Somatological measurements of the head and face, and the plaster casts of Atayal tribe in Taiwan were taken. The subjects consisted of 99 males and 68 females, from 13 to 29 years of age, living in Taian or Nanchuang of Miaoli, Wufeng of Hsinchu, and Jenai of Nantou. On the basis of the measurements taken, sex and race difference was examined comparison with other tribes. The results were as follows : 1. Measurements of the dental arch a. Sex difference In width, males showed significantly greater values than females, however, little difference was seen in length. A similar tendency was more evident for the upper dental arch than for the lower dental arch, and for the molar region than for the anterior teeth region. b. Race difference Comparison of the Atayal with the Saisiyat tribe, Chinese Hoklo, Korean and Japanese showed that the dental arch of the Atayal was clearly larger than those of Chinese Hoklo, Korean or Japanese, and was about the same as that of the Saisiyat tribe. 2. Measurements of the head and face a. Sex difference Males showed significantly greater values in all items examined than females. b. Race defference The Atayal tribe tended to show greater values than the Saisiyat tribe. Significant differences were found in the head length, bizygomatic breadth, morphological facial height and height for males, and for females in the head length. Morphology of the head and face was classified by their indices as follow : Cephalic index : Brachycephalic or Hyperbrachycephalic Length-height index : Hypsicephalic Breadth-height index : Acrocephalic Morphological facial index : Euryprosopic 3. Correlation Rather close correlation was found between the dental arch width and maxillofacial width. Correlation was hardly seen in the other items. As this correlation was found strength with growth, it is unsuitable that compare with adult correlation.
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