Three objectives were pursued in this paper. The first objective is to describe actual conditions of adolescent suicides (age: 10 to 19 years old) within the area of Tokyo 23 Special Wards in comparison with the nationwide data. The interrelations among the attributes involved in adolescent suicides were investigated for the second objective. We have then, for the third objective, made some inquiry into the social conditions that give birth to adolescent suicides. The data of adolescent suicides in Tokyo 23 Special wards were collected from the medical examiner's reports of the Tokyo Municipal Medical Examiner's Office in the period of 1973-1978. Some findings were derived from the analysis. Students consisted of the majority of adolescent suicides. We were not able to find the peak of suicides to appear in the same month as the one generally found. The more frequently-used method of suicide was "jumping off", which might be a reflectien of regional characteristics of Tokyo, as "jumpiyg off" was not the most common method in the nationwide data. Homes were found to the site of suicide for more than half of the cases except the young female adolescent gruop (age:to 10--14 years old). Suicide notes or letters were left behind in fewer cases, compared with the nationwide data. Two interesting interrelations among the attributes were found. Firstly, suicides were generally committed in the residing wards. There was, however, a difference by sex. Females were somewhat more likely to leave their residing wards when committing suicides. Secondly, difference by sex were found in the rate of Suicide notes left behind when crossed by month and time of the day. Females showed marked variation in the rate of Suicide note leaving both by month and by time of the day. Males showed no such variation. This suggests the possibility that female suicidal behavior has a different structure from male suicidal behavior. We were not able to find one social condition that is critical to adolescent suicides. This indicates that adolescent suicides are the result of a complex network of various social conditions. In conclusion, community works are recommended as effective measures against adolescent suicides.Differences in suicidal behavior by sex should also be taken into consideration in future policy making.

抄録全体を表示

かつては, 3つのM(Military power, Money, Mission)によって, 国の繁栄や世界への貢献が図られてきた。これからは, 何をもって立国の基盤とし, どのように国際社会に貢献していくのか新しい道を模索するなかで, わが国は科学技術創造立国という目標を定めた。未踏の科学技術分野に挑戦し, 創造による知的資産をもって世界文化の発展に寄与していくのである。そのためには, 担い手となるを育てることが最も重要な課題となる。目標に向けて現実とのギャップをどう埋めていくか, 当財団が試みた"が科学技術に親しむ環境づくり運動", とりわけ創造性の育成に重点を置いて述べる。

抄録全体を表示

目的；立高校生を対象に，高校生の充実した学校生活と，家庭の支援環境や悩み体験との相互関連性について，総合的・構造的に明らかにすることを研究目的とした．
方法；対象は，立高校全日制高等学校174校の1年生とし，平成18年2月に自記式無記名の質問紙調査を実施した．各学校1クラスの生徒合計6,542人（男子3,224人女子3,318人）である．有効回答数3,208人（内訳男子1,463人，女子1,663人，不明82人）のうち，性別不明者を除いた3,126人を分析対象とし，共分散構造分析を用いて分析した．回収率は49.0％（男子45.4％，女子50.1％）であった．分析にはSPSS16.0JとAMOS16.0を用いた．
結果；探索的な因子分析の結果より得られた3つの潜在変数から，高校生の充実した学校生活を規定する概念モデルを設定した．高校生の『充実学校生活』（『』は潜在変数を示す）は，『家庭の支援』から直接的に規定され，『悩み体験』を通して間接的にも規定されることが明らかになった．このモデルによる『充実学校生活』の決定係数は，女子で51％，男子で39％であった．
結論；都立高校生の充実した学校生活を規定する要因としては，家庭における支援の重要性が示唆された．家庭における支援環境づくりとして，特に保護者と生徒が顔を合わせ，学校での様子や出来事について話す機会を持つことの重要性が構造的に明らかになった．

抄録全体を表示

Among the activities of the Dai-Nippon Butoku-kai, particular importance was attached to the training of budo instructors. The Budō Kyōin Yōseikei Daigaku (Budo Normal School) was founded in 1905, and then the Budō Senmon Gakko (Budo Vocational School) in 1912. The school was for boys over the age of 17 and is said to have been influential in the development of youth in modern Japan.

This paper will focus on the activities for youth undertaken by the Dai-Nippon Butoku-kai in its foundation period before the establishment of the Budo Normal School and to clarify its specific characteristics.

For a research method, a theory will be constructed by a careful study of newspapers, as in previous research. Articles related to the Butoku-kai in the Osaka Mainichi Shimbun and Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun from April 17, 1895, when the Butoku-kai was established, to April 17, 1904, that are concerned with activities for youths will be looked at and their contents clarified.

From a comprehensive study of the articles related to the Butoku-kai in the period in question, the main activities for youths were the Great Butokusai Demonstration, Great Youth Demonstration, short boat races, and long-distance swimming meets. In these activities, the greatest importance was placed on youth budo because of the influence of Watanabe Noboru. Through budo (bujutsu) and short boat races, it is clear that the Butoku-kai made great efforts in the development of youths in two ways: using the intrinsic educational and military characteristics of budo.

抄録全体を表示