51-57
    発行日: 2014年
    公開日: 2018/02/08
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper proposes a measurement system of reaction force from snow surface using compact force sensors for snowboarding. This system can measure the 3-axis force and the 3-axis moment components from the outputs of three 3-axis compact force sensors installing to this system. We established the calculation method of moment component using three 3-axis force sensors, and this measurement system was lighter than that used in previous studies. We conducted the verification experiment to evaluate the system accuracy, and the results indicated the high accuracy. The measurement experiment of snowboarder installing the system was conducted on the actual snow field. The reaction force from snow surface obtained by the experiment indicated the major features of snowboard turns. The proposed system can be used to clarify the mechanism of snowboard turn and the skill rating of snowboarder.
  • 羽鳥 徳太郎
    地震 第2輯
    1997年 50 巻 1 号 49-56
    発行日: 1997/05/28
    公開日: 2010/03/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two tsunamis were generated off Kikai Island on October 18 and 19, 1995, after 84 year's silence since the 1911 Amami-Oshima earthquake (M=8.0). Inundation heights at Kikai Island were ranging 1-3 meters above M. S. L. According to JMA, the epicenters of the main shock and the largest aftershock were located at 28°02′N, 130°23′E and 28°07′N, 130°17′E with earthquake magnitudes, M=6.7 and M=6.6, respectively. The source area of the tsunami of 18th which nearly corresponds to the aftershock area is 60×35km, extending along the Ryukyu Trench. Tsunami magnitudes on the Imamura-Iida scale are estimated to be m=1 and m=0, respectively, by judging from the diagram of the attenuation of wave-height with distance. The magnitudes of those tsunamis exceed by two grades (tsunami height: about 5 times) larger than those generated by the earthquakes with the same magnitude and similar size in other regions. It suggests high-angle faulting mechanism, causing a larger deformation of sea bottom. The velocity of the maximum wave propagated along the Ryukyu Islands to central Japan is 376km/h which is a little slower than those of the tsunamis along the Mariana Trench.
  • 伏見 知何子, 近藤 亜希子, 千葉 遥, 廣瀬 圭, 高橋 護, 土岐 仁
    スキー研究
    2017年 14 巻 1 号 1-8
    発行日: 2017年
    公開日: 2018/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper deals with the force measurement by the system installing force sensors for clarifying the mechanism of Ollie motions, and the motion analysis was conducted by using the applied force indicating the advantage of Ollie motion in snowboarding. We used the measurement system for applied force( 3-axis force and 3-axis moment)of snowboarder in the previous studies. The measurement system installs the four 3-axis compact force sensors on the sole of feet( total 8 devices for both feet). Furthermore, this system was improved as simply measurement system by using the compact data logger for the jump kicker experiment. We conducted the motion measurement of snowboarder on the gentle snow slope and the snowboard jump kicker using the measurement system, and we analyzed by focusing the force and moment of right and left feet and total force of moment. These analytical results indicated the difference of the Ollie motion conducted on the gentle snow slope and the snowboard jump kicker, and the importance of Ollie motion was represented. These results can be used for clarifying the mechanism of Ollie motion and the teaching of snowboard jump.
  • 膝関節の屈曲・伸展モデルと股関節の屈曲・伸展モデル
    清水 史郎, 長谷川 健二
    スキー研究
    2005年 3 巻 1 号 1-9
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2010/07/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The motion of a snowboarder is seemingly complex. In order to model that motion and its complexity, we have devised two snowboarding robots. One robotic model incorporates flexion and extension of the knee joint, while the other model integrates flexion and extension of the hip joint. These motions were accomplished through the attachment of a servomotor to the knee and hip joints, respectively. From a basic posture, the knee joint model - incorporating flexion and extension-leans toward and over the front side of the extended knee joint and leans toward and over the back side of the flexed knee joint. So, the knee joint model attains to a posture that rises toward and over, the front side and squats down toward and over the back side. From a basic posture, the hip joint model-incorporating flexion and extension - shows a lean toward and over the front side of the flexed hip joint, and it displays a lean toward and over the back side of the extended hip joint. The hip joint model then becomes the posture which bends the waist toward and over the front side and the posture which bends backward and over the back side. These postures are the inward-leaning postures performed duringa turn. It is this sort of motion which causes the snowboard to be edged. The edging of the snowboard shifts according to these motions. To make a front side turn, the robot extends the knee and/or flexes the hip; to make a back side turn, it flexes the knee and/or extends the hip. Using a side-cut snowboard enables the performance of a carving turn. Moreover, these models are capable as well of achieving a sequential turn. As it turns out, the width of the snowboard plays an important role in allowing the model to make stable, repeated turns.
  • 齊藤 亜由子, 木澤 悟, 小林 義和, 宮脇 和人
    日本機械学会論文集
    2021年 87 巻 896 号 20-00407
    発行日: 2021年
    公開日: 2021/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2021/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー

    Clarifying the mechanics of body movements during snowboarding, a popular winter sport, requires analysis of snowboarder motion when gliding down a slope. Several studies have used inertial and force sensors to evaluate characteristics of the acting force and joint torque of snowboarders. Nevertheless, few studies have examined the eye-tracking of a snowboarder. In daily life and sports activities, humans obtain most of their information about the external environment by vision. Therefore, analyzing the gaze of humans during sports activities is expected to improve performance on the sports field. For this study, we investigated relations between the line of sight and acting force during snowboarding, as measured using a gaze measurement system and two 6-axis force sensors, while a snowboarder glided down a slope. Lag times between movements of the line of sight and the associated acting forces of a snowboarder were calculated using a cross-correlation function for measurement information obtained from the experiment. Results show that the line of sight of a snowboarder moved to the forward pole on a slalom course before he generated the acting force necessary for making turns. The proposed method is expected to be useful for assessing snowboarders’ skills.

  • 近藤 亜希子, 土岐 仁, 廣瀬 圭, 永作 清
    スキー研究
    2013年 10 巻 1 号 27-34
    発行日: 2013年
    公開日: 2018/02/08
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper deals with the estimation of lower limb muscle tension and the motion analysis of skier gliding on the actual snow field. The lower limb muscle tension is estimated by the measurement information of motion and reaction force from snow surface. The motion measurement system that consists of the gyro sensor, the acceleration sensor and the magnetic field sensor measures the 3-axis angular velocity, the 3-axis acceleration and the 3-axis magnetic field. The measurement system of reaction force from snow surface that consists of the 6-axis force sensor measures 3-axis force and 3-axis moment vectors from snow surface. The joint angles and joint torques are calculated using the sensor fusion, the inverse kinematics and the inverse dynamics. The lower limb muscle tension is estimated by applying the joint angle, the joint torque and the body segment parameter to the 3D muscle-skeleton model. The measurement experiment was conducted for the skier gliding on the actual snow field. The motion measurement systems were attached to body segments(lumber, upper thighs and lower thighs)of skier and ski boots. The measurement systems of reaction force were installed to between boots and skis. The results of the motion analysis by the lower limb muscle tension indicated the major muscle activities of the skier gliding on the actual snow field. Therefore, the motion analysis method can be used to development of training and injury prevention methods.
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