1)PBLテュートリアルの持つ問題点を改善するために, 効果的なシナリオ作成およびそのブラッシュアップの仕方を体験し, また実際のPBLテュートリアルでの介入のタイミング・仕方を討論し, 経験を共有した.
2)PBLテュートリアルをもとに基礎系の実習への応用や臨床実習入門に用いる方法が紹介された. また, 累進型のPBLテュートリアルについて講演を拝聴した. さらに, PBLテュートリアル実施・運営に関係する様々な問題点を共有し, 解決法を討論した. 日本医学教育学会生命科学小委員会は平成19年4月14日に順天堂大学教授の世話人のもとにWSを開催したその報告である.

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The adhesive property of powder is known to be very variable and also to be affected by the surface condition of the particle. In this experiment, the relation between the surface states of par ticles and the adhesive property of powders has been studied. The white alundum, calcium carbonate and kaolin clay were used as sample powders. The surface condition of white alundum and calcium carbonate were varied by adsorption of capric acid or sodium stearate, and kaolin clay were heat-treated. The adhesive property has been measured by final packing density ρf and coe fficient K₁ in Kunos^' equation at the first stage of packing or cons tant b in Kawakitas' equation by the same tapping compress method. The attraction force between the particles at the contact point were measured by shearing test of powder bed.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
The effect of surface adsorbed layer of capric acid on white alundum is very small compared with the influence of the particle size. But the treatment of calcium carbonate by sodium stearate is effective, and especially the packing density is affected largely, at humid atmosphere.
The effbct of this distinction of surface treatment upon both the powders is presumed to be due to the difference of mechanism of surface adsorption.
The adhesive property of kaolin clay when heattreated, has changed remarkably at the fall of temperature of the crystal structure. The observed variation of the adhesive property has been compared with the reduction of the surface active site.
The adhesive force at the contact point between the particles is not influenced by the surface adsorption layer on the white alundum.

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There have been numerous theoretical and experimental investigations of the electrical bicycle, electrical vehicle, and so on. In this paper, we consider the new d-c compound motor for the electrical bicycle. This improvement maybe take positive advantage of compound moter in the electrical bicycle. As an illustrative example, we show the experimental results on the level ground. The experiments show that the proposed method is more higher efficiency for the electrical bicycle than conventional method.

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Experiments of tapping compaction of Cosmetic powders showed good agreement with Taneya's equation. However, this result does not always explain our usual experience in compressibility molding, as the behaviors of fine powders are so complicated.
Caking effect of metal soaps for powders decreased in order of metal-ion radius.
As compared several oils for their binding effect, oils with weaker poarity in chem ical constitution showed more strong effect.

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Superconducting generators (SCGs) have many advantages as compared with conventional ones, and practical use is expected. Before practical use, it is necessary and important to have a good grasp of the electrical characteristics of SCG under short-circuit conditions. And it is desirable that, relations between characteristics and structure-parameters of generators are explicitly and simply expressed. We obtained transient characteristics of armature current and field current for SCG by use of mathematical electro-magnetic field analyses, and studied relations between characteristics and structure-parameters of machines. In this paper, the method of solution is explained for the sudden line-to-neutral short-circuits, while only the results are quoted for the line-to-line, and the doubleline-to-neutral short-circuits. Comparisons between analytical and experimental, using 20kVA SCG, results were also studied. Consequently, the parameters that dominate the amplitude of transient current were clarified. Besides that, close agreements between analytical and experimental results were obtained.

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As an approach to reviewing the packing properties of fine powders, the relationships between particle characteristics such as particle size, shape, surface roughness and adsorbed matter, and static properties of powders have been studied.
In this experiment, the white alundum, zinc powder, calcium carbonate and mica powder were used as samples. The angle of repose, porosity and packing property were measured as static property of powders.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
As particle size decreases, the angle of repose and porosity increases. But the value becomes constant under the critical size of the particles at hard coagulated powder. And it has little relation with the particles shape, surface roughness and surface adsorbed layer at the fine powders.
The packing property has been studied by the tapping compressed method. The relationship between the apparent density of powder bed and the tapping frequency can be correlated to Kuno's equation.
The packing coefficient k1 at the first stage of packing corresponds to the constant b of Kawakita's equation, that is related to the coagulation force of powder. The k1 decreases with the particle size, and take minimum value at about 3μ, and then it increases again. These results suggest that the unit particles will build up the coagulated secondary particle, and the static properties of fine powders are influenced by the characteristics of the coagulated particles.

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第1回初期臨床研修医のための学術集会が順天堂大学センチュリータワーで2010年7月2日に開催された. 順天堂大学附属4病院 (順天堂医院, 順天堂静岡病院, 順天堂浦安病院, 順天堂練馬病院) の初期臨床研修医225名 (1年目研修医の91.9%, 2年目研修医の71.9%, 全研修医の83.0%) がこの学術集会に出席した. この学術集会は研修医の学際的な活動を支援するために企画された. プログラム内容は4名の研修医による症例報告, 4名の指導医による症例報告に関連した事項のミニレクチャー, 2名の大学院生による研修発表から構成された. 特に, 大学院研究発表は, 今年の3月に開催された医学部大学院で実施されたポスター発表会で高い評価を得たものである. 研修医からのアンケートでは高い満足度が得られた.

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粉体粒子の付着, 凝集の程度を知るためにいくつかの方法が試みられているが, その中で粉体充てん層のせん断応力と荷重の関係からクーロン式により粒子間凝集力を測定する方法を試みた. この方法で得られる凝集力はせん断面あたりの力であるが, これに充てん層の空隙率, 試料粒子の平均粒子径, 粒子1個に対する隣接粒子の平均接触点数を考慮すれば粒子接触点1個の凝集力を計算することができる. 粒度の異なった数種のホワイトアランダムを試料としてこの方法で粒子径と粒子間凝集力の関係を調べた. その結果, この試料では脂肪酸処理による粒子の表面の疎水化の効果はほとんど認められない. また, 粒子径が小さくなるほど凝集力も減少するが, その力は吸着層を伴った van der Waals 力の範囲である. しかし, van der Waals 力による凝集力は粒子径に比例するといわれるが, この実験では微粒子では粒子径が1/10になると凝集力が1/100程度になった. これは, 充てん層のせん断面あたりの凝集力を粒子接触点1個あたりに換算するときに用いた Rumpf の仮定に誤りがあると考え, 実験結果から逆に補正をすると高空隙率充てんの微粉体では粒子1個の平均接触点数が約2.3となり, 微粒子の凝集は珠数状の連りで, かさ高い網状構造を形成していることが推定される.

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Some properties of powder beds, i.e.“viscosity”of powder in a vibrating state, their packing density, the angle of repose and shearing stress, were measured at a range from room temperature to about 300°C. α-alumina powders with several kinds of particle sizes and spherical glass powder were used as the samples.
Increasing the temperature in the range higher than 100°C, in which moisture was considered not to be effective upon the adhesive properties of these powders, the“viscosity”and the angle of repose increased and the packing density decreased. These results suggest that the attractive force between the particles increases with the increase of temperature as has been verified by the shearing tests.
The theoretical calculation of sedimentation volume, which was studied by Nakagaki et al. for the packing density in relation to the adhesive probability of particles, P, was applied to the packing density in a heated state in order to obtain the quantitative relation between the attractive force and temperature. On the basis of an assumption that P was given as a function of kαD/mv, where k, α, D, m and v were respectively shape factor, temperature factor, particle size, mass of the particle and sedimentation velocity of particle in hot air, the relation between α and absolute temperature T was obtained in the following equation.
logα=aT/T_m-b
In this equation, T_m was the absolute temperature of melting point of the sample. The constant a was found to be the same one for α-alumina and glass powder.
The effects of temperature upon the angle of repose and the“viscosity”of powder were systematically interpreted in terms of the temperature factor α obtained from the above equation.

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