In this research, about Ancestral Hall Architecture in She County, formation and division of Ancestral Hall in Lineage Settlements, further spatial structure and architectural qualities of Ancestral Hall Architecture has been investigated. The result is summarized as follows.
I. About lineage settlements, according to inflow of immigrants, single-lineage and multi-lineages these two types of villages existed from Tang and Song dynasty until Ming dynasty. In both types villages, Ancestral Hall for worship Lineage First Ancestor or First Immigration Ancestor, Branch-Ancestral Hall for worship The Ancestor of A branch, Worthies-Shrine for worship specific person, lot of these Ancestral Hall Architectures have been built, and some of remains in country side were left.
II. About Ancestral Hall Architecture, when entering the Ming Dynasty, because inheritance and branching of lineages and dispersion of the Lineage Settlements to neighboring areas, Total-Ancestral Hall, Head-Ancestral Hall, Major Branch-Ancestral Hall, Minor Branch-Ancestral Hall and Family-Ancestral Hall has been created, they can be classify into four types which is Ancestral Hall System (Total-Ancestral Hall, Head-Ancestral Hall), Branch -Ancestral Hall System (Branch-Ancestral Hall, Major-Branch-Ancestral Hall, Minor-Branch-Ancestral Hall), Family-Ancestral Hall System and Worthies-Shrine System.
III. About Ancestral Hall Architecture, in Ming and Qing dynasty ling up
Entrance-hall,
Sacrificial-hall,
Memorial-hall and Courtyard to creating one space-unit called
JIN, the Basic type
3JIN-type was formed. Once more, from small type
1JIN3KEN to large type
5JIN7KEN various types appeared in same time. After, Ancestral Hall System using 3JIN5KEN, Branch-Ancestral Hall System and Family-Ancestral Hall System using
3JIN3KEN or
2JIN3KEN, plane format follow Ancestral Hall Architecture's classify became to settle. From these scale and size, scale of building can be change by increase and decrease number of depth (
JIN) and intervals between two pillars (
KEN). And, compare Ancestral Hall Architecture in Ming and Qing dynasty, remains in Ming dynasty were larger, in Qing dynasty both of Ancestral Hall and Branch-Ancestral Hall using relatively smaller scale of plane format than Ming dynasty. The reason is in Ming Dynasty Ancestral Hall Architecture was built only by powerful lineage, but in Qing dynasty Ancestral Hall Architecture was built by branched lineage more than powerful lineage.
IV. About Frame format, because
Entrance-hall Sacrificial-hall and
Memorial-hall constitute Ancestral Hall Architecture are using common, constructive structure is same no matter scale is large or small. Format of
Entrance-halls have including
Side-side Space,
Wall-side Space,
Side-central-side Space.
Sacrificial-halls have including
Side-central-side Space,
Side-central-side-side Space.
Memorial-hall constitute by
Side-central-side Space. Most of
Side and
Central Space using
Post & Lintel Construction by
Central-bay sectional view, and Mix-construction which combining
Post & Lintel Construction and
Column & Tie Construction's feature has been used by
Side-bays sectional view. Central pillar,
KOYAURA is hanging over the ceiling, and
Bracket Sets or Decorative Brackets has been used on Eave Column. Besides, by using
Less-column-made or
Shift-column-made in front or back colonnade of
Entrance-hall,
Sacrificial-hall and
Memorial-hall, high continuity space can be created by Central-yard.
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