The results of experimental and clinical studies on a cephalosporin derivative for oral use, cefatrizine, performed by 72 institutions in this country were summarized in this paper. The conclusion obtained is as follows.
1. Bacteriological results
The antibacterial spectrum of cefatrizine was about the same as those of other cephalosporin derivatives, but cefatrizine was superior to cephalexin in the sensitivity distribution of clinical isolates.
2. Absorption, excretion and metabolism
The serum concentration and urinary excretion of cefatrizine were lower as compared with those of cephalexin by means of cross-over method. Cefatrizine was not metabolized in the human body.
3. Clinical results
A total of 1, 074 cases with infections in the field of internal medicine or surgery were treated with cefatrizine. Response was good in more than 80% of the cases with infections in the field of internal medicine and in the 70% level of those with surgical infection. Cefatrizine was active against infections due to
Strept. pneumoniae, β-hemolytic
Strept., Staph. aureus, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and
Klebsiella. Cefatrizine was given at a single oral dose of 1, 000 to 3, 000 mg 2 to 4 times a day, as an adults dose. As side effects, eruption and gastrointestinal symptoms were mainly observed, and its frequency was 4.7% in the cases with infections in the field of internal medicine and 5.5% in those with surgical infection. No severe side effects were observed in the present series.
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