本稿は，文部科学省「産学官連携リスクマネジメントモデル事業」(利益相反マネジメント)の東京大学における実施の背景や，東京大学で利益相反マネジメントとその普及を担当する筆者が，この事業を通じ，またリスクマネジメント体制，特に利益相反マネジメント体制の構築・運用を通じて得た知見について詳述する．利益相反マネジメントに関する米国での利益相反の理解，利益相反のリスク，利益相反マネジメントプロセス，および実例等を取り上げた．本稿が，全国の教育・研究機関が実効的な利益相反マネジメント体制を構築したり，全国的に課題や適切な対応を共有する一助となれば幸いである．

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 Patent strategy is crucial for universities' pharmaceutical R&D. The university's intellectual property department usually manages its patents. However, in the past, patent management by the Institute for Infectious Diseases at the University of Tokyo was different from that of the modern-day University of Tokyo. The institute had an employee invention regulation in 1930; however, the status of patent applications and management at the institute before and after the end of World War II is not clear. First, to clarify the status of patent applications, old documents related to patents stored at the institute and patent gazettes were examined. These documents revealed that the institute filed patent applications in line with the objectives of its pharmaceutical development and manufacturing business. Next, by analyzing the decision documents related to patent applications of the institute, the authority and cost-sharing at the university were confirmed. Hence, it is argued that patents at the institute were managed in an integrated manner with the development strategy at the institute in charge of pharmaceutical development, and not at the intellectual property headquarters of the university.

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In the early 2000s government policymakers acknowledged the importance of innovation in restarting the economy and identified the national universities as a driver for increasing entrepreneurship and innovation. Under the National University Corporation Law which took effect in 2004, the universities were made independent from the national government and given the mandate to disseminate and utilize their research and knowledge for the benefit of society.

This paper examines the correlation of the economic malaise to the decline of Japanese entrepreneurial innovation and the increasing importance of entrepreneurship education. The University of Tokyo provides an example of how entrepreneurship education has been evolving over the last fourteen years in the university reform.

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In this paper, we proposed Inter-satellite laser power transmission service and indicated its feasibility from the viewpoint of both technology and business. Solar-pumped laser allows for power transmission between 24 satellites at an altitude of 300 km and 24 satellites at an altitude of 1800 km assuming that some energy conversion efficiency and beam efficiency. If 24 power transmission satellites could be developed with an initial cost of 7.97 billion yen, an operational one of 10 thousand yen/hour, and a development period of five years, initial cost could be recovered in the 14th year from launch and a benefit of 55 billion yen can be achieved during 15 years which is a lifetime of the power transmission satellites.

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This paper tries to mark the beginning of developing a basic theory that people should understand to conduct management in nuclear sector. First, we make a hypothesis on conceptual level definition of what management in the nuclear sector is, and then, test the hypothesis by comparing it with the case of the ongoing management of decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.

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今回，第36回日本義肢装具学会学術大会のシンポジウム「義肢装具と新技術の双方向性」において，発表する機会を得た．本発表において，自身が装着型機器トランクソリューションを開発した経験および起業して普及を行っている経験に基づき「義肢装具と新技術の双方向性」を達成するために必要な3つの要素について解説を行った．必要な要素の1つ目はDevelopmentであり，ここでいかに使用者のニーズをとらえて開発を行うことが大切かについて説明した．2つ目はEvidenceであり，開発したとしてもその開発したものに一定の効果が得られなければ新技術は活用されないと訴えた．3つ目はEducationであり，義肢装具，新技術ともに適切な教育がなければ使用されないことについても解説を行った．

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The Nuclear Energy Management School (NEMS) developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was introduced in Japan in 2012 and has been annually held since then. The Japanese organizers conducted surveys to assess the educational effects of the annual NEMS in Japan so that three-week school program will be improved. The results of the surveys show that the balance and the quality of the lectures have steadily improved through close communication between lecturers and program coordinators in the preparatory stage. Case studies were effective educational tools for the school participants to understand how nuclear energy management policies taught during the school are practiced in the nuclear sector in reality. The orientation and homework prior to the school and the combination of lectures and assignment during the program can largely contribute to improve the participants’ sense of accomplishment.

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